教师角色转换中内涵性特征的缺失与补救

教师角色具有理念性、系统性、实践性、主体性、创造性等内涵性特征。教师角色内涵性特征的缺失,导致教师角色转换过程中呈现出角色转换混乱无序、线性模式、工具性取向角色转换行动被动滞后等现象。为此,亟需加强教师角色转换的系统引控,关注教师角色转换的行动体验,促成教师角色转换的反思习惯,凝炼教师角色转换的创新内核,搭建彰显教师个体生命价值的平台。     

完善我国义务教育投入制度的思考

我国现行义务教育投入存在着总量不足和区域发展不均衡等问题,调整投入格局,是解决我国义务教育投入问题的关键所在。应科学设计教育投入制度,变分项目、按比例、分级负担为分项目、分级负责,重新划定属于国家责任的义务教育事权,重新界定中央、省、地、县四级义务教育的投入责任体制。     

教师专业性向与教师专业发展

教师专业性向是适合教育工作的人格特征和成功从事教育工作的基本能力,是教师发展的心理与素质基础,是教师专业发展的重要内容和新领域,同时也是教师专业发展研究的对象。从总体上看,在教师专业发展上,对知识和技能的重视在历史上影响一直很大,表现在专业发展的内容方面,强调教师知识的更新和增加以及技能的提高,而对于教师素质结构中涉及人格特征等深层内容则有所忽视。应加强对教师专业性向的研究,以丰富教师专业发展理论,促进教师专业发展的实践。     

The tortoise and the hare enigma in e-transformation in Japanese and Korean higher education

Japan and Korea have highly developed information and communications technology infrastructures and have recently reformed their higher education systems and encouraged e-transformation. However, Japanese universities have not embraced e-learning as wholeheartedly as their Korean counterparts. The paper concludes that this is due to governmental and institutional failure to develop a cogent vision and strategic plan for e-learning, to recognise the need for fundamental shifts in organisational cultures and structures and pedagogy and to provide training, funding, recognition and reward for such development. It attributes this to differences in the cultural perspectives, values and customs of the two countries' policy makers, managers and faculty members. The findings are seen to hold important lessons for other countries embarking on e-transformation.     

Anticipatory contrast as a function of access time and spatial location

Intake of a 0.15% saccharin solution was suppressed when it was followed by a 32% sucrose solution in brief daily pairings. With equal access durations to the two solutions, intervals of intermediate duration (2 or 3 min) produced a larger contrast than more extreme intervals (1 or 10 min). There was no evidence of inhibition of delay with the 10-min interval (Experiments 1A and 1B). When access times were asymmetrical, longer access time to the first solution reduced contrast, whereas longer access time to the second solution enhanced contrast (Experiment 2). Contrast was greater when the two solutions were presented at consistent and separate spatial locations than when location was changed randomly or when both solutions were presented in sequence at the same location. However, a degree of contrast occurred in all conditions (Experiment 3). Experiment 4, conducted with the solutions in opposite arms of a T-maze, showed that anticipatory approach to the location correlated with the 32% sucrose solution developed prior to lick suppression on the saccharin solution. However, within daily sessions, there was a reliable increase in contrast without correlated changes in anticipatory-approach behavior. Access-time effects were attributed to altered reward values, whereas spatial-separation effects suggest that goal-directed responses contribute to, but do not cause, anticipatory contrast.     

Towards graduate employment: exploring student identity through a university-wide employability project

Students have expectations of their university education leading to graduate careers, with universities investing considerable resources in institution-wide initiatives designed to enhance opportunities for student work placements and work-related learning. However, there are large variations between courses and disciplines in student uptake of these opportunities, with limited evidence explaining why this might be the case. Recognising recent approaches which consider student identity in transitions, this study explored student attitudes to work-related learning across a range of subject disciplines. The first phase of the study used in-class surveys (N = 199) to focus on students’ self-identification and perceptions of employability initiatives. Follow-up interviews were conducted to further explore themes emerging in the survey data. The study found that, while some students drew on resources for identity work in their recognition of and approach to work-related learning, access was limited, and university resources were not always recognised or effective. The findings have implications for the design of effective graduate employability initiatives.