The experience of professional autonomy among psychotherapists in Korea and the United States

This study investigates professional autonomy as experienced by psychotherapists in Korea and in the United States using data collected as part of a collaborative international study of the development of psychotherapists (Orlinsky et al. (1999). Psychotherapy Research, 9(2), 127–153; Orlinsky & Rønnestad, (2005). How psychotherapists develop: A study of therapeutic work and professional growth. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association). The major aims are: to compare the extent of professional autonomy experienced by psychotherapists in Korea and by their counterparts in the USA; and to explore the professional and social correlates of the professional autonomy experienced by Korean therapists and compare these with the correlates of autonomy experienced by American therapists. These aims are pursued through analyses of a database of questionnaire responses. Results indicate that Korean therapists, compared to American therapists in our sample experience significantly lower levels of professional autonomy. For Korean therapists, whether they have a salient theoretical orientation in their practice is the single most important influence in their experience of work autonomy. Seniority and work setting are also significant correlates of autonomy for the Korean therapists. Similar to Korean therapists, seniority and having a salient orientation are also important influences on the way American therapists experience professional autonomy. American therapists, who work in independent practice experience higher work autonomy, whereas American social workers tend to experience lower professional autonomy.     

培养和激发自我效能感与体操教学

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、实验对比法和数理统计法,运用自我效能感的原理,在高师体育教育专业体操教学中进行培养和激发学生及教师自我效能感的实验研究.结果表明,实验班成绩优于对照班,且有非常显著性的差异;在体操教学中培养和激发学生及教师的自我效能感,可以有效地提高体操教学的效果和学生的成绩.     

对我国竞技体操科研状况的分析

本文通过对我国竞技体操20年来科学研究相关资料的调查研究,找出目前存在的问题,为制定我国21世纪竞技体操科研战略提供理论依据.     

谈谈体育与大学生健康的第三状态--亚健康

健康的“第三状态”——亚健康，是人体介于健康与疾病之间的边缘状态，是一种动态的变化状态，既可转化为疾病状态，也可转化为健康状态。目前，全国高校有近40％的大学生处于亚健康状态。本文通过对大学生亚健康状态的分析，认为体育是大学生亚健康状态向健康状态转化的重要手段。     

我国篮球运动后备人才可持续发展的对策研究

结合我国的实际情况提出了我国篮球运动后备人才可持续发展的对策：提高教练员的素质和能力；建立及优化篮球运动选材和评价系统；不断完善、优化篮球训练条件；完善篮球后备人才培养体制；完善现行的篮球竞赛制度；加强篮球运动员的化学习和管理。     

亚运会与城市现代化的互动及其办亚运基本策略的研究

为研究亚运会与城市现代化的循环互动发展关系，采用献资料研究、专家调查、系统综合分析法，本得出的研究结果是：用建设全面小康的理论，从宏观上探明城市现代化的内涵；就广州现有建设为办亚运会提供的基础与显示四个优势要素：国际大赛——广州亚运会对广州城市化社会发展的促进作用；以广州经济化一体化为支撑的广州亚运会的三个基本策略。     

Morphological proportionality in elite age group North American divers.

The purpose of this investigation was to describe the morphological parameters that characterize elite age group divers. Comparisons are made to normative age group data from the Coquitlam Growth Study and the constancy of important characteristics from age group to age group is examined. Data were collected on 27 male and 28 female elite divers who participated in the 1990 North American Age Group Diving Championships. Body build, body composition and skinfold corrected diameters were determined from 36 anthropometric parameters and analysed by ANOVA, t-test and Phantom z-scores procedures. All age groups except the 14- to 15-year-old males were significantly (P < or = 0.05) shorter than their norms but recorded higher androgyny index values. The estimated relative muscle mass increased significantly (P < or = 0.05) with age for males at all ages (40.8-46.3%). The 16- to 18-year-old females had a significantly (P < or = 0.05) larger relative muscle component compared to the younger age groups (40.1-38.4%). When normalized for height, active tissue development of the extremities was comparable between the sexes except in the forearm. The results indicate that at all age levels short stature is an important characteristic for divers. Analysis of regional active tissue development provides further insight into sport-specific prerequisites for success at elite levels.