Male-Female Differences in SAT-Verbal Ability Among Students of High SAT-Mathematical Ability

It has been suggested that females who score extremely high on the mathematical portions of the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) do so because they have very high verbal skills, whereas some males score extremely high on the mathematical portion despite their relatively low verbal skills. This hypothesis was investigated with data from two SAT administrations by comparing the conditional distributions of SAT-Verbal (SAT-V), given SAT-Mathematical (SAT-M), for males and females. Evidence for and against the hypothesis was observed. As implied by the hypothesis, the males had lower conditional SAT-V mean scores. However, in contradiction to the hypothesis, the males did not have greater conditional variances of SAT-V given SAT-M.     

Changes in Myocardial Mass Associated with Age and Stress: Reexamination of Ventricular Hypertrophy

Abstract

Hearts from 126 male Sprague-Dawley rats (two age groups) were studied to determine effects of age, chronic hypoxia, and exercise on ventricular weight. Exercised rats had significantly heavier absolute total ventricular weights (right plus left) compared with chronically hypoxic or control rats. Whether expressed as absolute or percent total ventricular weight, chronically hypoxic rats had significantly larger right ventricles but significantly smaller left ventricles than exercised or control rats. Expressed as absolute weight, older rats (11 months) had significantly larger right or left ventricles than young rats (3 months). Expressed as percent total ventricular weight, young rats had left ventricles 4% smaller, but right ventricles 4% larger than older rats (p <.05). Type of work overload (volume or pressure) and functional location of workload (pulmonary or systemic) were suggested physiological mechanisms for stress- and age-related changes in myocardial mass.     

Topics and Features of Academic Medical Library Tutorials

ABSTRACT

In a 2007 study, librarians at the University of South Carolina School of Medicine Library examined freely available online tutorials on academic medical library Web sites. The team identified tutorial topics, determined common design features, and assessed elements of active learning in library-created tutorials; the team also generated a list of third-party tutorials to which medical libraries link. This article updates the earlier study, describing changes and trends in tutorial content and design on medical libraries' Web sites; the project team plans to continue to track trends in tutorial development by repeating this study annually.     

Conceptualisations of disability and inclusion: perspectives of educators of young children

This grounded theory study explores beliefs about disability and inclusion from the perspectives of educators of young children in their respective roles as elementary school teachers and early childhood educators, in Ontario, Canada. The social relational model described by Reindal is used as a theoretical framework for interviews with four educators. The interview data provide a theory of educators' beliefs and show the relationship of the beliefs to their practice. Implications based on the theory are presented for both policy and professional development.     

Teaching Master's and Doctoral Social Work Students to Systematically Evaluate Evidence-Based Interventions

Evidence-based research relevant to social work practice has grown dramatically. This article describes a method that was implemented to teach master's and doctoral social work students how to synthesize and evaluate evidence-based interventions for social work–related problems and populations. The method includes eight steps: conceptualize the problem and define the research question(s); conduct a systematic search; define study inclusion and exclusion criteria; identify and categorize types of interventions and outcomes; rate the studies' methodological rigor; determine outcome attainment; combine outcome attainment and study rigor, and compare the evidence across studies. Two examples are presented of the implementation of this approach along with a discussion of the challenges and limitations.