A Re-examination of Leadership Style for Hong Kong School-Based Management (SBM) Schools

Leadership style has always been a controversial topic in educational administration and management. Following the recommendation of the Education Commission to introduce school-based management (SBM) into Hong Kong schools in the early 1990s, discussions about the kind of leadership style that is appropriate for SBM schools have never ceased. The government holds a continuing belief that SBM schools work better if they are managed by “better” principals, and emphasises the value of transformational leadership. However, this paper articulates the limitations of that leadership style and argues for complementing it with educational leadership, which purports that principals have an obligation to learn with others about ways of promoting student learning. Secondly, the staff should also be encouraged and helped to carry out certain leadership functions. These arguments are supported by references to the most relevant literature. The discussion is useful to school principals, leaders, and teachers by offering them a better understanding of how to facilitate the implementation of SBM.     

车用自励式缓速器的工作原理及其使用

文章介绍了一种新型的缓速器--车用自励式缓速器,这种缓速器可以消除、减小以往辅助制动装置的缺点,综合了其它缓速器的优点:质量最轻,体积最小且具有可调性;同时该缓速器具有自发电功能,无须增加或加大汽车发电机和蓄电池;它还可以把汽车的惯性转化为制动力矩来克服惯性,从而节省能量,减少磨损,而这些是其它类型缓速器不能与其相比的.本文详细介绍了自励式缓速器的结构和工作原理,分析了其安装和使用方法,最后比较了自励式缓速器的优越性.     

Academic dishonesty among Hong Kong secondary school students: application of theory of planned behaviour

The theory of planned behaviour was used to examine academic dishonesty among secondary school students in Hong Kong. Participants were 386 students in Forms 1–3 (Grades 7–9). Attitudes toward cheating, perceived behavioural control, and moral obligation were positively related to the intention to cheat, but only the subjective norm against cheating was significantly related to self-reported cheating behaviour. The subjective norm was both a predictor of self-reported cheating and a moderator of the relationship between the intention to cheat and self-reported cheating: the intention predicted the behaviour only when the subjective norm against cheating was perceived to be weak.     

乙炔的制取和化学性质微型实验的改进

简述了高中教材中乙炔的制取和性质实验的不足之处，给出了改进后的实验装置与实验步骤，并阐述了改进后的实验装置的特点。     

高温高湿环境对运动能力的影响

根据体育运动的开展情况来看,在高温高湿环境下,人体的运动能力会受到极大影响,需要确保环境温度与人体热平衡的协调性,才能真正达到体育锻炼的目的。文章就高温高湿环境对运动能力的影响进行分析,提出高温高湿环境下保持运动能力的有效策略,对于促进运动能力有效提高有着重要现实意义。     

Massification of higher education,graduate employment and social mobility in the Greater China region

Globalisation and the evolution of the knowledge-based economy have caused dramatic worldwide changes in the character and functions of education, particularly higher education. In the search for global competitiveness, many emerging economies have begun to expand their higher education systems, which has significantly affected the relationship between higher education and graduate employment. Recently, international comparative studies have suggested that increasing enrolment in higher education does not always promote upward social mobility, and can intensify inequality in education. This article critically examines the impact of the expansion of higher education in East Asia on graduate employment and social mobility in the context of an increasingly globalising economy and changing labour market needs. The article discusses emerging trends in the Greater China region, with a particular focus on Hong Kong, Guangzhou and Taipei, and argues that the massification of higher education has not necessarily led to more occupational opportunities for youth or opportunities for upward social movement, particularly since the significant changes in the global labour market after the 2008 global financial crisis. On the contrary, the intensification of ‘positional competition’ among college graduates seems to reflect growing social inequality.     

Education,the science of learning,and the COVID-19 crisis

PROSPECTS - In the COVID-19 crisis, the science of learning has two different responsibilities: first, to offer guidance about how best to deal with the impact of the current situation, including...     

商业企业的SP促销策略初探

SP促销是现代市场营销宝库中使用最为广泛的一种拓展市场、促进销售的利器。SP促销对激励消费购买行为。增进销售。扩大营业额，提高企业知名度等方面有着独特的功效。只有认真研究SP促销的特点，灵活运用SP促销方式．才能更好地发挥SP促销在商业企业营销活动中的作用。     

Parental Authoritarian Control and Cognitive Complexity

Studies on the conceptual system proposed by Harvey et aJ (1961) suggested that the concrete mode of cognitive functioning is associated with certain developmental factors such as restricted exploration of the environment, overcontrol by parents, avoidance of uncertainty, conformity to external superimposed norms, and discouragement of independence, etc. Using the framework of Harvey, Schroder et al (1967) specified two types of training methods, one of which he called the deductive method. Parents adopting this method provide the child with ready made and fixed rules. The child is taught to avoid uncertainty by looking externally for rules. The variety of perceptions and responses available to the child is highly restricted. The environment is so structured that it is unrealistically oversimplified. Schroder et al believe that this type of training method would bring out a cognitive structure which is characterized by compartmentalization and inability to think in terms of degrees or relativeness.     

iTEC: conceptualising,realising and recognising pedagogical and technological innovation in European classrooms

Innovation, a complex concept, underpinned a four-year pan-European research project designed to increase the effective use of technology in school classrooms. This article revisits evaluation data collected during the project and explores the challenges of conceptualising, realising and researching ‘innovation’. The authors describe how innovation was conceptualised, highlighting key issues, not all of which could be resolved in the project. The development of an approach to support teachers to change their practices facilitated the realisation of innovation in the classroom. This approach, through which researchers and national pedagogical coordinators worked with teachers to develop their teaching and learning practices with technology in potentially innovative ways, is outlined. Case study data are then used to exemplify how teachers and other stakeholders applied this approach and how they perceived innovation in practice within their own countries. Through a discussion of these cases, the article highlights the challenge of defining innovation in different country settings and, in turn, the complexity of identifying its occurrence. It concludes by proposing the next steps for similar research endeavours.