FINANCIAL PLANNING FOR RETIREMENT: AN IMPERATIVE FOR BABY BOOMER WOMEN

The baby boomer generation is quickly moving to the time of retirement. Signs point to the need for boomers to assume more responsibility for their financial security in retirement. In general, older women today do not have the financial resources that men do and are poorer in retirement. Conditions seem to be pointing to the fact that boomer women are moving in that direction as well. However, women seem to prepare less for retirement. This article looks at some of the reasons for women's lack of planning and saving for financial security in retirement. Economic and psychosocial reasons that contribute to this lack of preparation are examined, and some recommendations for change are suggested.     

Theodore Brameld's culturological vision: profile of a reconstructionist

Theodore Brameld was a visionary philosopher of education and a prophetic reconstructionist. He devoted his career to reconceptualizing education so it could serve as an agent in building a democratic social order. He saw education as grounded in culture; its study required a partnership among anthropology, philosophy, and education, from which he defined philosophy as an effort of culture to become conscious of itself and undertake sustained explorations of the relationship between education and culture. As a methodological framework Brameld formulated and practised the theory of anthropotherapy whereby research is guided by normative consideration.     

STRESS AND BURNOUT: CONCERNS FOR THE HOSPICE VOLUNTEER

Although the literature contains numerous references to stress and burnout within the professional staffs of hospice programs, little has been written about stress among hospice volunteers. This article explores this issue by examining what the literature has to say about significant stressors and appropriate strategies for coping with stress and burnout. Implications for work with and the training of hospice volunteers are suggested. A number of research questions also are suggested.     

Confronting Free Market Romanticism: Health Care Reform in the Least Likely Place

Health policy experts long have argued that a combination of budgetary constraints, lack of legislative expertise, and parochial attitudes make it unlikely that the U.S. states will contribute significantly to health care reform. This is particularly true of states like Texas, which ranks last or near-to-last in virtually every measure of public health, and is dominated by conservative politics and libertarian, free market ideology. Yet, in 1997 the Texas legislature enacted the first Patient's Bill of Rights. This article examines the political and rhetorical processes that led to successful reform, and discusses the implications that success in "the least likely place" holds for the making of health care policy.     

Sodium bicarbonate ingestion does not alter the slow component of oxygen uptake kinetics in professional cyclists

We examined the effects of pre-exercise sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) ingestion on the slow component of oxygen uptake (VO2) kinetics in seven professional road cyclists during intense exercise. One hour after ingesting either a placebo or NaHCO3 (0.3 g x kg body mass(-1)), each cyclist (age, 25 +/- 2 years; VO2max, 74.7 +/- 5.9 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1); mean +/- s) performed two bouts of 6 min duration at an intensity of 90% VO2max interspersed by 8 min of active recovery. Gas exchange and blood data (pH, blood lactate concentration and [HCO3-]) were collected during the tests. In both bouts, the slow component of VO2 was defined as the difference between end-exercise VO2 and the VO2 at the end of the third minute. No significant difference was found in the slow component of VO2 between conditions in the first (NaHCO3, 210 +/- 69 ml; placebo, 239 +/- 105 ml) or second trial (NaHCO3, 123 +/- 88 ml; placebo, 197 +/- 101 ml). In conclusion, pre-exercise NaHCO3 ingestion did not significantly attenuate the VO2 slow component of professional road cyclists during high-intensity exercise.     

The new revisionists and the history of U.S. higher education

This paper presents the traditional history of the development of higher education in the United States, especially during the nineteenth century, and then examines at the findings of the new revisionist historians regarding the content of the curriculum, the mode of instruction, the believed theory of learning, the quality of college leadership, and their egalitarianism. While the revisionists' evidence discredits some of the traditional interpretation of events, some of their data are questionable and some of their methods are found wanting. This paper focuses on the implications of the disparities and advances a thesis.