Measuring elementary teacher stress and coping in the classroom: Validity evidence for the Classroom Appraisal of Resources and Demands

The Classroom Appraisal of Resources and Demands (CARD, elementary version) was used to investigate teacher stress among a sample of elementary teachers (n = 521). The CARD measures teacher stress by examining the subjective experience of both classroom demands and resources provided by the school, and thereby attempts to capture the situationally specific nature of teacher stress. This study attempted to examine whether the CARD can provide reliable and valid information that addresses the call by experts in the field of teacher stress research for measures that consider each teacher's specific occupational circumstances. Specifically, the factor structure of the CARD was supported empirically. Further evidence was offered for the construct and concurrent validity by correlations between CARD scales scores and other measures theoretically relevant to teacher well‐being: general health, teacher efficacy, self‐critical attitudes, and burnout symptoms. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

高师体育专业篮球普修课教学模式的选择与运用

高师体育专业篮球普修课教学长期采用传统运动技能教学模式,使学生处于被动地位,由教师单向灌输知识、技能的＂接受学习＂教学模式,不利于学生创新精神和实践能力的培养。文章通过对当前高师体育专业篮球普修课教学模式运用的现状进行分析,提出篮球普修课不同教学内容实施阶段,在选择和运用教学模式上的一些新思路,以望能为篮球普修课教学模式的选择与运用提供参考。     

国内开放式创新研究述评与趋势展望

[目的/意义]开放式创新在国家科技创新生态系统中正扮演着越来越重要的角色,对该领域的研究现状进行回顾和展望有助于反思不足、明晰发展方向,从而为相关研究提供借鉴和参考。[方法/过程]依据文献计量学方法,使用Bicomb和SPSS22.0对国内以"开放式创新"为篇名的572篇学术论文进行计量分析、关键词共词分析、聚类分析和多维尺度分析。[结果/结论]绘制了我国开放式创新的研究热点知识图谱,据此发现和解读了该领域的六大研究热点,并提出聚焦研究的微观视角、加强实证研究、挖掘开放式创新协同机制和关注开放式创新平台建设等4项建议。     

Measuring Physical Activity in Preschoolers: Reliability and Validity of the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time for Preschoolers (SOFIT-P)

The purpose of this study is describe the initial feasibility, reliability, and validity of an instrument to measure physical activity in preschoolers using direct observation. The System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time for Preschoolers was developed and tested among 3- to 6-year-old children over fall 2008 for feasibility and reliability (Phase I, n = 67) and in fall 2009 for concurrent validity (Phase II, n = 27). Phase I showed that preschoolers spent >75% of their active time at preschool in light physical activity. The mean inter-observer agreements scores were ≥.75 for physical activity level and type. Correlation coefficients, measuring construct validity between the lesson context and physical activity types with and with the activity levels, were moderately strong. Phase II showed moderately strong correlations ranging from .50 to .54 between the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time for Preschoolers and Actigraph accelerometers for physical activity levels. The System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time for Preschoolers shows promising initial results as a new method for measuring physical activity among preschoolers.     

计算网格QoS-aware作业调度的建模与性能评价

为了提高计算网格的服务质量(QoS),研究了包含多层调度器的分级分布式网格体系结构中的QoS-aware作业调度问题,提出了一种将计算网格本地调度器作业选择中所使用的作业优先级与全局调度器的作业分配策略相结合的QoS-aware作业调度综合控制策略.建立了一个具有2层调度器的计算网格的随机高级Petri网(SHLPN)模型,并且进行模型精化设计以降低模型求解的复杂性.使用基于SHLPN的性能分析技术进行系统性能评价.数值结果显示QoS-aware作业调度策略能够为高优先级的作业提供较QoS-unaware作业调度策略更好的QoS保证.     

论现代大学的文化品格

现代大学的文化品格是大学通过其文化构建所折射出的内在的价值观和精神意志。塑造现代大学文化品格的逻辑起点集中表现为大学所肩负的文化传承、生产与原创使命。大学以自身独特的方式融汇着多种先进文化 ,其文化品格主要由时代精神、科学精神、民主精神、人文精神和批判精神构成。现代大学文化品格的塑造需要坚持自由探究的科学精神 ,弘扬人文教育传统 ,重视“全人教育” ,尊重大学基本的学术权与管理权     

宠物养护与驯导专业学徒制教学改革的思路和实践——由强化班转变为学徒制班

在社会经济发展的不同时期,职业教育对人才培养要求也有所不同。为了适应社会对高技能人才的需求,“现代学徒制”已经引起了高等职业教育工作者的重视。文章通过畜牧兽医学院宠物养护与驯导专业教学改革——由最初的强化班转变为学徒制班的教学实践,总结经验,为宠物养护与驯导专业的教学改革及学徒制教学模式的建立提供借鉴。     

以人为本的开放实验室管理机制研究

以培养学生创新能力为主要目标,提出一个初步的开放实验室的管理机制,包括健全管理制度、搭建开放式实验室运行平台、探索实验教学管理模式等。     

English phonological awareness in bilinguals: a cross‐linguistic study of Tamil,Malay and Chinese English‐language learners

To test the lexical restructuring hypothesis among bilingual English‐language learners, English phonological awareness (PA), English vocabulary and ethnic language vocabulary (Mandarin Chinese, Malay or Tamil) were assessed among 284 kindergarteners (168 Chinese, 71 Malays and 45 Tamils) in Singapore. A multi‐level regression analysis showed that English vocabulary, in interaction with mother's education, statistically significantly predicted Singaporean children's PA; ethnic language vocabulary did not. Thus, the present study supports the lexical restructuring hypothesis that growth in vocabulary changes how lexical items are stored, leading to the development of PA. Home language practices, as represented by mother's education, may also enhance children's PA after a threshold of English vocabulary is reached. In addition, specific ethnic language (Chinese, Malay or Tamil) was a statistically significant predictor of PA, suggesting that orthographic depth as well as syllabic complexity of a bilingual's other language may influence their development of English PA.     

道德隐喻:道德研究的隐喻视角

人们往往用隐喻谈论复杂和抽象问题,对于道德,也可以从隐喻角度进行研究.道德隐喻的主要研究范式有语义分析范式、IAT范式、Stroop范式、语义启动范式和情境改变范式;道德隐喻的研究主题有道德隐喻的理论解释、道德隐喻表征的维度以及隐喻对道德判断的影响.今后,道德隐喻的研究方向是扩展道德隐喻研究的广度和深度、开展道德隐喻的中国化研究和挖掘道德隐喻研究的德育实践意义.