全文获取类型
收费全文 | 443篇 |
免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
教育 | 287篇 |
科学研究 | 54篇 |
各国文化 | 4篇 |
体育 | 78篇 |
文化理论 | 10篇 |
信息传播 | 18篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 17篇 |
2020年 | 14篇 |
2019年 | 31篇 |
2018年 | 32篇 |
2017年 | 26篇 |
2016年 | 22篇 |
2015年 | 18篇 |
2014年 | 22篇 |
2013年 | 78篇 |
2012年 | 14篇 |
2011年 | 20篇 |
2010年 | 13篇 |
2009年 | 10篇 |
2008年 | 10篇 |
2007年 | 14篇 |
2006年 | 6篇 |
2005年 | 14篇 |
2004年 | 8篇 |
2003年 | 5篇 |
2002年 | 8篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 6篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 3篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
1887年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有451条查询结果,搜索用时 296 毫秒
81.
Andrea Principi Carlos Chiatti Giovanni Lamura Frerich Frerichs 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(2):83-106
This article reviews recent international literature on the opportunities and restrictions experienced by older people to act as volunteers in civil society organizations. Our aim was to develop a conceptual framework applicable to the European ageing society. This aim was pursued through a computerized database search focused on studies analyzing the individual, organizational, and/or societal levels. Findings show that senior volunteers are characterized by “younger” age, good health, and a high level of both educational and socioeconomical status. Volunteers are involved mainly in religious organizations as well as in social and personal care, while main barriers are represented especially by ageist practices. The review shows that the debate on this topic has been barely developed in Europe, both from an individual and societal point of view. Therefore, European countries might take advantage from experiences made in other contexts, but the identification of how this can occur requires further and more specific cross-national research. 相似文献
82.
Rocío L. Cecchini Carlos M. Lorenzetti Ana G. Maguitman Nlida Beatríz Brignole 《Information processing & management》2008,44(6):1863
Systems for searching the Web based on thematic contexts can be built on top of a conventional search engine and benefit from the huge amount of content as well as from the functionality available through the search engine interface. The quality of the material collected by such systems is highly dependant on the vocabulary used to generate the search queries. In this scenario, selecting good query terms can be seen as an optimization problem where the objective function to be optimized is based on the effectiveness of a query to retrieve relevant material. Some characteristics of this optimization problem are: (1) the high-dimensionality of the search space, where candidate solutions are queries and each term corresponds to a different dimension, (2) the existence of acceptable suboptimal solutions, (3) the possibility of finding multiple solutions, and in many cases (4) the quest for novelty. This article describes optimization techniques based on Genetic Algorithms to evolve “good query terms” in the context of a given topic. The proposed techniques place emphasis on searching for novel material that is related to the search context. We discuss the use of a mutation pool to allow the generation of queries with new terms, study the effect of different mutation rates on the exploration of query-space, and discuss the use of a especially developed fitness function that favors the construction of queries containing novel but related terms. 相似文献
83.
84.
85.
Carlos Garcia-Zorita Ronald Rousseau Sergio Marugan-Lazaro Elias Sanz-Casado 《Journal of Informetrics》2018,12(3):567-578
Scientific journals are ordered by their impact factor while countries, institutions or researchers can be ranked by their scientific production, impact or by other simple or composite indicators as in the case of university rankings. In this paper, the theoretical framework proposed in Criado, R., Garcia, E., Pedroche, F. & Romance, M. (2013). A new method for comparing rankings through complex networks: Model and analysis of competitiveness of major European soccer leagues. Chaos, 23, 043114 for football competitions is used as a starting point to define a general index describing the dynamics or its opposite, stability, of rankings. Some characteristics to study rankings, ranking dynamics measures and axioms for such indices are presented. Furthermore, the notion of volatility of elements in rankings is introduced. Our study includes rankings with ties, entrants and leavers. Finally, some worked out examples are shown. 相似文献
86.
