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21.
Nomographs for determining the filter order of classical filters based on selectivity requirements are presented. The selectivities for a variety of standard classical filters are summarized in equation form and the general selectivity nomograph is constructed. The selectivity equations are then converted into nomograph form by applying the relationship between the transfer function and the response slope. Design examples are presented to demonstrate the usefulness of the selectivity nomographs. These nomographs can be used to gauge filter performance and combined with optimization techniques can yield superior classical filter designs. 相似文献
22.
Many children have significant mathematical learning disabilities (MLD, or dyscalculia) despite adequate schooling. The current study hypothesizes that MLD partly results from a deficiency in the Approximate Number System (ANS) that supports nonverbal numerical representations across species and throughout development. In this study of 71 ninth graders, it is shown that students with MLD have significantly poorer ANS precision than students in all other mathematics achievement groups (low, typically, and high achieving), as measured by psychophysical assessments of ANS acuity (w) and of the mappings between ANS representations and number words (cv). This relation persists even when controlling for domain-general abilities. Furthermore, this ANS precision does not differentiate low-achieving from typically achieving students, suggesting an ANS deficit that is specific to MLD. 相似文献
23.
Norbert Nikièma 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2011,38(2):599-616
This paper documents the new trend towards a first-language-first multilingual model in formal education in three former French
colonies of West Africa, namely Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger. It compares the sociolinguistic situations, the conditions of
the development of multilingual education and the achievements of mother-tongue-medium education in all three countries. The
evidence is that, contrary to common discourse in francophonie, a strong first-language-first model in formal education is the best guarantee of a good mastery of French and, more generally,
of quality education in francophone countries. 相似文献
24.
Donna Cross Helen Monks Marg Hall Thérèse Shaw Yolanda Pintabona Erin Erceg Greg Hamilton Clare Roberts Stacey Waters Leanne Lester 《British Educational Research Journal》2011,37(1):105-129
A group randomized controlled trial tested the efficacy of the Friendly Schools program to reduce student bullying behaviour. This socio‐ecological intervention targeted the whole school, classroom, family, and individual students to reduce bullying behaviour. Self‐report data were collected in 29 schools over three years from a cohort of 1968 eight to nine‐year‐olds. Surveys measured frequency of being bullied, bullying others, telling if bullied and observing bullying. Results indicate that intervention students were significantly less likely to observe bullying at 12, 24 and 36 months and be bullied after 12 and 36 months, and significantly more likely to tell if bullied after 12 months than comparison students. No differences were found for self‐reported perpetration of bullying. The findings suggest whole‐of‐school programs that engage students in their different social contexts appear to reduce their experiences of being bullied and increase their likelihood of telling someone if they are bullied. 相似文献
25.
Objective
Psychological maltreatment (PM) is the most prevalent form of child abuse, and is the core component of most of what is considered as child maltreatment. The aim of this work was to explore differential adverse outcomes of the different types of PM in the mental health and functioning of children living in homes in which they are exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV).Method
Participants were 168 children, aged between 4 and 17, whose mothers experienced IPV. They were assessed using different measures of psychopathology and functioning: Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-IV, Child Behavior Checklists and Child and Adolescent Functioning Assessment Scale. Furthermore, IPV was assessed with the Schedule for Assessment of Intimate Partner Violence Exposure in Children and the Index of Spouse Abuse. Statistical analyses were carried out with regression models adjusted by means of Generalized Estimating Equations.Results
Spurning was the PM subtype with the greatest global effect on the children, as it was significantly associated with internalizing and externalizing problems. Denying emotional responsiveness specifically increased the risk of internalizing psychopathology and impairment in the emotional area. Terrorizing was not significantly associated with a greater number of negative outcomes in children's psychopathology or functioning in this population.Implications
The results suggest the importance of taking PM types into account in order to fully understand the problems of children exposed to IPV at home, and for the design of effective treatment and prevention programs. 相似文献26.
Anthony Bigot Claude Chrisment Taoufiq Dkaki Gilles Hubert Josiane Mothe 《Information Retrieval》2011,14(6):617-648
To evaluate Information Retrieval Systems on their effectiveness, evaluation programs such as TREC offer a rigorous methodology
as well as benchmark collections. Whatever the evaluation collection used, effectiveness is generally considered globally,
averaging the results over a set of information needs. As a result, the variability of system performance is hidden as the
similarities and differences from one system to another are averaged. Moreover, the topics on which a given system succeeds
or fails are left unknown. In this paper we propose an approach based on data analysis methods (correspondence analysis and
clustering) to discover correlations between systems and to find trends in topic/system correlations. We show that it is possible
to cluster topics and systems according to system performance on these topics, some system clusters being better on some topics.
Finally, we propose a new method to consider complementary systems as based on their performances which can be applied for
example in the case of repeated queries. We consider the system profile based on the similarity of the set of TREC topics
on which systems achieve similar levels of performance. We show that this method is effective when using the TREC ad hoc collection. 相似文献
27.
28.
Mazon Cécile Etchegoyhen Kattalin Saint-Supery Isabeau Amestoy Anouck Bouvard Manuel Consel Charles Sauzéon Hélène 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2022,70(1):231-262
Educational technology research and development - In recent years, many psycho-educational technologies were studied to address the school-related difficulties encountered by students with autism... 相似文献
29.
Steve Masson Patrice Potvin Martin Riopel Lorie‐Marlène Brault Foisy 《Mind, Brain, and Education》2014,8(1):44-55
Science education studies have revealed that students often have misconceptions about how nature works, but what happens to misconceptions after a conceptual change remains poorly understood. Are misconceptions rejected and replaced by scientific conceptions, or are they still present in students' minds, coexisting with newly acquired scientific conceptions? In this study, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to compare brain activation between novices and experts in science when they evaluate the correctness of simple electric circuits. Results show that experts, more than novices, activate brain areas involved in inhibition when they evaluate electric circuits in which a bulb lights up, even though there is only one wire connecting it to the battery. These findings suggest that experts may still have a misconception encoded in the neural networks of their brains that must be inhibited in order to answer scientifically. 相似文献
30.