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41.
Diane D. Chapman 《Performance Improvement Quarterly》2004,17(4):31-49
ABSTRACT This survey‐based study addressed a perceived gap between training performance evaluation practice and decision‐making criteria required in business. Training professionals and non‐training managers in North Carolina were surveyed. The study found that the groups differ in the performance measures that motivate them to act on training issues. Non‐training managers preferred measurements of productivity, organizational climate, product quality, cost, and customer service reports. Training professionals preferred measures of opinions of the trainee's supervisor, end‐of‐training exam scores, progress/work performance reports, and opinions of the trainee. The study concluded that (1) training professionals and non‐training managers react to different training performance measures; (2) training professionals are more likely to react to job/individual‐level performance measures; (3) non‐training managers are more likely to rely on organizational‐level measures; (4) non‐training managers are not primarily concerned with converting training benefits to dollar figures; (5) on‐the‐job tests and customer service reports are valued by both the training profession and business and industry; and (6) the low response suggests a potential lack of interest for the strategic position of the training function. 相似文献
42.
Previous studies have shown that cycling can directly influence neuromuscular control during subsequent running in some highly trained triathletes, despite these triathletes' years of practice of the cycle-run transition. The aim of this study was to determine whether cycling has the same direct influence on neuromuscular control during running in moderately trained triathletes. Fifteen moderately trained triathletes participated. Kinematics of the pelvis and lower limbs and recruitment of 11 leg and thigh muscles were compared between a control run (no prior exercise) and a 30 min run that was preceded by a 15 min cycle (transition run). Muscle recruitment was different between control and transition runs in only one of 15 triathletes (<7%). Changes in joint position (mean difference of 3°) were evident in five triathletes, which persisted beyond 5 min of running in one triathlete. Our findings suggest that some moderately trained triathletes have difficulty reproducing their pre-cycling movement patterns for running initially after cycling, but cycling appears to have little influence on running muscle recruitment in moderately trained triathletes. 相似文献
43.
Christopher J. Johnstone David W. Chapman 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2009,56(2):131-148
This article reports on a study that investigated the extent to which central ministry policy initiatives result in large‐scale educational change in developing countries. Specifically, Lesotho's policy of inclusive special education was examined as a case study. The study employed a multi‐method approach to yield a large data‐set. Results indicate that policy implementation was limited in both depth (the approaches to inclusive education in some schools) and breadth (the number of schools that have received training in inclusive education). Where implementation was present, perceived teacher knowledge and skill was a strong predictor of success and teachers had positive attitudes toward children with disabilities. 相似文献
44.
Joanne Griffiths Lesley Vidovich Anne Chapman 《Journal of educational administration and history》2009,41(2):193-208
In curriculum policy, discourses of ‘policy partnerships’ and ‘communities of practice’ have become increasingly prevalent and were reflected in Western Australian curriculum policy processes from the mid‐1990s to the late 2000s – a period of significant, highly contested change. This paper presents the findings of an empirical study into the impact of curriculum reform on the changing dynamics within and between the government and non‐government education sectors, drawing on critical theory and post‐structuralist approaches to policy analysis within a broader framework of policy network theory. This approach is used to highlight power issues at all levels of the policy trajectory. This research found that despite policy discourses of collaborative and consultative processes to create a ‘shared’ curriculum, the government and non‐government education sectors remain largely distinct due to significant power differentials, as well as structural and cultural differences. The analysis reveals three closely connected emergent themes – limited collaboration, regulated consultation and enhanced state control of curriculum policy agendas. It is argued here that although discourses of ‘policy partnerships’ and ‘community of practice’ are increasingly evidenced in contemporary curriculum policy, they do not take sufficient account of embedded hierarchical power relationships. Further, such discourses can be used as legitimisation strategies to promulgate policy changes which enhance the steerage capacity of the state. Deeply entrenched power differentials operate simultaneously to distort policy partnerships and communities of practice, by both including and excluding particular sets of policy actors. 相似文献
45.