Background: Adventure education is an instructional model where students participate in adventurous activities to acquire physical, cognitive, and affective skills. It also has strong connections with cooperative learning. Parkour is a fast-growing sport practiced by thousands of youngsters all over the world. The media does not portray it as an educational content, but resourcefulness, maturity, cooperation, and respect are among its basic principles. It also appears to have a direct connection with risk-taking, self-discipline, and autonomy.Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to assess students' ideas, views, and/or feelings after experiencing a parkour learning unit.Participants and settings: The research project was conducted in an intact, sixth-grade physical education class in an elementary school located in the northern part of Spain. A total of 26 students with ages ranging between 11 and 12 years (mean age 11.4?±?0.6) participated in the study. There were 14 boys and 12 girls.Data collection: At the end of the intervention programme, all participating students were asked to ‘Describe your feelings, your thoughts, and your ideas on the parkour learning unit that you just experience in physical education'.Data analysis: MAXQDA 11, a qualitative software package, was used to assist with data management. All participants' answers were analysed via thematic content analysis and constant comparison.Findings: Five major categories emerged from data analysis: enjoyment, fear, social skills, problem-solving skills, and integration. Our findings agree with previous researchers who believe that parkour could be considered an educational content due to all the different positive outcomes that it brings to the physical education class. It seems to promote the development of social and problem-solving skills in the students. Both are competences that should be encouraged and fostered in our youngsters. Furthermore, it is considered a fun activity, it promotes students' integration, and it teaches them how to cope with fear.Conclusion: In contrast to popular views portrayed by the media, the sport of parkour can be a safe, educational content. School cannot turn its back on sports or contents whose popularity is rapidly increasing. 相似文献
87.
What makes a problem mathematically interesting? Inviting prospective teachers to pose better problems 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
School students of all ages, including those who subsequently become teachers, have limited experience posing their own mathematical
problems. Yet problem posing, both as an act of mathematical inquiry and of mathematics teaching, is part of the mathematics
education reform vision that seeks to promote mathematics as an worthy intellectual activity. In this study, the authors explored
the problem-posing behavior of elementary prospective teachers, which entailed analyzing the kinds of problems they posed
as a result of two interventions. The interventions were designed to probe the effects of (a) exploration of a mathematical
situation as a precursor to mathematical problem posing, and (b) development of aesthetic criteria to judge the mathematical
quality of the problems posed. Results show that both interventions led to improved problem posing and mathematically richer
understandings of what makes a problem ‘good.’ 相似文献
88.
89.
乒乓球是使用单侧上肢的一项运动,其特征是要进行重复多次高速且具爆发力的动作,无氧乳酸酵解代谢能力占有重要作用.研究对象与方法男女高水平乒乓球运动员(n=31).采用Takei5101握力计测量单侧上肢有力型和非单侧上肢有力型运动员的上肢最大等长收缩力.18名男运动员(平均年龄23.5±5.4岁)和13名女运动员(平均年龄21.3±3.3岁)均为西班牙乒乓球协会的国家联盟成员.采用SPSS v12.0 for windows和Excel v10.2软件包进行数据统计分析.研究结果发现无论男女运动员单侧上肢有力型的最大等长收缩力均高于非单侧上肢有力型,而左势手女运动员与右势手女运动员相比、右势手男运动员与左势手男运动员相比,单侧上肢有力型的最大等长收缩力均高于非单侧上肢有力型.研究还发现进攻型运动员与防守型运动员相比,单侧上肢有力型的最大等长收缩力高于非单侧上肢有力型.分析与讨论无论男女,单侧上肢有力型运动员手握力高于非单侧上肢有力型运动员.男性运动员比女性运动员的等长收缩力高,一个可以解释的事实是男性有更高的睾酮水平.肌肉力量不平衡可能发展成为脊柱侧弯姿态,这应该通过适当的力量和柔韧性训练来避免,以防止将来的运动损伤和运动成绩的下降. 相似文献
90.
Germano Lambert-Torres Carlos Henrique Valerio de Moraes Maurilio Pereira Coutinho Helga Gonzaga Martins Luiz Eduardo Borges da Silva 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2017,42(6):1296-1308
This paper describes a non-classical logic course primarily indicated for graduate students in electrical engineering and energy engineering. The content of this course is based on the vision that it is not enough for a student to indefinitely accumulate knowledge; it is necessary to explore all the occasions to update, deepen, and enrich that knowledge, adapting it to a complex world. Therefore, this course is not tied to theoretical formalities and tries at each moment to provide a practical view of the non-classical logic. In the real world, the inconsistencies are important and cannot be ignored because contradictory information brings relevant facts, sometimes modifying the entire result of the analysis. As consequence, the non-classical logics, such as annotated paraconsistent logic – APL, are efficiently framed in the approach of complex situations of the real world. In APL, the concepts of unknown, partial, ambiguous, and inconsistent knowledge are referred not to trivialise any system in analysis. This course presents theoretical and applicable aspects of APL, which are successfully used in decision-making structures. The course is divided into modules: Basic, 2vAPL, 3vAPL, 4vAPL, and Final Project. 相似文献