仁者在述说——刘春来小说的审美解读

刘春来继承和发扬了周立波的艺术旨趣和创作传统,他以仁者的审美情怀,用小说的表达方式,叙述新时期以来中国农村的历史变迁和农民的生存命运,为我们观照当代中国社会底层的芸芸众生及其日常生活、心路历程,提供了一幅幅具有审美深度的艺术画卷.     

论小山词的今昔对比与天气描写

通过统计和细读的方法，本文对含有今昔对比抒情模式的小山词中的关于天气状况的描写展开了研究。在探讨今昔对比抒情模式的内部结构基础上，依据内容和情感，将今昔对比词细分为梦回往昔、睹物思人、故地重游三种类型。进而分别对三类词中天气描写的特点、功能等展开相应的分析研究。本文尝试着从天气描写的角度，对晏几道今昔对比词的内涵敛进一步的发掘，以期深入地把握晏几道人生逆境中的情感心态与其独特的艺术手法。     

A Profile of Respite Service Providers in New South Wales

Respite is one of the critical support systems for families and carers who support and care for a person with a life‐long disability. This study examined the profile of respite services in the Australian state of New South Wales and explored respite providers’ views of the factors influencing respite use, and their expectations of respite services, including delivery. Data were analysed from a 107‐item survey completed by 90 respite service providers who were members of the peak respite service association in New South Wales. A comprehensive profile of respite service providers is presented. A variety of respite services was provided to persons with different disability types in all age ranges and across geographical regions. The views of respite providers on factors influencing respite use and expectations of respite appear consistent with the research evidence on factors influencing some carers. There is a strong argument for respite service funding to be flexible, responsive to the needs of carers and to be consumer‐driven. Appropriate staff training remains an important issue. The findings suggest that many respite providers have significant experience in running a respite service. There is scope for respite providers to consider support for carers. The development of a tool to determine predictors of respite use and non‐use may be beneficial for resource allocation and planning.     

上海世锦赛女子水球项目前8名队伍的技术与体能分析

通过收集第14届世锦赛水球项目前8名的对战录像、查阅官方技术统计资料、现场技术统计以及查阅相关文献等方法,对该届世锦赛取得前8名队伍的技术与体能状态的特征进行了分析,并对2012年伦敦奥运会要取得好成绩的运动队所需要的体能储备进行了探讨。结果表明:名次越靠前的队伍其每节比赛的体能分配越平衡、体能的输出越稳定,比赛的节奏越以多动用最大强度短距离的冲刺游、跃起射门以及高水平的有氧耐力为主。此外,在还需要进一步加大无氧供能能力的储备、加强乳酸消除能力以及增加"临门一臂"诸肌肉群的爆发力,为一流的体能储备创造条件。     

Locus of control and achievement motivation-critical factors in educational psychology

The purpose of this paper is to examine the implications of research on locus of control and achievement motivation for the practicing educational psychologist. The relation to learning and the implications for psychological evaluation of each construct are discussed. It is suggested that locus of control and achievement motivation influence the ways in which a child approaches school-related tasks, interprets the outcome of tasks, selects tasks, and persists in activities.     

Perspectives of new trades tutors: boundary crossing between vocational identities

This article reports on a study of the perspectives of new tutors teaching traditional vocational trades who recently commenced teaching in the Institutes of Technologies and Polytechnics (ITPs) sector in New Zealand. The perspectives are collated from questionnaires and interviews of 13 tutors, from five ITPs, who have been teaching full-time for two years. In this article, a focus is made on the transformation process from expert trade worker to effective trades tutor, along with suggestions to assist the ‘boundary crossing’ process between two diverse vocational identities. Suggestions include aligning trades tutors' existing workplace training-based conceptualisations of teaching and learning to extend trades tutors' teaching craft knowledge, skills, and dispositions.     

对普通高等院校体育舞蹈开展状况的分析与研究

运用文献资料研究法、问卷调查法和数理统计法,对50所普通高等院校体育舞蹈课程开展现状进行调查与分析.调查结果显示:高校体育舞蹈已开展起来,但现处于初步探索阶段;体育舞蹈教师的专业技术水平较低,教师的水平是影响体育舞蹈运动在高校发展的主要因素,应重视教师业务能力和技术水平的提高,为教师提供更多的业务培训机会;同时,体育舞蹈教学大纲、教材的编制、辅助课程的开设、高校间的竞赛组织也是制约体育舞蹈运动发展的重要因素.     

The effects of school board consolidation and financing on student performance

Over the last 20 years, states and provinces have become increasingly involved in the financing and administration of elementary and secondary education. Local school boards, however, still retain control over key aspects of the provision of education. Historically, these boards were organized at the community level so as to meet the wants of the local community. Today, states and provinces have become more interested in consolidating school boards and moving to a more centralized funding scheme. Do these changes result in improved student achievement? This paper attempts to answer these questions by examining the school board consolidation and funding changes instituted by the province of Ontario. We differentiate the effects of the policy changes based on observed differences in the school boards prior to consolidation. We show that students in previously high wealth school boards perform worse after the policy change compared to students in previously low wealth school boards.     

The object of learning in action research and learning study

ABSTRACT

The Learning study and the Educational Action Research approaches to educational research are compared, not from a third, neutral point of view, but from the perspective of the former. Hence, the comparison is carried out in terms of how the main point of departure of the Learning study (LS), the question of ‘What is to be learned?’, is addressed in the two approaches. Both represent critical stances to Educational objectives, the frequently taken-for-granted answer to the question. Educational objectives communicate, however, what the students are expected to become able to do, but not what they need to learn in order to get there. Hence, what is to be learned cannot be stated in advance, prior to the teacher learning what her students need to learn. The two approaches to educational research agree on the principle that what is to be learned has to be found in the interaction between students and teachers; however, there is an important difference between the two concerning the very point of departure. Educational objectives are too wide and imprecise according to LS, the teachers have to find the critical aspects (necessary to appropriate, but not appropriated as yet by the students) of the object of learning. According to Action research, as formulated by Lawrence Stenhouse, educational objectives are too narrow, too limited and limiting. We shall start looking for what is to be learned amongst inherent aspects of the content itself.     

How helpful are error management and counterfactual thinking instructions to inexperienced spreadsheet users' training task performance?

This paper examined the impact of training strategies on the types of errors that novice users make when learning a commonly used spreadsheet application. Fifty participants were assigned to a counterfactual thinking training (CFT) strategy, an error management training strategy, or a combination of both strategies, and completed an easy task (assessing direct application of the skills learned) followed by a hard task (assessing adaptive transfer). Even though there were no objective differences in performance across conditions, a positive relationship was found between errors and task performance for the CFT and combined conditions in the hard task. These preliminary findings indicate the usefulness of examining not only task performance but also types of errors when assessing the effectiveness of software training strategies.