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81.
82.
Jianping Shen Van E. Cooley Patricia Reeves Walter L. Burt Lisa Ryan J. Mark Rainey Wenhui Yuan 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2010,56(4):435-456
In response to the vast amounts of data associated with the accountability movement and the rhetoric of data-informed decision-making, we interviewed 16 principals to find out what streams of data they used and what decisions they made by using the data. We found that: (a) student achievement data are predominantly used to the extent of neglecting other streams of data such as student and community background data and school process data; (b) student achievement data are used more for accountability purposes—for assessing “of” rather than “for” the learning; (c) different streams of data are rarely used together to derive rich meaning for decision-making; and (d) school districts differ in the extent to which their principals use data to improve curriculum and instruction. The study pointed both to the challenges and to the opportunities of making data-informed decisions to improve our schools. 相似文献
83.
Barbara Houbre Cyril Tarquinio Jean-Baptiste Lanfranchi 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2010,25(1):105-123
Bullying between students in the school setting is an increasing problem. Bullying can be defined as any form of repeated
mental or physical violence carried out by one or several individuals on a person who is not capable of defending himself
(Roland and Idsoe, Aggress Behav 27:446–462, 2001). The aim of this paper is to observe the expression of self-concept and adjustment strategies developed by children subject
to this kind of violence. Five hundred twenty-four students between the ages of 8 and 12 (m = 9.44) participated in the longitudinal study. Two measurements were made during the same school year at an interval of
6 months. The results show that the student victims of bullying present weaker self-conceptions than the control group. Recourse
to avoidance strategies would be dominant among student victims of bullying. Moreover, recourse to “avoidance” type strategies
would lead to an increase in the frequency of bullying while recourse to “approach”-type strategies would lead to a reduction
in it. Furthermore, it would seem that recourse to avoidance strategies at T1 lowers the student’s self-concepts at T2. The
opposite effect is observed with the approach strategies. These different results emphasize the necessity to establish prevention
programs which allow an intervention simultaneously on the level of the school, the family, and the student. 相似文献
84.
Norehan Zulkiply John McLeanJennifer S. Burt Debra Bath 《Learning and Instruction》2012,22(3):215-221
It is an established finding that spacing repetitions generally facilitates memory for the repeated events. However, the effect of spacing of exemplars on inductive learning is not really known. Two experiments using textual material were conducted to investigate the effect of spacing on induction. Experiment 1 and 2 extended the generality of recently observed spacing benefits to texts, regardless of whether they were visually or aurally presented. Interestingly, participants in both experiments judged massing to be more effective than spacing though their performance showed the opposite. Possible explanations for the superiority of the spaced condition over the massed condition in inductive learning, practical implications of the present study and suggestions for future research are discussed. 相似文献
85.
James Kariuki Njenga Louis Cyril Henry Fourie 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2010,41(2):199-212
Proponents have marketed e‐learning by focusing on its adoption as the right thing to do while disregarding, among other things, the concerns of the potential users, the adverse effects on users and the existing research on the use of e‐learning or related innovations. In this paper, the e‐learning‐adoption proponents are referred to as the technopositivists. It is argued that most of the technopositivists in the higher education context are driven by a personal agenda, with the aim of propagating a technopositivist ideology to stakeholders. The technopositivist ideology is defined as a ‘compulsive enthusiasm’ about e‐learning in higher education that is being created, propagated and channelled repeatedly by the people who are set to gain without giving the educators the time and opportunity to explore the dangers and rewards of e‐learning on teaching and learning. Ten myths on e‐learning that the technopositivists have used are presented with the aim of initiating effective and constructive dialogue, rather than merely criticising the efforts being made. 相似文献
86.
In this study, we investigated changes in creatine kinase, perceptual and neuromuscular fatigue of professional rugby league players after match-play. Twenty-three male rugby league players (10 backs, 13 forwards) had their creatine kinase, perceptual ratings of fatigue, attitude to training, muscle soreness, and flight time in a countermovement jump measured before and 1 and 2 days after (day 1 and day 2 respectively) league matches. Total playing time, offensive and defensive contacts were also recorded for each player. Creatine kinase was higher both 1 and 2 days after than before matches (P < 0.05) in forwards and backs. Similarly, perceived fatigue and muscle soreness were higher than pre-match on both days 1 and 2 (P < 0.05), but did not differ between groups (P > 0.05). Jump performance was lower on day 1 but not day 2 for both groups (P < 0.05). While total playing time was longer in backs (P < 0.05), relative frequencies for all contacts were greater in forwards (P < 0.05). Contacts for forwards were correlated with all markers of fatigue (P < 0.05), but only flight time was correlated with offensive contacts in backs (P < 0.05). Despite the mechanisms of fatigue being different between forwards and backs, our results highlight the multidimensional nature of fatigue after a rugby league match and that these markers do not differ between positions. 相似文献
87.
Christian W. Zauner John J. Burt Donald F. Mapes 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):395-401
Abstract An attempt was made to elucidate the mechanism whereby exercise facilitates postprandial lipid clearance. Two separate experiments examined the effects of mild and strenuous pre-meal exercise on postprandial lipemia among human male subjects. In each case, a high fat meal was consumed after a fasting blood sample was taken. Additional samples were drawn 3, 5, and 7 hr. following the meal on both a control and an experimental day. Optical density was employed as a measure of serum turbidity. Data were analyzed through analysis of variance. Strenuous pre-meal exercise appeared to hasten postprandial lipid clearance without affecting the magnitude of lipemia. Mild pre-meal exercise was seen to reduce the magnitude and duration of postprandial lipemia. These observations tend to negate the concept that exercise influences postprandial lipemia via digestive and/or absorptive mechanisms. It is hypothesized that gross differences in response to the high fat meal witnessed between the two experimental populations may be due to the variance in the mean ages of the groups. 相似文献
88.
Allan B. de Guzman James Cyril B. Satuito Miko Anne E. Satumba Diego Rey A. Segui Faith Evelyn C. Serquiña Lawrence Jan P. Serrano 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(3):248-261
The use of traditional art in recreational therapies is unexplored. This paper, thus, attempts to surface the unique power of traditional Filipino arts (TFA) as synergizing lens in capturing the individual and the collective experiences of a select group of Filipino elderly in an institutionalized care setting relative to their feelings of depression and self-esteem. Three Filipino elderly housed in an institutionalized care setting were chosen for this phenomenological study, a robotfoto and a series of semistructured interviews constitute the main data gathering tool. Field texts were subjected to phenomenological reduction via the repertory grid analysis. Emerged themes were subjected to a series of member checking procedures to ensure the trustworthiness of the reported data. Depression and self-esteem were interpreted via two emerged themes. The themes were Me, Myself, and Melancholy and Will Not Let My Worth Wither. Through recreational therapies in the form of traditional Filipino arts, participants found novel psychological crutches that overcame the challenges of depression and give them hope toward more positive views of themselves and life. 相似文献
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