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151.
In this study of the origins of individual differences in theory of mind (ToM), the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study sample of 1,116 sixty-month-old twin pairs completed a comprehensive battery of ToM tasks. Individual differences in ToM were striking and strongly associated with verbal ability. Behavioral genetic models of the data showed that environmental factors explained the majority of the variance in ToM performance in this sample. Shared environmental influences on verbal ability had a common impact on ToM and explained more than half the phenotypic correlation between these two skills. Possible underlying proximal mechanisms are discussed, including maternal speech and mind-mindedness, sibling interactions, and peer influences. 相似文献
152.
In this study of a management writing course delivered via interactive television (ITV) and video streaming (VS), we examine the impact of video-based media on the instructor's pedagogy. Using grounded theory as a methodological lens, we arrive at two core categories, contact and interactivity, and four subcategories, presence, control, dialogue, and liveliness. After a careful analysis of these categories, we claim that video-based delivery deserves attention because it represents a promising component of distance learning writing instruction. Video allows an instructor to reintroduce talking as a means of learning into the arena of distance education, which tends to be dominated by text-heavy, Web-based methods of delivery. In fact, the emergence of liveliness as a category suggests that, for distant students, active learning occurs during spontaneous discussions made possible by video components. Video-based media that complement text-based interactivity can support social constructionist pedagogy in distance learning. 相似文献
153.
Campbell Carl 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1998,44(2-3):278-279
International Review of Education - 相似文献
154.
155.
Gwyneth Hughes 《Learning, Media and Technology》2009,34(4):291-305
Enthusiasts for new social software do not always acknowledge that belonging to e‐learning communities depends upon complex and often unresolved identity issues for learners. Drawing on the author’s previous research on belonging in social learning, the paper presents a theory of identity congruence in social learning and brings to the foreground the importance of identities which arise from expressions of gender, class, ethnicity, age, etc. in the social, operational and, in particular, the knowledge‐building aspects of learning. These three dimensions of identity congruence are used to evaluate the potential of new social software. While social software might encourage some learners to engage in social and operational identity work, there are disadvantages for others, and learner‐generated knowledge and e‐assessment practices can be divisive. Inclusive e‐learning depends upon pedagogies and assessments which enable learners to shift and transform identities, and not solely on widening the range of technologies available. Such caution should underpin future research. 相似文献
156.
This study investigates the experience of teaching of 19 teachers who are teaching on university courses involving face-to-face and on-line learning. The teachers are asked about how they think about learning technologies and how they approach the design and teaching of their courses across these two contexts. Results show that there are qualitatively different ways of thinking about learning technologies that relate logically and positively to qualitatively different ways of designing and teaching using learning technologies. The results have implications for teachers and those interested in maximising the likelihood of learning for university students when teachers teach with learning technologies. 相似文献
157.
Rebecca D. Ray Amy L. Shelton Nick Garber Hollon Bethany D. Michel Carl B. Frankel James J. Gross John D. E. Gabrieli 《Child development》2009,80(4):1232-1242
Processing the self-relevance of information facilitates recall. Similarly, processing close-other-related information facilitates recall to a lesser degree than processing self-relevant information. This memory advantage may be viewed as an index of the degree to which the representation of self is differentiated from representations of close others. To test developmental hypotheses concerning the self, this study examined the relation of memory for self- and mother-referentially processed information in participants age 7–13 years (Experiment 1: N = 37; Experiment 2: N = 14). Memory for words encoded with reference to oneself increases with age, relative to memory for words encoded with reference to one's mother. When used as an individual difference measure, the difference in self versus mother memory correlates with regions of the rostral anterior cingulate associated with affective salience. 相似文献
158.
In this paper, we analyze and compare two didactical designs for introducing primary school pupils to proportional reasoning
in the context of plane polygons. One of them is well-documented in the literature; the other one is based on our own data
and is accordingly presented and discussed in more detail in this paper. The two designs come from different cultural and
intellectual environments: lesson study in Japan (implicitly based on the “open approach method”) and “didactical engineering”
in France (based on the theory of didactical situations). The general aim of our paper is to compare these two environments
and their approaches to didactical design, basing our discussion on the concrete designs mentioned above. Clear differences
among them are presented, while we also identify links which hold potential for integrating research and practice. 相似文献
159.
Participation,financial support and the marginal student 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper examines differences between the decision-making of marginal and nonmarginal students about participation in higher
education (HE). We distinguish between two kinds of marginality: being ‘borderline’ on account of prior achievements in school
and being ‘unsure’ after taking prior achievement into account. We identify a significant minority of students in their final
year of schooling who are unsure about participation in higher education even though they have prior school achievements typical
of entrants to HE. Being ‘unsure’ is found to be unrelated to socioeconomic background, but it is associated with significantly
different attitudes towards the potential benefits and risks of participation, different levels of knowledge about financial
support that is available and different approaches to information search about participation in HE.
相似文献
Peter DaviesEmail: |
160.
There is little doubt of the educational and social merits of developing children and young people's social and emotional capabilities. But there lacks consensus on what these capabilities are; what should be assessed or shown to have developed over time; and the most appropriate methods for doing this. Through the conceptual framework of ‘social and emotional dispositions and skills’ (SEDS), and based on research in Wales, we present the argument for an alternative assessment methodology designed to challenge dominant discourses in the field and present a ‘minoritarian’ perspective of children and young people's social and emotional learning. The intention of this paper is to present a rationale for the co‐construction of an understanding of the concept of SEDS and engage in critical debate with researchers and practitioners from a wide range of services for children and young people. 相似文献