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51.
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Charles F. Flaherty Patricia S. Grigson Cynthia Coppotelli Colin Mitchell 《Learning & behavior》1996,24(1):68-81
Intake of a 0.15% saccharin solution was suppressed when it was followed by a 32% sucrose solution in brief daily pairings. With equal access durations to the two solutions, intervals of intermediate duration (2 or 3 min) produced a larger contrast than more extreme intervals (1 or 10 min). There was no evidence of inhibition of delay with the 10-min interval (Experiments 1A and 1B). When access times were asymmetrical, longer access time to the first solution reduced contrast, whereas longer access time to the second solution enhanced contrast (Experiment 2). Contrast was greater when the two solutions were presented at consistent and separate spatial locations than when location was changed randomly or when both solutions were presented in sequence at the same location. However, a degree of contrast occurred in all conditions (Experiment 3). Experiment 4, conducted with the solutions in opposite arms of a T-maze, showed that anticipatory approach to the location correlated with the 32% sucrose solution developed prior to lick suppression on the saccharin solution. However, within daily sessions, there was a reliable increase in contrast without correlated changes in anticipatory-approach behavior. Access-time effects were attributed to altered reward values, whereas spatial-separation effects suggest that goal-directed responses contribute to, but do not cause, anticipatory contrast. 相似文献
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An earlier exploratory study (Chong, 1991) suggest that a collaborative style of principalship is expected to emerge from the mentoring process. This paper highlights aspects of the environment of school management in Singapore which are beginning to support this emerging style that future principals are learning to adopt. It also identifies some possible areas for further research. Implications for policy and management are discussed. Mentoring episodes in Singapore could provide a unique opportunity for research that explicate a theory of morphogenesis. 相似文献
55.
Student beliefs and cognitive structure 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Colin Gauld 《Research in Science Education》1987,17(1):87-93
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Colin R Boylan 《The Australian Educational Researcher》2005,32(2):49-63
School councils have operated successfully in non-government schools for many years. By contrast, the establishment of school
councils in the government school sector has had a much shorter history. In New South Wales, school council members are elected
representatives of the broader school community. This study focused on government schools in rural areas of southern New South
Wales and specifically examined the professional development and training needs of these school council members. The findings
indicated that school council members expressed concern about their inexperience as council members. Further, they identified
the following areas within which they should specifically seek professional development and training: i) identifying and analysing
the educational needs of the school and its community; ii) enhancing and facilitating better communication between the school
and its community; iii) assisting the principal to understand local community politics; and iv) promoting public education
within the local community. These priority training needs have relevance for policy makers and professional development leaders
at the systemic or departmental level. 相似文献
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Colin Flood Page 《高等教育研究与发展》1984,3(1):3-12
This article considers, from the point of view of an experienced staff developer, several aspects of tertiary education. It touches on the question of whether teachers are born and not made; some reasons for refusing to learn about learning; the continuing grip of the Middle Ages; the possibility of reorganisation so that students are dealt with as individuals and not in batches; the magic force of numbers; amateurs versus professionals in teaching and research; subject cultures; and the unique and parlous situation of many staff developers. 相似文献
59.
Turkey’s Anadolu University is one of the world’s largest mega‐universities. It is engaged in strategic planning in response to changes in the expectations of the Turkish Higher Education Council and the community at large. In re‐examining its vision and strategic directions, Anadolu University needs to be informed on the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of its teaching staff, and the systems and support needed to assure their change readiness. This article examines the literature of organizational and educational change and its implications for the university. It reports on a study based on the relevant constructs from the literature and is designed to gauge the extent and nature of teaching staff knowledge, skills, practice, and research in educational and technological change, motivating and de‐motivating factors, change adopter types, and perceptions of the organizational climate for change. It considers the implications of these findings and draws conclusions about what would be needed to improve staff readiness for change. 相似文献
60.