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871.
This paper focuses on the potential of mental simulation (mentally rehearsing an action to enhance performance) as a useful
contemporary educational method. By means of a meta-review, it is examined which conditions impede or facilitate the effectiveness
of mental simulation (MS). A computer search was conducted using Ovid PsycINFO. Reviews, meta-reviews, or meta-analyses published
between 1806 and 2006 were included. The current paper presents the results of ten publications in which about 630 studies
on mental simulation or mental practice are reviewed. According to the analyses, conditions that influence the effect of MS
are the type of skill practiced, personal factors, time per trial, amount of trials, and instructional procedures. Based on
these insights, it is reflected upon in which areas MS would be functional with regard to contemporary educational demands,
such as for emotional, behavioral, and (other) complex cognitive tasks. 相似文献
872.
Wondimu Ahmed Alexander Minnaert Hans Kuyper Greetje van der Werf 《Learning and individual differences》2012,22(3):385-389
The present study examined the reciprocal relationships between self-concept and anxiety in mathematics. A sample of 495 grade 7 students (51% girls) completed self-report measures assessing self-concept and anxiety three times in a school year. Structural equation modeling was used to test a cross-lagged panel model of reciprocal effects between math self-concept and math anxiety. The analysis showed a reciprocal relationship between self-concept and anxiety in math (i.e., higher self-concept leads to lower anxiety, which in turn, leads to higher self-concept). However, the magnitude of the path from anxiety to self-concept is almost half of that from self-concept to anxiety. Overall, the results provide empirical support for the theoretical notion that math self-concept and math anxiety are reciprocally related. 相似文献
873.
Sylvia P. van Borkulo Wouter R. van Joolingen Elwin R. Savelsbergh Ton de Jong 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2012,21(2):267-275
Computer modeling has been widely promoted as a means to attain higher order learning outcomes. Substantiating these benefits,
however, has been problematic due to a lack of proper assessment tools. In this study, we compared computer modeling with
expository instruction, using a tailored assessment designed to reveal the benefits of either mode of instruction. The assessment
addresses proficiency in declarative knowledge, application, construction, and evaluation. The subscales differentiate between
simple and complex structure. The learning task concerns the dynamics of global warming. We found that, for complex tasks,
the modeling group outperformed the expository group on declarative knowledge and on evaluating complex models and data. No
differences were found with regard to the application of knowledge or the creation of models. These results confirmed that
modeling and direct instruction lead to qualitatively different learning outcomes, and that these two modes of instruction
cannot be compared on a single “effectiveness measure”. 相似文献
874.
875.
Philip Vahey Ken Rafanan Charles Patton Karen Swan Mark van ’t Hooft Annette Kratcoski Tina Stanford 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2012,81(2):179-205
The Thinking with Data project (TWD) expands on current notions of data literacy by (1) focusing on proportional reasoning as key to data literacy and (2) leveraging the non-mathematics disciplines to engage students in deep thinking about the context of data and the application of proportionality. A set of four 2-week, sequential modules for cross-disciplinary implementation in seventh-grade classrooms was designed and evaluated. Using a quasi-experimental approach, we found that student data literacy was increased through the focused integration of social studies, mathematics, science, and English language arts. In this article, we describe our theoretical approach to designing and implementing the modules, report on student learning gains in mathematics, and describe teacher reactions to the materials. In sum, our study provides evidence that the TWD approach has the potential to build data literacy while also allowing students to learn core discipline-based content standards. 相似文献
876.
In this study it is investigated what student responses teachers expect in particular teacher behaviour vignettes, and whether experience and gender produce differences in expectations. Teacher behaviour vignettes were presented to teachers (N = 46), who described the student responses they anticipated. Anticipated student responses were then rated on their level of control and affiliation. Results indicated teachers' expectations were indeed complementary except for hostile vignettes, where teachers expected more submissive responses than other populations. There were no significant differences as a result of experience, however, female teachers expected friendlier responses than male teachers in friendly as well as in hostile vignettes. 相似文献
877.
878.
Learners’ feelings of social connectedness may be a key factor in predicting online course success. However, students attempting to perceive and process the social context in online courses often find themselves engaging in unfamiliar, technology-mediated communication channels. While there have been several empirically based strategies published for creating and maintaining social connectedness online, presently there are no validated instruments available to evaluate the success or failure of the pedagogical methods employed. This article reports on the development and initial technical validation of the Social Perceptions in Learning Contexts Instrument (SPLCI), a research tool for measuring students’ perception of social connectedness with participants in online courses. Findings demonstrated strong validity and reliability evidence that collectively supports continued development of the SPLCI. 相似文献
879.
880.
Jolanda Roose Wouter R. de Vries Sandor L. Schmikli Frank J.G. Backx Lorenz J.P. van Doornen 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):756-764
Overtraining (OT) as a sports phenomenon can be caused by stressors on various levels (physical, emotional, psychological, and social) and evokes responses on these levels. This study evaluated research and new opportunities in the field of OT by introducing an integrated multidisciplinary approach, based on the single and multistressors approach. The single stressor approach focuses on the training load-recovery imbalance, which results in a stagnating performance, excluding the etiology by nonsport-related factors. The multistressors approach includes all factors as relevant in the etiology of a stagnating performance. In future studies on OT, an integrative approach should not only highlight changes in training regimes and specific responses to training stressors but also focus on the role of training-related recovery, the impact of stressors, and personality factors influencing stress appraisal. This will provide a better insight into the etiology and consequences of OT, necessary for prevention and treatment in sport practice, and enhance the focus on adequate recovery (good sleep, sufficient rest periods) and athletes' stress-related responses. 相似文献