BOOK REVIEWS

S OVEREIGN R EASON . By Ernest Nagel.
T HE S OCIOLOGY OF E DUCATION AND E DUCATIONAL S OCIOLOGY . A Sociology of Education by Wilbur B. Brookover. New York: American Book Company, 1955; and Applied Principles of Educational Sociology and Educational Sociology, A Resource Book . Edited by Harold R. Bottrell.
W HY J OHNNY C AN ' T R EAD AND W HAT Y OU C AN D O A BOUT I T . By Rudolf Flesch.
T HE F LEXIBLE S CHOOL : A R EPORT OF THE C OMMITTEE FOR THE S TUDY OF F LEXIBILITY IN THE E LEMENTARY S CHOOL .     

Prediction of Human Relations Training Outcome by Traditional and Nontraditional Selection Indices

A variety of traditional and nontraditional selection indices were used to predict the outcome of a graduate-level course in counseling which was specifically designed to improve the students' human relations skills. Multiple correlations of .75 to .80 were found between a measure of training outcome and various combinations of predictors. A series of multiple linear regression analyses indicated that the traditional selection indices (GPA, GRE-Verbal, GRE-Quantitative, Miller Analogies Test) accounted for a very minor amount of the variance in ratings of the final taped interview. In contrast, a newly developed selection measure (trainability index) accounted for almost all of the predictable variance. The need for a new and more efficient predictive model for graduate-level counselor training is discussed.     

The Effect of Scoring Criteria Specificity on Peer and Self-assessment

The value of peer and self-assessments is commonly diminished by scoring range restriction by the raters. This investigation studied the effect of different levels of scoring criteria specificity and written feedback requests on the distribution of scores, the correlation between peer and self-assessments and the quantity and nature of written feedback. Increasing the number of criteria decreased the mean scores and increased the standard deviations of the peer and self-assessments, providing a wider range of scores and increasing the sensitivity of the instrument. Correlation between peer and self-assessment was improved with more specific criteria, depending on the statistic used. However, analysis revealed that the more specific written feedback requests elicited more peer feedback. Educators should consider the effects of criteria specificity and written feedback solicitation on rater behaviour when designing these instruments.     

立体电影大反击

过不了多久，神奇的立体电影就将重出江湖，而这次它将不再需要上世纪70年代那种让人头疼的立体眼镜了。卢卡斯、斯皮尔伯格、卡梅隆和其他好莱坞电影人已经准备好永远告别二维世界了。[编者按]     

奥林匹克运动的初创--第一届现代奥林匹克运动会台前幕后

现代奥林匹克运动走过一个多世纪的坎坷历程,终于于2004年重返故里,引发了人们无限的怀念与遐想。怀着这份心情,让我们重新找寻一下往日那些依稀而沧桑的记忆。一、顾拜旦的良苦用心皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦认为:“只有在全世界的共同参与下,现代奥林匹克运动才能开创成功的发展道路”。1891年,美国竞赛者参加完巴黎比赛,随即在许多报刊、杂志、文章及演说中引起一系列热烈的反响,从此更加深了顾拜旦对上述观点的确信无疑。他声称:“如果德国考古学家能挖掘出古代奥林匹亚遗迹,法国将重建奥林匹亚辉煌。”1892年,顾拜旦在巴黎大学演讲时,进一步重…     

Effects of Exhaust Gas Recirculation on the Homogeneous Charge Combustion Process of n-Heptane at Different Load Conditions

Effects of exhaust gas recirculation （ EGR） on homogeneous charge combustion of n-heptane was studied through simulation and experiment. Experiments were carried out in a single cylinder, four-stroke, air cooled engine and a single cylinder, two-stroke, water cooled engine. In the four-stroke engine, experiments of the effects of EGR were examined using heated N2 addition as a surrogate for external EGR and modifying engine to increase internal EGR. The ignition timing was sensitive to EGR due to thermal and chemical effects. EGR or extra air is a key factor in eliminating knock during mid-load conditions. For higher load operation the only way to avoid knock is to control reaction timing through the use of spark ignition. Experimental and modeling results from the twostroke engine show that auto-ignition can be avoided by increasing the engine speed. The twostroke engine experiments indicate that high levels of internal EGR can enable spark ignition at lean conditions. At higher load conditions, increasing the engine speed is an effective method to control transition from homogeneous charge compression ignition （ HCCI） operation to non-HCCI operation and successful spark ignition of a highly dilute mixture can avoid serious knock.     

BOOK REVIEWS

B UILDING A P HILOSOPHY OF E DUCATION . By Harry S. Broudy.
I NTERGROUP E DUCATION . By Lloyd and Elaine Cook.
H OW W E F OUGHT FOR OUR S CHOOLS . By Edward Darling in collaboration with members of the staff of the Center for Field Studies of the Harvard Graduate School of Education.
P URITAN S AGE : C OLLECTED W RITINGS OF J ONATHAN E DWARDS . Edited by Vergilius Ferm.
T HE W ORLDS ' G OOD . By Carleton Washburne.     

Religious Beliefs and Practice: An Integral Aspect of Multicultural Awareness

Religious beliefs are an aspect of clients' cultural background that should be considered an important aspect of multicultural awareness in the counselor education curriculum.