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991.
Jovan Pehcevski James A. Thom Anne-Marie Vercoustre Vladimir Naumovski 《Information Retrieval》2010,13(5):568-600
Entity ranking has recently emerged as a research field that aims at retrieving entities as answers to a query. Unlike entity
extraction where the goal is to tag names of entities in documents, entity ranking is primarily focused on returning a ranked
list of relevant entity names for the query. Many approaches to entity ranking have been proposed, and most of them were evaluated
on the INEX Wikipedia test collection. In this paper, we describe a system we developed for ranking Wikipedia entities in
answer to a query. The entity ranking approach implemented in our system utilises the known categories, the link structure
of Wikipedia, as well as the link co-occurrences with the entity examples (when provided) to retrieve relevant entities as
answers to the query. We also extend our entity ranking approach by utilising the knowledge of predicted classes of topic
difficulty. To predict the topic difficulty, we generate a classifier that uses features extracted from an INEX topic definition
to classify the topic into an experimentally pre-determined class. This knowledge is then utilised to dynamically set the
optimal values for the retrieval parameters of our entity ranking system. Our experiments demonstrate that the use of categories
and the link structure of Wikipedia can significantly improve entity ranking effectiveness, and that topic difficulty prediction
is a promising approach that could also be exploited to further improve the entity ranking performance. 相似文献
992.
Andrew Weinstein 《Publishing Research Quarterly》2010,26(1):11-15
Forecasts indicate a growing demand for digital content around the world. Converting to digital content can open up countless new revenue possibilities. Adding alternate channels may be worth consideration, but what are the options and what does it take to utilize them effectively? This article explores the opportunities that potentially exist for publishers with content that may be digitized and distributed to global markets. A brief review of the current marketplace is also incorporated, including current players and trends. Finally, an analysis of some of the potential issues, challenges and pitfalls is presented in context of delving into a new international digital content distribution strategy. 相似文献
993.
Bing Bai Jason Weston David Grangier Ronan Collobert Kunihiko Sadamasa Yanjun Qi Olivier Chapelle Kilian Weinberger 《Information Retrieval》2010,13(3):291-314
In this article we present Supervised Semantic Indexing which defines a class of nonlinear (quadratic) models that are discriminatively
trained to directly map from the word content in a query-document or document-document pair to a ranking score. Like Latent
Semantic Indexing (LSI), our models take account of correlations between words (synonymy, polysemy). However, unlike LSI our
models are trained from a supervised signal directly on the ranking task of interest, which we argue is the reason for our
superior results. As the query and target texts are modeled separately, our approach is easily generalized to different retrieval
tasks, such as cross-language retrieval or online advertising placement. Dealing with models on all pairs of words features
is computationally challenging. We propose several improvements to our basic model for addressing this issue, including low
rank (but diagonal preserving) representations, correlated feature hashing and sparsification. We provide an empirical study
of all these methods on retrieval tasks based on Wikipedia documents as well as an Internet advertisement task. We obtain
state-of-the-art performance while providing realistically scalable methods. 相似文献
994.
How to understand and argue for the nature and place of literary texts and experience in contemporary English curriculum has been and continues to be the subject of much debate. While literature as traditionally conceptualised remains an important presence in much English curriculum, the notion of what ‘literature’ is, or what the category of ‘literary’ texts and cultural forms might encompass, in a context where literacy is understood as multimodal and English and literacy curriculum addresses multimodal literacies accordingly, is less clear. This paper addresses two areas with respect to literature and literature teaching in the digital age: first, issues surrounding the ways in which national curriculum guidelines in England and Australia envisage the teaching of literature, in principle and in practice; and second, the challenges presented to print-based conceptions of literature and literature teaching within English by significantly broader conceptualisations of literature encompassing a range of aesthetic multimodal texts and forms. The kinds of insights, experience and understandings generated through the study and creation of literary and aesthetic texts in English, it is argued, are now needed more than ever. However, as literary experience becomes increasingly transmodal, how English seeks to manage media shift to encompass both print and digital forms remains a challenging issue. 相似文献
995.
Catherine Rytmeister 《Tertiary Education and Management》2013,19(2):137-156
Intertwined trends of massification, internationalisation and marketisation constitute and drive change in higher education at all levels. Consequences at the institutional level include: increased competition, adoption of corporate management forms, accrual of power to executive management, and greater emphasis on strategy. As Government policy focuses on accountability and a stronger role for university governing bodies, some new interfaces and tensions between governance and management roles have emerged, particularly in relation to strategic direction‐setting and planning. This article reports on results from an empirical, theory‐building study of role construction in university governance, arguing that cultural norms in conjunction with members’ attributions based on social identity are key influences on members’ perceptions of management and governance roles in relation to strategic processes. 相似文献
996.
