通心络对颈动脉粥样硬化临床干预的对照研究

目的探讨通心络是否对颈动脉粥样硬化的发展有抑制作用。方法60例诊断"脑供血不足"的门诊病人,经Hpsonos5500型超声仪,证实颈动脉内膜有硬化改变或硬化斑块,随机进入通心络治疗或对照组。治疗组投给通心络胶囊4粒,3/d,对照组投给阿司匹林75mg/d、舒降之20mg/d,均连服180天。试验前后测定血清氧化低密度脂蛋白(OX-LDL)、单核细胞趋化因子(MCP-1)水平的变化,彩超检查颈动脉粥样硬化情况,观察内-中膜厚度(IMT)、内皮表面情况及硬化斑的变化。结果1.服药半年后两组血浆OX-LDL及MCP-1含量均显著下降(P<0.001)2.两组用药前血浆OX-LDL及MCP-1水平相当,无显著性差异(P>0.05)。治疗180天后,两组水平均明显下降,但对照组下降程度较试验组更明显,组间差异具有显著性(P<0.001)3.彩超示对照组血管IMT有所增加,试验组IMT有轻微增加,但无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论两组干预对颈动脉粥样硬化的发展均有一定影响,其作用程度相近。病人对通心络胶囊的耐受良好,有高度依从性。     

素质教育对高校教师的要求

第三次全国教育工作会议通过了实施素质教育的决定。实施素质教育,首先必须造就一批适应素质教育要求的教师队伍,试析实施素质教育关键力量的高校教师应具备的素质素养要求。     

Enhancing Digital Simulated Laboratory Assessments: a Test of Pre-Laboratory Activities with the Learning Error and Formative Feedback Model

Digitally simulated laboratory assessments (DSLAs) may be used to measure competencies such as problem solving and scientific inquiry because they provide an environment that allows the process of learning to be captured. These assessments provide many benefits that are superior to traditional hands-on laboratory tasks; as such, it is important to investigate different ways to maximize the potential of DSLAs in increasing student learning. This study investigated two enhancements—a pre-laboratory activity (PLA) and a learning error intervention (LEI)—that are hypothesized to enhance the use of DSLAs as an educational tool. The results indicate students who were administered the PLA reported statistically lower levels of test anxiety when compared to their peers who did not receive the activity. Furthermore, students who received the LEI scored statistically higher scores on the more difficult problems administered during and after the DSLA. These findings provide preliminary evidence that both a PLA and LEI may be beneficial in improving students’ performance on a DSLA. Understanding the benefits of these enhancements may help educators better utilize DSLAs in the classroom to improve student science achievement.

     

High-School Students’ Epistemic Knowledge of Science and Its Relation to Learner Factors in Science Learning

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an online contextualized test for assessing students’ understanding of epistemic knowledge of science. In addition, how students’ understanding of epistemic knowledge of science interacts with learner factors, including time spent on science learning, interest, self-efficacy, and gender, was also explored. The participants were 489 senior high school students (244 males and 245 females) from eight different schools in Taiwan. Based on the result of an extensive literature review, we first identified six factors of epistemic knowledge of science, such as status of scientific knowledge, the nature of scientific enterprise, measurement in science, and so on. An online test was then created for assessing students’ understanding of the epistemic knowledge of science. Also, a learner-factor survey was developed by adopting previous PISA survey items to measure the abovementioned learner factors. The results of this study show that; (1) by factor analysis, the six factors of epistemic knowledge of science could be grouped into two dimensions which reflect the nature of scientific knowledge and knowing in science, respectively; (2) there was a gender difference in the participants’ understanding of the epistemic knowledge of science; and (3) students’ interest in science learning and the time spent on science learning were positively correlated to their understanding of the epistemic knowledge of science.     

中国菊科鸦葱属植物分类研究

 About 22 species of the genus Scorzonera L. are so far known to occur in China. Among them, S. pamirica Shih is described as new and 3 species, S. tau-sahyz Lipsch. et Bosse, S. pubescens DC. and S. transiliensis M. Pop., are new records to China.  Four names in the literature are reduced to synonyms,and some wrong identications in Chinese botanical literature are pointed out in this work.  Some species with considerable variation in morphology, such as, S. pseudodivaricata Lipsch. and S. sinensis Lipsch. ex Krasch., are also discussed here.     

近十年我国虚拟企业知识管理研究进展

随着经济的迅速发展,技术进步突飞猛进,市场全球化加速,如今的企业面临着日益复杂的竞争环境,传统的企业模式已经无法适应这种变化莫测的竞争环境,于是虚拟企业应运而生,而知识管理可以说是虚拟企业赢得竞争的法宝。本文主要从虚拟企业知识管理的模型构建、系统开发、知识共享3个方面来介绍近十年我国虚拟企业知识管理的研究进展。     

基于设计事理学的农村家具设计研究——以湘中地区农村为例

设计事理学以＂事＂作为设计活动的起点,主张通过研究不同人在不同情境下的需求来确定设计的目标。通过分析湘中地区农村外部的＂事系统＂与具体情境,得出了适合该地区农村的家具设计特征,并进行了具体的设计实践。     

产学研合作培养创新人才培养效果影响机理

产学研合作是国家创新体系中的重要组成部分,在企业技术进步、高校科研发展、社会科技发展中发挥关键作用。本文探讨了产学研合作培养创新人才中的影响因素对合作培养创新人才效果的影响,以及合作培养过程的中介作用和创新环境的调节作用。选取环渤海地区的高校和高新企业的员工及其领导作为研究对象,通过发放调查问卷收集数据并进行实证分析。结果表明：产学研合作环境支持度、投入度和产出正向影响合作培养创新人才效果;产学研合作培养过程对合作培养影响因素与合作培养效果起部分中介作用;创新环境对二者的调节效应显著,即创新环境越优越,越利于提升合作培养创新人才的效果。     

重庆抗战文献资源建设的SWOT分析

从现代图书馆文献资源建设的角度看,抗战文献是民国文献资源中最核心的组成部分,也是历史与现实联系最紧密的颇具生命活力的历史文本载体。基于此,从企业战略管理视角,运用竞争情报SWOT分析模型,来分析重庆抗战文献资源建设的内部优势与劣势、外部机会与威胁等环境因素。     

公共图书馆生态管理策略生成模式研究

基于对公共图书馆生态管理内涵与维度的分析,以及对其管理策略功能和类型的把握,分析影响其策略生成的宏观环境和微观因素,分常规和危机两种模式探讨公共图书馆生态管理策略生成规律,以提升其策略层次和水平,改善其管理效率和效果。