临近既有线施工路基CFG桩工艺研究

新建长吉城际铁路并行既有长图线,路基地基处理设计为CFG桩,施工工点地势低洼,地下水位高,表土承载力低。为保证施工安全和既有线路基稳定,优化CFG桩施工工艺、采取相应施工方法及监测手段,保证圆满完成施工任务。     

人体临床实验视角下的医学伦理探讨

医学研究中不道德现象时有发生,引起了人们越来越多的关注.而人体临床实验客观上存在着不明确性、危险性,因此,人体临床实验应以遵循医学伦理原则为根本出发点.以人体临床实验的道德问题为切入点,从法律与伦理学层面考究人体实验的道德责任,主张以人道主义、自主与尊重、行善与不伤害和公正原则作为人体临床实验研究应遵循的医学伦理原则,最后,对人体临床实验研究提出一些建设性的意见.     

对东方古典文学的翻译和研究——当代北欧学界重建世界文学史的趋势

从诺贝尔文学奖获得者的身份构成中可看出,东方文学在1990年代之前是不被北欧重视的,哪怕北欧的亚洲学和非洲学研究颇有成就.随着全球化的进程,不重视东方文学的状况也正在改变:北欧学界在重建世界文学史观和结构过程中,试图把原本区域性的东方文学纳入整个世界文学框架下来考察.本文研究瑞典国家学术委员会耗时近十年的项目"全球化语境下的文学和文学史"及成果四卷本<文学史:全球视角>,集中探讨其中的东方古典文学和欧洲文学之间的不可替代性问题,分析北欧学界如何重新认识东方文学的具体情形,以及对西方学界重建世界文学史的意义.     

近三十年中国文学的审美精神

从"文革"结束到新世纪以来的今天,中国文学走过了近三十年挑战与应战交互作用的壮阔历程.近三十年来,中国文学贯穿性的思想灵魂的主线索是寻找人,发现人,肯定人,即对民族灵魂的发现与重铸;这一时期,中国文学的艺术探索精神的变化则可以概括为:启蒙、先锋、世俗化、日常化;与此同时,中国文学与世界文学的关联日益密切,经历了从最初的向西方学习到中国自身的文化苏醒再到民族文化和异质的西方文化对话、重组,并逐步与世界文学交流、交融的过程.     

30 min of treadmill walking at self-selected speed does not increase gait variability in independent elderly

Walking is one of the preferred exercises among elderly, but could a prolonged walking increase gait variability, a risk factor for a fall in the elderly? Here we determine whether 30 min of treadmill walking increases coefficient of variation of gait in elderly. Because gait responses to exercise depend on fitness level, we included 15 sedentary and 15 active elderly. Sedentary participants preferred a lower gait speed and made smaller steps than the actives. Step length coefficient of variation decreased ~16.9% by the end of the exercise in both the groups. Stride length coefficient of variation decreased ~9% after 10 minutes of walking, and sedentary elderly showed a slightly larger step width coefficient of variation (~2%) at 10 min than active elderly. Active elderly showed higher walk ratio (step length/cadence) than sedentary in all times of walking, but the times did not differ in both the groups. In conclusion, treadmill gait kinematics differ between sedentary and active elderly, but changes over time are similar in sedentary and active elderly. As a practical implication, 30 min of walking might be a good strategy of exercise for elderly, independently of the fitness level, because it did not increase variability in step and stride kinematics, which is considered a risk of fall in this population.     

美元与人民币汇率变动对进出口贸易的影响研究

在美元与人民币汇率以直接标价的情况下,要想避免因汇率变动所造成的经济损失有三条决策方案可供选择。第一条方案就是使出口贸易额与进口贸易额完全相等,将贸易损失用贸易盈利进行弥补,起到平衡作用;第二条方案就是当汇率不断攀升时,势必多增加出口贸易,减少进口贸易,即美元与人民币汇率每增加一个百分点,中国就多出口一个百分点的贸易额,以期达到抑制作用;第三条方案就是当汇率不断下跃时,势必减少出口贸易额,多增加进口贸易额,即美元与人民币汇率每下跌一个百分点时,中国就少进口一个百分点的贸易额,以期达到抑制作用     

龙溪河库区底泥疏浚处置工艺研究

水库蓄水运行后由于上游挟带的污染物及泥沙长期累积作用,在库区沉积形成底泥污染。介绍了河道型水库底泥清淤工程中清淤方案的确定、清淤作业方式、施工船机清淤设备的选择、以及淤泥及余水处理工艺流程等,为类似河道及湖泊底泥污染治理工程的规划建设提供参考。     

Creatine supplementation does not decrease oxidative stress and inflammation in skeletal muscle after eccentric exercise

Abstract

Thirty-six male rats were used; divided into 6 groups (n = 6): saline; creatine (Cr); eccentric exercise (EE) plus saline 24 h (saline + 24 h); eccentric exercise plus Cr 24 h (Cr + 24 h); eccentric exercise plus saline 48 h (saline + 48 h); and eccentric exercise plus Cr 48 h (Cr + 48h). Cr supplementation was administered as a solution of 300 mg · kg body weight^?1 · day^?1 in 1 mL water, for two weeks, before the eccentric exercise. The animals were submitted to one downhill run session at 1.0 km · h^?1 until exhaustion. Twenty-four and forty-eight hours after the exercise, the animals were killed, and the quadriceps were removed. Creatine kinase levels, superoxide production, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level, carbonyl content, total thiol content, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, interleukin-1b (IL-1β), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kb), and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) were analysed. Cr supplementation neither decreases Cr kinase, superoxide production, lipoperoxidation, carbonylation, total thiol, IL-1β, NF-kb, or TNF nor alters the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxides in relation to the saline group, respectively (P < 0.05). There are positive correlations between Cr kinase and TBARS and TNF-α 48 hours after eccentric exercise. The present study suggests that Cr supplementation does not decrease oxidative stress and inflammation after eccentric contraction.     

完善我国公共文化服务体系的构想

构建公共文化服务体系是建设社会主义社会和贯彻科学发展观的必然要求。应从我国公共文化服务体系薄弱环节入手,扩大在公共文化服务的准备、实施和监督环节的公众参与,协调文化设施建设与人才队伍建设,重视在公共文化服务中应用高科技,加强公共文化服务的法制建设,不断完善我国公共文化服务体系。     

浅析合作学习与自主探索的关系

自主是合作与探索的基础和前提 ,合作是促进自主与探索的形式和途径 ,探索是自主与合作学习的目的 ,三者互为一体 ,又互为促进。知识的学习是一个艰巨而复杂的认识活动 ,合作学习和自主探索必须紧密结合 ,相互补充 ,才能起到真正有效的作用。