德国的图书馆信息资源共享模式

德国图书馆信息资源共享主要集中在州层次上,主要组织形式是地区性图书馆联盟。全国性的信息资源共享通常针对特定的信息服务和信息资源,如文献传递服务和电子期刊。该文简要介绍了德国的图书馆信息资源共享概况,图书馆联盟的管理、技术、经费和成果。最后分析了德国图书馆联盟的特点与问题。     

Internet coverage of the VINITI RAS

The web coverage of the research activities of the VINITI RAS is considered. The practicability of using various information retrieval systems for obtaining information relevant to the Institute’s functioning and results is analyzed.     

优秀体操运动员下肢力量素质特点研究

利用ＣＹＢＥＸ测力仪对国家队奥运会主力队员的下肢力量进行了测试,得出小腿三头肌力占股四头肌力的比例,男子右腿平均为５３．５５％,女子右腿平均为６２．１６％,屈膝肌力占伸膝肌力的比例,男子右腿平均为５５％、５９％,女子右腿平均为５９．７％、７０．６％。从而为有的放矢地进行力量训练提供了科学的依据。     

Analysis of the use of reference services in an academic health sciences library

In 1991, the Reference and Information Services staff of the Alfred Taubman Medical Library at the University of Michigan gathered data on the use of the reference desk, including the frequency and types of assistance requested by different user groups throughout the year. Recommendations based on the results of this study led to improved service as well as more efficient use of staff resources.     

中距离不同投篮点投篮命中率的差异分析

通过对两个不同水平的班级的投篮命中率的测试和检验。发现中距离不同投篮点的投篮命中率不存在显著性差异,投篮的“习惯位置”只是心理的产物,它并不意味着“非习惯位置”的投篮低命中率。但比赛中的“习惯位置”有待于进一步探讨。     

普通高校排球专项课程序化教学的实验研究

在普通高校排球专项课扣球教学中,通过”程序化”法与传统法的实验教法比较,显示出程序化教法效果优于传统法。     

Controlling the field of academic economics in Hungary, 1953–1976

Conclusions On the basis of these findings, I suggest that the structure and organisation of the field of Hungarian economics under state socialism should be described as a case of partitioned bureaucracy.⁹ The compromise between research economists and the political elite in the New Course era between 1953 and 1955¹⁰ survived the post-1956 reaction in so far as political economy, with its predominantly legitimatory and ideological functions, remained partitioned from the other sectors in the field through the remainder of the state-socialist period. This secured considerable protection both for Marxist-Leninist political economy—which faced the destabilising effects of exposure to the findings of serious empirical research—and for the other sectors, which were professionally oriented and earnestly interested in the pursuit of unbiased empirical research, free from stifling agitprop interference. Our data concerning the reputational control of the field reflects only one, although very important, aspect of this partitioning. Another and much plainer aspect is that, from the early 1960s, the Agitation and Propaganda Department of the Central Committee no longer exercised control over the field, except in the political economy sector.The proposition about the mechanism paradigm should not be taken seriously as a statement of a Kuhnian type of intellectual organisation of Hungarian economics, with reform economics at its hard theoretical core. But it should certainly be taken seriously as a reflection of the sociopolitical structure which emerged and developed from the mid-1950s onwards. Neither the politicians nor the economists saw as necessary or even contemplated the integration of Hungarian economic research with Western mainstream economic thought. In exchange for the professional expertise and socio-economic intelligence necessary for the exercise of power, Hungary's state-socialist political class offered their economists relative autonomy and freedom from interference. The price the economists had to pay was partly to refrain from openly and systematically challenging the beliefs perpetuated by the political economy of socialism, and partly to accept in their research the paramountcy of policy orientation. But this burden they assumed willingly since it made them the only group within Hungary's academic intelligentsia—indeed, the only group in Hungarian society outside the political class—with the privilege of being coopted to the institutions with power over some restricted domains of policymaking. After 1989, especially under the conservative Antall government, this proved less than advantageous.¹¹ Although the benevolence of many critics is open to question, it could greatly benefit the field if the economists' expulsion from contemporary politics went hand in hand with provision of the material, intellectual and institutional conditions for a new approach where a fundamentally scientific orientation is paramount.     

珠江三角洲富裕乡镇体育发展新特点及其模式

珠江三角洲富裕乡镇体育活动规模之大,人们参与的热情之高,均属全国之首,为广大农村体育工作的开展充当了“龙头”,做了“示范”。阐述了九十年代珠江三角洲富裕乡镇体育的新特点;建立了”北模式”,总结了其成功的基本经验,为农村体育的开展探索了一条可行之路;为国人展现了一幅乡镇体育发展的蓝图。     

The Impact of Museum Purchase on the Auction Prices of Paintings

This study examines how art museumspurchasing policy influences the auction prices ofpaintings. Using a cross section of non-speculativetransactions during the period 1820–1970, we findconsiderable empirical support for the hypothesisthat public museums outside the U.S. pay above averageprices in auction markets providing higher thanaverage yields to private sellers. The typical U.S.private museums appear to be more restricted byfinancial constraints and the development of thegeneral economic conditions than their publiccounterparts.