UpToDate versus DynaMed: a cross-sectional study comparing the speed and accuracy of two point-of-care information tools

Objective:To compare the accuracy, time to answer, user confidence, and user satisfaction between UpToDate and DynaMed (formerly DynaMed Plus), which are two popular point-of-care information tools.Methods:A crossover study was conducted with medical residents in obstetrics and gynecology and family medicine at the University of Toronto in order to compare the speed and accuracy with which they retrieved answers to clinical questions using UpToDate and DynaMed. Experiments took place between February 2017 and December 2019. Following a short tutorial on how to use each tool and completion of a background survey, participants attempted to find answers to two clinical questions in each tool. Time to answer each question, the chosen answer, confidence score, and satisfaction score were recorded for each clinical question.Results:A total of 57 residents took part in the experiment, including 32 from family medicine and 25 from obstetrics and gynecology. Accuracy in clinical answers was equal between UpToDate (average 1.35 out of 2) and DynaMed (average 1.36 out of 2). However, time to answer was 2.5 minutes faster in UpToDate compared to DynaMed. Participants were also more confident and satisfied with their answers in UpToDate compared to DynaMed.Conclusions:Despite a preference for UpToDate and a higher confidence in responses, the accuracy of clinical answers in UpToDate was equal to those in DynaMed. Previous exposure to UpToDate likely played a major role in participants'' preferences. More research in this area is recommended.     

环境管制与企业竞争力之间的关联机制研究

理论界对环境管制的争论从未停息,主要有两大流派：一种观点认为,严格的环境管制能够促进企业进行环境技术创新,进而开发出更好的环境友好型产品,进而促进企业竞争力的提升;另一种观点认为。环境防治及污染处理费用的额外支出,必然增加企业成本,从而影响企业的价格竞争优势,最终抑制了企业竞争力的提升。本文主要是围绕这两种观点的理论依据深入剖析他们的分歧所在。并结合当前的国际经济发展形势,提出企业未来发展的环境战略之路。     

普通高等学校扩建的经济学分析

本文分析了高等学校扩建中应考虑的若干经济问题，诸如办学成本、经济规模、扩建风险，并提出了合理建议，以保持高等教育的健康协调发展。     

国内开放式创新研究述评与趋势展望

[目的/意义]开放式创新在国家科技创新生态系统中正扮演着越来越重要的角色,对该领域的研究现状进行回顾和展望有助于反思不足、明晰发展方向,从而为相关研究提供借鉴和参考。[方法/过程]依据文献计量学方法,使用Bicomb和SPSS22.0对国内以"开放式创新"为篇名的572篇学术论文进行计量分析、关键词共词分析、聚类分析和多维尺度分析。[结果/结论]绘制了我国开放式创新的研究热点知识图谱,据此发现和解读了该领域的六大研究热点,并提出聚焦研究的微观视角、加强实证研究、挖掘开放式创新协同机制和关注开放式创新平台建设等4项建议。     

国内外网络舆情数学建模研究综述

互联网技术的发展及网络应用的普及使网络舆情成为当前一个热门的研究领域。众多学者从不同角度运用不同的数学方法对网络舆情进行了研究,取得了大量成果,涌现出大批文献。本文从数学建模的视角对部分国内外网络舆情的研究文献进行归类分析。按照网络舆情中不确定性因素的数学处理方法不同,将网络舆情数学建模的模型主要分为四类。即经典数学模型、随机数学模型、不确定数学模型、其它数学模型。结合现有网络舆情数学建模中存在的问题,本文对网络舆情相关研究的未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

论现代大学的文化品格

现代大学的文化品格是大学通过其文化构建所折射出的内在的价值观和精神意志。塑造现代大学文化品格的逻辑起点集中表现为大学所肩负的文化传承、生产与原创使命。大学以自身独特的方式融汇着多种先进文化 ,其文化品格主要由时代精神、科学精神、民主精神、人文精神和批判精神构成。现代大学文化品格的塑造需要坚持自由探究的科学精神 ,弘扬人文教育传统 ,重视“全人教育” ,尊重大学基本的学术权与管理权     

对"分层次教学"的认知

分层递进教学是体现“教适应学——选择——发展”教学理念的一种方略。本文将对分层递进教学的概念、提出、依据、哲理、类式和优势的认知阐明见解。     

陶瓷复合材料的发展及其应用

综述了复合材料的发展状况及其在材料领域中的重要性,特别是对陶瓷复合材料的产生、发展、增韧、制备和应用等方面的内容作了比较系统的阐述.     

English phonological awareness in bilinguals: a cross‐linguistic study of Tamil,Malay and Chinese English‐language learners

To test the lexical restructuring hypothesis among bilingual English‐language learners, English phonological awareness (PA), English vocabulary and ethnic language vocabulary (Mandarin Chinese, Malay or Tamil) were assessed among 284 kindergarteners (168 Chinese, 71 Malays and 45 Tamils) in Singapore. A multi‐level regression analysis showed that English vocabulary, in interaction with mother's education, statistically significantly predicted Singaporean children's PA; ethnic language vocabulary did not. Thus, the present study supports the lexical restructuring hypothesis that growth in vocabulary changes how lexical items are stored, leading to the development of PA. Home language practices, as represented by mother's education, may also enhance children's PA after a threshold of English vocabulary is reached. In addition, specific ethnic language (Chinese, Malay or Tamil) was a statistically significant predictor of PA, suggesting that orthographic depth as well as syllabic complexity of a bilingual's other language may influence their development of English PA.     

以人为本的开放实验室管理机制研究

以培养学生创新能力为主要目标,提出一个初步的开放实验室的管理机制,包括健全管理制度、搭建开放式实验室运行平台、探索实验教学管理模式等。