Three “centuries”: the context and development of rural construction in China

If the shoe doesn’t fit, it is a mistake to change the foot, but in essence this is what occurred in 20th-century China, in the context of rural construction. Motivated by self-preservation, nationalist forces in China resisted the hasty, indiscriminate and harmful importation (indeed, imposition) of western influences, but these external influences ultimately predominated over traditional domestic practices. Radical ideologies evolved, destroying traditional construction methods while promoting ill-conceived, but ostensibly “modern” counterparts, or chaotic syntheses of old and new. Rural economies were devastated, to the despair of peasants. The internal response to external stimulus had become far more damaging, the cure its own fatal disease. Amid ongoing efforts at reconstruction, local committees were formed that varied in efficiency, and successive waves of rural construction featured a wide array of approaches, far more than merely “top down” or “bottom up (grassroots).” And yet, while conditions have improved, the symptoms of radical response persist. The proper cure should be context-dependent reform.     

隋唐军府新考

建国以来,随着隋唐墓志的大量出土和整理出版,一些学者继劳经原、罗振玉、谷霁光之后,利用这些墓志研究和增补了鹰扬府和折冲府,并且发表了不少相关论文。文章在前人研究的基础上,依据近年出版的隋唐墓志,新增补鹰扬府10个、折冲府12个,并对前人研究略做补正。     

琦君散文的语言艺术

琦君散文被视为台湾"闺秀文学"的代表,体现了"闺秀派"文学的艺术特点。琦君散文中穿插运用"口语式的絮语""书卷式的诗语""动态化的叙述语",文风朴实,语言疏淡清朗。     

口语测试量表设计方法的审视与思考

从介绍的角度审视现成口语测试量表设计的主要种类和特点;对比量表设计的优劣;探讨合适的设计方法和可行性。     

高职院校图书馆服务质量的影响因素分析

图书馆的服务质量是图书馆发展的核心,关系到学校的文化建设.目前,高职院校图书馆的服务质量普遍不高,这是一个值得思考的问题,通过调查分析可以发现,许多因素影响着图书馆服务的水平和质量,必须从树立良好的服务理念等方面进行改进,以促进高职院校图书馆服务质量的提高.     

语用能力考辨——语用能力研究(一)

不同语言学流派在界定语用能力以及描述其运行机制时各有侧重,这给语用能力习得研究带来了较大困难。论文通过仔细梳理Chomsky模块论中所界定的语用能力,以及综合考察内在论、认知论与社会文化理论下诠释各异的语用能力,客观呈现了不同理论框架下界定不一的语用能力内涵。立足此类分析以及当前最简方案生物语言学的研究成果,论文尝试整合内、外部语言使用,总结语用能力共通的本质属性,为后续深入刻画语用能力做前瞻性研究,亦为现实的语用能力发展研究提供理论参考。     

步进式冷床的结构分析及其现场维护

介绍了特钢厂800轧线大棒步进式冷床的结构形式及工作原理。总结了该装置使用以来由于设备安装缺陷而产生的故障,并对部分改进方案的实施性、可靠性进了的分析,并采取了相应的改进措施。     

Impacts of social economic status on higher education opportunity and graduate employment in China

Based on a nation-wide survey of higher education graduates, this paper analyzes the impact of family background, using paternal occupation and education as indicators, on their scores in the National College Entrance Examination, the level and type of higher education institutions they attend, their employment after graduation, and the income they receive from their first job. It has been found that there are wide disparities among students with different family backgrounds in both access to higher education and their potential employment in China nowadays. This paper also studies how those influences happen. __________ Translated from Peking University Education Review, 2005 July (3)     

论翻译能力的构成因素

本从个体翻译过程的角度分析了个体翻译能力的构成因素，其目的是为翻译教学提供必要的理论依据。个体的翻译能力主要由翻译才能、翻译语能、翻译熟能和翻译智能四个方面的能力构成。翻译才能指处理语言所表达的意义的能力；翻译语能指处理语言外在形式的能力；翻译熟能与翻译过程的自动化速度有关，而翻译智能则与理解交际意图和逻辑推理能力有关。     

学费:谁之痛?

学费是近年来全国之痛。即使是中央政府的领导人,也时时牵挂着学费问题,为还没能够把人民最关心的上学等问题解决得最好而最感痛心。如果人们能够客观公正地看待国家为缓解民众的学费压力所进行的努力,那么就可以真切地看到:从总体上看,在社会各方面都需要国家增加财政拨款的背景下,至今国家不仅承担了义务教育公办学校的绝大部分教育经费,还承担了各级教育公办学校的大部分经费。2004年全国预算内教育拨款在国家财政总支出中所占份额已超过1/7,在国家各项财政支出中位居第四。国家在高等学校建立并实施了以国家助学贷款为主体的多元化资助…