Chapman David W. Miric Suzanne L. 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2009,55(4):311-344
International Review of Education - Some of the most dramatic growth in the provision of primary and secondary education over the last decade has occurred across countries of the Middle East and... 相似文献
46.
This article focuses on an experienced high school mathematics teacher who changed her practice without participating in planned
interventions aimed at producing this change. It reports on the nature of the teacher’s change from her perspective and an
interpretation and understanding of the change from the researcher’s perspective. It illustrates how meaningful change can
occur when the process is initiated and rooted in the teacher’s experience based on a tension in self and/or practice that
is personal and real to him or her. It discusses three types of change that are possible depending on the level of engagement
of the teacher in professional development opportunities: instrumental change, conceptual change, and foundational change. 相似文献
47.
48.
Supporting the middle tier to engage with school-based networks: Change strategies for influencing and cohering 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Networking and collaboration in educational settings have become increasingly important in terms of supporting innovation
and policy developments in many educational systems. However, to date, the role and action of the middle tier remains an under-researched
area, especially in the United Kingdom. This paper draws on findings from a study of district level (local authorities (LAs))
capacity to broker and facilitate school-based networks within a context of complex multiple agendas. The study, funded by
the Department for Education and Skills (DfES) Innovations Unit and the National College for School Leadership (NCSL) involved
19 LAs over a two-year period. The authors worked as second order action researchers supporting local authority staff develop
a range of strategies to broker and facilitate school-to-school networks. This paper draws on Habermassian notions of a critical
theorem to describe the construction and use of a new theoretical framework outlining the strategies adopted by the middle
tier officers within the project. 相似文献
49.
Andrew R. Chapman Bill Vicenzino Paul W. Hodges Peter Blanch Allan G. Hahn Theodore E. Milner 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):767-782
Abstract The direct effects of cycling on movement and muscle recruitment patterns (neuromuscular control) during running are unknown but critical to success in triathlon. We outline and test a new protocol for investigating the direct influence of cycling on neuromuscular control during running. Leg movement (three-dimensional kinematics) and muscle recruitment (surface electromyography, EMG) were compared between a control run (no prior exercise) and a 30-min transition run that was preceded by 20 min of cycling. We conducted three experiments investigating: (a) the repeatability (between-day reliability) of the protocol; (b) the ability of the protocol to investigate, in highly trained national or international triathletes, the direct influence of cycling on neuromuscular control during running independent of neuromuscular fatigue; and (c) the ability of the protocol to provide a control, or baseline, measure of neuromuscular control (determined using a measure of stability) without causing fatigue. Kinematic and EMG measures of neuromuscular control during running showed moderate to high repeatability: mean coefficients of multiple correlation for repeatability of EMG and kinematics were 0.816 ± 0.014 and 0.911 ± 0.031, respectively. The protocol provided a robust baseline measure of neuromuscular control during running without causing neuromuscular fatigue (coefficients of multiple correlation for stability of EMG and kinematics were 0.827 ± 0.023 and 0.862 ± 0.054), while EMG and force data provided no evidence of fatigue. The protocol outlined here is repeatable and can be used to measure any direct influence of cycling on neuromuscular control during running. 相似文献
50.
Thandeka K. Chapman 《The Urban Review》2008,40(1):42-63
The purpose of this paper is to examine the remnants of desegregation curricular reforms in a small urban district. This study
documents the affects of various policies that were implemented to create equity and equality in urban, multi-racial and socio-economically
diverse classrooms. These reforms were created due to a court desegregation order that demanded the district take multiple
steps to raise the academic achievement levels of students of color in the district. Using the lens of Critical Race Theory
to examine issues of interest-convergence and the effects of court-ordered desegregation initiatives, the researcher documents
how teachers have come to terms with two major curricular changes that work in conjunction with other curricular reforms.
Research that considers the affects of large-scale policy initiatives on classroom practices is necessary to further current
conversations on successful reform implementation.
相似文献
Thandeka K. ChapmanEmail: |