The New Faces of Fairness

For most of the 20th century, measurement professionals paid little interest to item and test fairness. A confluence of events in the late 1960s and early 1970s led to an intense interest in fairness issues among measurement professionals. In spite of more than 30 years of effort, there is still no generally accepted definition of fairness with respect to testing and no measure that can prove or disprove the fairness of a test. To advance the fairness of tests, measurement professionals must pay more attention to reducing group differences at the design stage of test development, to providing all examinees an opportunity to demonstrate their knowledge and skills, to deterring test misuse, and to accommodating differences among individuals.     

Due diligence: Recognizing the role of patent research in the start-up life cycle

ABSTRACT

This article examines the role that business librarians can play in conveying the importance of thorough patent research in the start-up life cycle. It provides a summary of the components of the start-up life cycle and due diligence research as it pertains to entrepreneurs and venture capitalists. An overview of patent research resources and locations is provided, with particular focus on PatentsView, a web-based patent data visualization and analysis tool.     

“双一流”背景下地方高校操作系统课程教学改革研究

在“双一流”建设的大背景下,以提高教学质量,培养地方应用型高级专业人才为出发点,以成果或产出导向（OBE）教育理念为指导,针对计算机类专业操作系统课程进行教学改革。通过精心组织课程教学内容,采用线上线下混合教学模式,实施科学课程评价,并将课程思政教育融入专业教学全过程,以此构建地方高校操作系统一流课程。教学实践证明,学生学习效果稳步提升,教学质量进一步提高。     

大学生体育休闲娱乐教育探析

随着学校体育改革的深入,如何加强对大学生体育休闲娱乐教育已经成为体育工作者极为关注的问题.本文简述了我国普通高校大学生体育休闲娱乐活动现状,阐明了大学生开展体育休闲娱乐活动的意义,并提出加强大学生体育休闲娱乐教育的必要性.     

论武术与小康社会

武术是中华民族传统体育项目，而小康社会是我国社会主义现代化建设中一个重要的历程。本通过对武术与小康社会的关系，武术对全面建设小康社会的作用和社会价值等论述，说明了武术的开展和小康社会的建设具有相互融合，相互促进的功效。     

Superintendents' Perceptions of 1:1 Initiative Implementation and Sustainability

One of the fastest growing, most discussed, and most expensive technology initiatives over the last decade has been one-to-one (1:1) computing initiatives. The purpose of this study was to examine key factors that influenced implementing and sustaining 1:1 computing initiatives from the perspective of school superintendents. Nine superintendents of established 1:1 programs were interviewed, and findings identified five themes for successful implementation and sustainability of 1:1 initiatives. (Keywords: 1:1 schools, school technology leadership, 1:1 implementation)     

Relationships in the workplace: Doing what comes naturally?

In this paper I explore the connection between workplace relationships and teacher development. Using a conceptual framework built on Brim and Wheeler's (1966) ideas on self-socialization and Erickson's (1963) theory of psychosocial development I draw on information gathered in year one of a 2-year qualitative study of teacher socialization to explore the following questions: With whom do beginning teachers form relationships in their new professional contexts? What is the nature of these relationships? What functions do they serve? Are some relationships more important at some times than others? How do certain relationships facilitate or constrain the various aspects of teacher development? Can facilitating relationships be contrived? Can contrived relationships be facilitating? And, finally, what role does context play in all of this?The focus on relationships grows out of a need to understand better the role of the “other” in the professional growth process. By examining information gathered through conversations with 13 new teachers I will uncover and explore some of the issues pertaining to professional relationship formation and development particularly in relation to teacher socialization and the psychosocial aspects of teacher development. These insights will be used as a basis for a discussion of formalized induction programs which feature forms of institutionally imposed collaborative arrangements. Drawing on some of the recent work on teacher culture and collegiality (Hargreaves, 1990; Little, 1990; Rosenholtz, 1987, 1989), Barth's (1990) ideas on school improvement through the creation of a “community of learners”, and on Noddings' (1986) and Gherke's (1987) notions on the building of caring and helping communities, I will discuss the limitations of some of the recent trends in professional development for new teachers. I will recommend an alternative approach to new teacher induction, one that takes into account the individuality of the teacher, the school culture, and the socialization process. In essence, I will argue for a “natural” and integrated approach to teacher induction.     

A Note on the Use of Mixture Models for Individual Prediction

Mixture models capture heterogeneity in data by decomposing the population into latent subgroups, each of which is governed by its own subgroup-specific set of parameters. Despite the flexibility and widespread use of these models, most applications have focused solely on making inferences for whole or subpopulations, rather than individual cases. This article presents a general framework for computing marginal and conditional predicted values for individuals using mixture model results. These predicted values can be used to characterize covariate effects, examine the fit of the model for specific individuals, or forecast future observations from previous ones. Two empirical examples are provided to demonstrate the usefulness of individual predicted values in applications of mixture models. The first example examines the relative timing of initiation of substance use using a multiple event process survival mixture model, whereas the second example evaluates changes in depressive symptoms over adolescence using a growth mixture model.     

Behavior-Based Student Typology: A View from Student Transition from High School to College

Research in Higher Education - Several recent studies have successfully identified college student typologies based on individuals’ behaviors. One limitation of past studies has been their...