Tai Peseta Margaret Hicks Trevor Holmes Catherine Manathunga Kathryn Sutherland Susan Wilcox 《International Journal for Academic Development》2013,18(1):59-61
Nurse education is characterised by dissonance, ambiguity and uncertainty. Such a context makes demands on the educator's authenticity or sense of self. This paper reports an attempt to provide a space where dissonance, ambiguity and uncertainty could be held, tolerated and examined and where authenticity could be recovered or developed through the practice of artistry. Three art workshops were offered to eight nurse educators over a period of three months. Each of the participants and the co‐facilitator were subsequently interviewed. All welcomed the opportunity to find meaning in their practice and to be listened to in a climate of empathy, acceptance and congruence. They undertook novel activities that allowed for discovery and surprise. They explored their sense of self and coined fresh metaphors to communicate their experiences. The paper argues that there is room for approaches to academic staff development that go against the mainstream. La formation des infirmières se caractérise par la dissonance, l'ambiguïté et l'incertitude. Un tel contexte exerce des pressions sur l'authenticité et le sens de soi d'un éducateur. Cet article rend compte d'une tentative de fournir un espace o[ugrave] l'authenticité peut être redécouverte et développée au moyen de la pratique artistique. Trois ateliers artistiques ont été offerts à huit formateurs d'infirmières sur une période de trois mois. Des entretiens ont été effectués auprès de chaque participant et du co‐facilitateur. Les répondants ont tous accueilli l'occasion de trouver un sens à leur pratique et de pouvoir être écouté dans un climat d'empathie, d'acceptation et d'harmonie. Ceux‐ci on entrepris des activités nouvelles faisant place à la découverte et à la surprise. Ils ont exploré leur sens de soi et ont trouvé de nouvelles métaphores pour communiquer leurs expériences. Cet article défend l'idée que des activités de développement pédagogique qui vont à l'encontre de la majorité ont leur place. 相似文献
997.
This exploratory study investigates gender-specific differences in the challenges of the doctoral experience through the observations of a counsellor working with doctoral students. The article first contextualises the study within the literature investigating doctoral attrition and gender equity, showing that identity transformation over the doctorate is problematic in particular aspects for women. We confirm that cultural expectations regarding women passivity, family nurturance and (at least symbolic) subordination to male authority can cause tensions between women's social relationships and academic performance which values assertiveness, clear communication and confident management of power relationships. We identify various conflicts between the female roles of the social sphere and the academic arena that problematise the identity transition of the doctorate from student to independent researcher. 相似文献
998.
Ronald Hitzler Babette Kirchner Jessica Pahl 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2013,16(3):143-158
In view of processes of individualization and pluralization, the requirements for living in modern societies result in significantly increased complexity of social constructions of reality. Especially for individualized juvenile people new forms of communities are a constitutive feature of social lifestyle progression and rearrangement. Within events a specific type of these juvenile communalities emerges. Based on two different cases, a music festival and an improvisational theater performance, this paper emphasizes a crucial similarity of events: the use of (physical) staging as a social mechanism for integration and distinction. The process of ‘eventization’ (i.e., spectacularization) provides a framework for action, in which emotional as well as mental affiliations constitute. 相似文献
999.
Detlev Leutner Eckhard Klieme Jens Fleischer Harm Kuper 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2013,16(1):1-2
This special issue comprises eleven articles from the DFG priority program “Competence Models for Assessing Individual Learning Outcomes and Evaluating Educational Processes”. The special issue aims at showing the priority program’s present state of discussion concerning essential concepts and questions related to the modeling of competencies. The first article describes the structure and research areas of the program and gives an overview on the current state of research. The short articles two to eleven discuss questions and problems which proved to be of particular importance during the work of the priority program in the last years. These articles constitute the result of a workshop of the participating scientists of the priority program in terms of position papers. 相似文献
1000.
Christian Rittelmeyer 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2013,16(3):217-231
Transfer research examines how artistic activities can have an impact outside of the realm of art itself. The article concludes that this research can be carried out in a meaningful way, only within the framework of a comprehensive theory of aesthetic education. This theory would encompass the structural analysis of artistic activity, as well as biographical reports about artistic experiences. The elucidation of the concepts or themes relevant to the theory would include the notion of aesthetic experience, the understanding of immediate, aesthetic experiences, the analysis of artistic processes, and the outcomes of scientifically evaluated applications of aesthetic education. 相似文献