迷上练习场

在许多职业赛事上,你不用破费很多就可以大有所获。乔·狄克逊的下巴紧紧贴在球场的钢丝网上,场内的罗杰·费德勒现在离她只有不到5码远。这位她最喜爱的网球选手,在她的注视下练习完上旋发球后,接着开始练习正手抽击。这是一记典型的费德勒式正拍,球"嗖"地飞出,刚刚过网,狠狠地砸在了边线上。狄克逊情不自禁地吹了个口哨,费德勒轻     

巴黎风情画——Blizzard WWI 2008赛场日记

很荣幸参加2008 Blizzard Enter- tainment Worldwide Invitational,作为WE魔兽世界竞技场战队的成员。第一次参加《魔兽世界:燃烧的远征》(World of WarCraft:The Burning Crusade)的竞技场大赛,虽然最后没能取得理想的成绩,但从魔兽世界目前极少的线下赛来看,WWI确实是一次难得的锻炼机会,这次失败也促使我更加努力的练习,对胜利的渴望,遗憾绝对不会留到下次!     

浅谈初级DotA CW阵容与节奏的掌握

DotA游戏基本可以分为以下几个层次：单机AI、路人战、IH、CW比赛。当你厌倦了每天在路人房里孤军备战,而有时队友又让你无奈。或许会找到一个小团体进行IH、内战、开黑,而开黑时往往双方实力悬殊,不能良好地发挥个人实力,基本会养成一些路人战的坏习惯。这时找一个大的平台,进行CW吧!这更正式、更有竞技性,双方都有很强实力的比赛是非常精彩的。其中在IH以后就要考虑阵容问题了,而高等CW还要考虑相互克制关系,团战破解对方优势的打法,这里主要谈一下目前较热的初级CW的一些细节。     

《电子竞技》专访：走近波兰战神NEO

今天《电子竞技》特约记者N.n为大家带来一个neo的独家采访。采访的过程其实是一波三折的,早在一个月前我们打算为这位憨态可掬的战神小朋友（呃,憨态可掬,原谅我用了这个词,暂时没有想到别的形容他可爱的词）做一个特别专访。     

Comparison of two Actigraph models for assessing free-living physical activity in Indian adolescents

This aim of this study was to compare the new Actigraph (GT1M) with the widely used Model 7164. Seven days of free-living physical activity were measured simultaneously using both the Model 7164 and GT1M in 30 Indian adolescents (mean age 15.8 years, s = 0.6). The GT1M was on average 9% lower per epoch than model 7164, thus a correction factor of 0.91 is suggested for comparison between the two monitors. The differences between monitors increased in magnitude with intensity of activity (P < 0.001) but remained randomly distributed (r = 0.01, P = 0.96). No significant difference was observed between monitors for time spent in moderate (P = 0.31) and vigorous (P = 0.34) physical activity when using the same epoch length. The Model 7164 classified less time as sedentary (P < 0.001) and more time as light-intensity activity (P < 0.001) than the GT1M. In conclusion, data from the GT1M can be compared with historical data using average counts per minute with a correction factor, and the two models might be comparable for assessing time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity in children when using the same epoch length.     

The influence of lower limb amputation level on the approach in the amputee long jump

In this study, we investigated the adjustments to posture, kinematic and temporal characteristics of performance made by lower limb amputees during the last few strides in preparation for long jump take-off. Six male unilateral trans-femoral and seven male unilateral trans-tibial amputees competing in a World Championships final were filmed in the sagittal plane using a 100-Hz digital video camera positioned so that the last three strides to take-off were visible. After digitizing using a nine-segment model, a range of kinematic variables were computed to define technique characteristics. Both the trans-femoral and trans-tibial athletes appeared to achieve their reduction in centre of mass during the flight phase between strides, and did so mainly by extending the flight time by increasing stride length, achieved by a greater flexion of the hip joint of the touch-down leg. The trans-tibial athletes appeared to adopt a technique similar to that previously reported for able-bodied athletes. They lowered their centre of mass most on their second last stride (-1.6% of body height compared with -1.4% on the last stride) and used a flexed knee at take-off on the last stride, but they were less able to control their downward velocity at touch-down (-0.4 m x s(-1)). Both this and their restricted approach speed (8.9 m x s(-1) at touch-down), rather than technique limitations, influenced their jump performance. The trans-femoral athletes lowered their centre of mass most on the last stride (-2.3% of body height compared with -1.6% on the second last stride) and, as they were unable to flex their prosthetic knee sufficiently, achieved this by abducting their prosthetic leg during the support phase, which led to a large downward velocity at touch-down (-0.6 m x s(-1)). This, combined with their slower approach velocity (7.1 m x s(-1) at touch-down), restricted their performance.     

