Semiconductor quantum computation

Semiconductors, a significant type of material in the information era, are becoming more and more powerful in the field of quantum information. In recent decades, semiconductor quantum computation was investigated thoroughly across the world and developed with a dramatically fast speed. The research varied from initialization, control and readout of qubits, to the architecture of fault-tolerant quantum computing. Here, we first introduce the basic ideas for quantum computing, and then discuss the developments of single- and two-qubit gate control in semiconductors. Up to now, the qubit initialization, control and readout can be realized with relatively high fidelity and a programmable two-qubit quantum processor has even been demonstrated. However, to further improve the qubit quality and scale it up, there are still some challenges to resolve such as the improvement of the readout method, material development and scalable designs. We discuss these issues and introduce the forefronts of progress. Finally, considering the positive trend of the research on semiconductor quantum devices and recent theoretical work on the applications of quantum computation, we anticipate that semiconductor quantum computation may develop fast and will have a huge impact on our lives in the near future.     

“额外努力”项目——英国提高贫困学生学习期望新举措

英国布朗政府针对来自低收入家庭的学生通常情况下在学校获得相对较低的学业成绩这一状况发布"额外努力"项目,项目聚焦于阻碍贫困学生在学校取得成功的低期望及贫困学生对教育产生怀疑的文化障碍,致力于确保学生和家长对教育的关注、参与和尊重;具体地提高学生的志向和抱负;培养贫困学生的未来生存能力;支持学生,不让一个贫困学生失败这四个方面.这一项目对我国解决农民工随读子女学业问题,使其在心理和行为上全方位地适应新学校的生活方面有极大的借鉴意义.     

高等数学中不等式证明的常用方法

不等式的证明是高等数学中教师和学生都感到比较困难的问题,研究不等式的证明方法对提高教学质量和学生学习效率有十分重要的意义。     

浅析“那”的虚化现象

从《现代汉语词典》对"那"的解释中可以看出,"那"属于实词范畴。但它也有实词虚化的现象。基于此,本文旨在通过对"那"在北大语料库中的语料进行定量分析,希望能够弄明白"那"虚化时的表现形式、语义及语体特征。     

中国国家图书馆与俄罗斯国立图书馆公共服务比较研究

从服务对象、公共服务等方面对俄罗斯国立图书馆和中国国家图书馆进行对比与分析,旨在为国家图书馆更好地开展读者服务提供借鉴。     

让哑孩子找回他的声音——当今新诗声音缺失的原因及解决方案

诗歌曾经是我国艺术花园中的一朵奇葩,它以独特的魅力创造了一个又一个的辉煌时代。然而,就在我们这样的年代,诗歌却成了一种奢侈品,他逐渐脱离大众走向边缘,成了一个哑孩子。找寻新诗声音缺失的原因,探求其解决方案,让哑孩子重新歌唱起来。     

21世纪初美、英、日三国幼儿教育体制改革的比较及其启示

21世纪初美、英、日三国幼儿教育体制改革在呈现出幼儿教育机构类型多样化、行政管理整合化和质量管理规范化等共性特征的同时,也表现出幼儿教育机构数量增长状况不同、类型多样化程度不同和质量管理方法不同等差异.造成三国幼儿教育体制改革异同的原因主要有经济发展、社会变化、全球化和文化传统等.三国幼儿教育体制改革的经验对我国有启示意义.     

对我国学前融合教育的思考

当前,我国的学前融合教育日益受到关注,但整体发展水平不高,发展速度缓慢.因为至少涉及幼儿园的实际困难、师资培养滞后、宏观支持系统不完善等方面.借鉴国外开展学前融合教育的务实做法和多部门协作的经验,我们可以尝试在幼儿园创建资源教室,争取专业人员组成固定团队开展巡回服务,以期在现有条件下自下而上地推动学前融合教育的发展.     

Assessing the Psychometric Properties of the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form in Mainland China

This investigation tested the psychometric properties of the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form (ATSPPH-SF; Fisher and Farina [Journal of College Student Development, 36, 368–373, 1995]) in a sample of 338 Mainland Chinese college students. Using back-translation, the ATSPPH-SF was translated into simplified Chinese. Confirmatory factor analysis did not support the original one-factor model. Subsequently, exploratory factor analysis suggested a 7-item, two-factor model; however, the new factor structure yielded poor reliability coefficients, below .60. Results suggest that the help-seeking construct as operationalized by the ATSPPH-SF may not be valid for the Chinese population. The importance of designing indigenous instruments for help-seeking attitudes is discussed.