Primäre Glomerulonephritiden

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The turning point in 1985. The history of appraisal and disposal of records in Iceland

The article sets off with a brief summary of the history of appraisal and disposal of records as processed at the National Archives of Iceland (NAI) since its establishment in 1882 to present times. Rules on appraisal and disposal of records introduced in 1900, 1911, and 1916 were ignored and all records were kept. Status quo remained until 1985 when a new National Archives Act was passed. The appraisal and disposal process adopted then is described and explained. It included the publication of instructions on records management as well as forms relating to records management. The influence of acts of law on the appraisal and disposal process is explained. Finally the experience with the arrangement of organised appraisal in Iceland is described.     

食管癌外科治疗近期疗效的影响因素分析

目的探讨食管癌患者年龄、吻合位置与术后并发症发生率和死亡率的关系,以及新辅助化疗对食管癌手术切除率的影响。方法回顾性分析西安交通大学医学院第一医院肿瘤外科自1997年~2003年首诊收治、资料完整587例食管癌患者资料。结果不同年龄组手术切除率分别为91.2%、95.9%和97.7%(P>0.05);>70岁年龄组术后吻合口瘘发生率和术后死亡率均较其它组高(P<0.05)。胸膜顶部吻合口瘘发生率为16.67%,较其它位置吻合口瘘发生率明显高(颈部2.17%、弓上1.09%、弓后2.60%、弓下0),具有显著性差异(P=0.019)。III期食管癌患者行术前新辅助化疗组与未化疗组的手术切除率分别为96.92%和78.85%,具有显著差异(P<0.05),而术后吻合口瘘发生率和术后死亡率无明显差异(P=1.000)。结论术前新辅助化疗可提高食管癌手术的切除率并不增加术后并发症。年龄大并不完全是手术禁忌,高龄患者的手术应充分考虑患者的生理年龄。     

Sträuli Arslan,Leseknick — Lesekick. Leseförderung in vielsprachigen Schulen

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