Why young elite athletes fear failure: consequences of failure

Fear of failure can have negative effects on children in achievement settings, affecting many aspects of their lives. Perceiving the consequences of failure to be aversive provides the basis for fear of failure, and the anticipation of a threatening outcome elicits fear. Problems attributed to fear of failure in achievement settings are prevalent. Sport is a popular and significant achievement domain for children and adolescents and there is a lack of research on fear of failure in sport among this age group. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate fear of failure in the sport domain among young elite athletes, and to explore their perceptions of the consequences of failure. Interviews were conducted individually with nine athletes aged 14 - 17 years (5 males, 4 females). Analysis identified and organized perceived consequences of failure into themes and categories. Results revealed that the most commonly perceived aversive consequences of failure were diminished perception of self, no sense of achievement, and the emotional cost of failure. These findings are consistent with those reported in adult population, suggesting the potential for generalizing existing results to young elite athletes.     

Visual and postural control of an arbitrary posture: the handstand

The aim of this study was to increase our understanding of postural regulation by analysing an arbitrary posture - the handstand. We assessed the relative influence of peripheral vision and central visual anchoring on the postural balance of gymnasts in the inverted-stand posture. Displacements of the centre of pressure, the angles between the body segments, and the gymnast's height in the handstand were analysed. Postural regulation in the handstand appeared to be organized according to a system similar to that in erect posture, with three articular levels suggesting the existence of a typical organization of human posture. Moreover, both intra-modal (central and peripheral vision) and inter-modal sensory systems (vision and other balance systems) contributed to the postural regulation. The results are interpreted in terms of an ecological approach to posture in which postural regulation can be considered as an emergent phenomenon.     

Effects of rest interval during high-repetition resistance training on strength, aerobic fitness, and repeated-sprint ability

The effect of altering the rest period on adaptations to high-repetition resistance training is not well known. Eighteen active females were matched according to leg strength and repeated-sprint ability and randomly allocated to one of two groups. One group performed resistance training with 20-s rest intervals between sets, while the other group employed 80-s rest intervals between sets. Both groups performed the same total training volume and load. Each group trained 3 days a week for 5 weeks [15- to 20-repetition maximum (RM), 2 - 5 sets]. Repeated-sprint ability (5x6-s maximal cycle sprints), 3-RM leg press strength, and anthropometry were determined before and after each training programme. There was a greater improvement in repeated-sprint ability after training with 20-s rest intervals (12.5%) than after training with 80-s rest intervals (5.4%) (P = 0.030). In contrast, there were greater improvements in strength after training with 80-s rest intervals (45.9%) than after training with 20-s rest intervals (19.6%) (P = 0.010). There were no changes in anthropometry for either group following training. These results suggest that when training volume and load are matched, despite a smaller increase in strength, 5 weeks of training with short rest periods results in greater improvements in repeated-sprint ability than the same training with long rest periods.     

Validation of an integrated experimental set-up for kinetic and kinematic three-dimensional analyses in a training environment

Biomechanical analyses using synchronized tools [electromyography (EMG), motion capture, force sensors, force platform, and digital camera] are classically performed in a laboratory environment that could influence the performance. We present a system for studying the running sprint start that synchronizes motion capture, EMG, and ground reaction force data. To maximize motion capture (Vicon 612 with six cameras), a special dim environment was created in the stadium. "Classical" tools were combined with "purpose-built" tools intended to analyse the different aspects of movement. For example, a synchronization system was built to create a common time-base for all data recordings and a portable EMG system was synchronized by a cable that was "disconnected" by the athlete's movement out of the blocks. This disconnection represented an independent event recorded by different tools. A "gap" was measured for some sprint start events between kinetic and kinematic (motion capture) data. Calibration results, measurements of time "gap", and duration of the independent event were used to validate the accuracy of motion capture and the synchronization system. The results validate the entire experimental set-up and suggest adjustment values for motion capture data. This environment can be used to study other movements and can easily be applied to several sports.