国外图书馆学情报学2002年研究进展(续)

<正> 9《国际图联杂志》(IFLA Journal,双月刊) 全年共有35篇论文以及各种信息通报。法国国家图书馆的M.Beaudiquez在其文章“未来国家书目的用途”中,分析了网络环境对传统国家书目利用的冲击,指出不仅应在技术上更新国家书目的功能,而且应在观念上重新认识国家书目的价值。F.N.Kasimu对肯尼亚国家图书馆近20年来在采访和馆藏发展中所存在的问题进行了解析,提出资金合理分配、提高馆际互借能力与水平、加强资源共享等若干解决方     

文献资源的网络采集策略

文献资源的网络采集是图书馆采访的新形式。图书馆采访人员必须掌握与文献网络采集有关的信息获取、网上书店选择、书目数据判选、转换与利用策略，熟悉网络采集环节，逐步向文献采集网络化过度。     

对开展社会科学成果查新研究的探讨

本文认为，国内现有的自然科学成果查新机构无法适应社会科学成果查新需要，建立全国性社科成果查新体系势在必行。为此，需要开展相关的社会科学成果查新研究。本文对开展社会科学成果查新研究的背景、意义、内容和方法进行了探讨。     

Google Answers与图书馆网上参考咨询模式

对Google Answers进行考察,从问答模式、收费机制、用人政策和交互机制等方面剖析Google Answers的特点,并与图书馆开展的网上参考咨询服务进行比较分析,提出图书馆网上参考咨询应增加问答模式的灵活性及与用户的交互性,局部尝试引入商业服务的某些合理机制,开展有偿服务;引入约束和淘汰机制,以激发咨询人员的工作热情等。     

谈ILAS小型版的特征及应用

本文评述了ILAS小型版的主要特征,并介绍了ILAS小型版在实际应用中的一些方法和技巧。     

Supportive communication from bystanders of cyberbullying: indirect effects and interactions between source and message characteristics

Cyberbullying is an increasingly common experience that produces psychosocial consequences for targets. Interventions encouraging bystanders to support targets of cyberbullying are limited by a lack of focus on what to communicate. This study considers supportive messages that emphasize emotional comfort, attributions of responsibility, and beliefs that people can change as relevant to this context, and it examines how perceptions of messages differ based on whether support providers have or lack experience with cyberbullying. We extend research on the indirect effects model of supportive communication by randomly assigning participants (N?=?304), who self-identify as targets of cyberbullying, to message and source conditions and assessing their perceptions of messages, providers, and outcomes. Impressions of messages mediate their influence on outcomes, and the experiential similarity of support providers moderates these effects. Certain messages, notably those contending that bullies can change, are less effective when delivered by sources who lack experience with bullying.     

The Constitutive Relationship of Social Communication Competence to Self-Compassion and Hope

Communication is constitutive—in theory. In research, however, communication is often treated as an outcome, influenced by personal attributes. The present research examines social communication competence as a constitutive influence predicting self-compassion and hope. Path analysis results support this hypothesis. Results show that social communication expressivity (β = .14), sensitivity (β = –.32), and control (β = .20) predict self-compassion. Social communication sensitivity (β = .26) and control (β = .27) affect hope agency, and social communication control (β = .29) predicts hope pathways thinking. These results provide evidence of the constitutive nature of communication.     

Binge-Watching and Psychological Well-Being: Media Use Between Lack of Control and Perceived Autonomy

Binge-watching—the intensive, consecutive viewing of televised series—has become a prevalent usage pattern of entertainment media, which may influence users’ psychological well-being both positively and negatively: On the one hand, binge-watching could increase viewers’ enjoyment, recovery experiences, and vitality through an increase in perceived autonomy. On the other hand, binge-watching can trigger goal conflicts and feelings of guilt, which may reduce well-being. Drawing on an online survey (N = 499), the present study examines the tension between these two mechanisms and their effects on users’ well-being. The data largely support the hypotheses: Binge-watching is perceived as recreational as long as goal conflicts and feelings of guilt can be avoided. Well-being, on the other hand, is positively affected by binge-watching-induced increases in perceived autonomy. These results corroborate the central role of self-determination as a link between media reception, media enjoyment, and psychological well-being.     

Shared Entertainment,Shared Opinions: The Influence of Social TV Comments on the Evaluation of Talent Shows

The present research investigated whether co-viewer comments in social TV interactions are able to enhance or weaken media effects. With the example of talent shows, the valence of co-viewer comments (pro/contra/none) as well as the type of content (antisocial behavior vs. conventional performance) were varied in an experiment (N = 117). Results showed that participants’ own comments and their private attitudes about the judges varied in line with comment valence. Findings suggest that social TV viewers are prone to social influence of their co-viewers, which might amplify problems regarding the portrayal of antisocial behavior in reality TV.