中国男子优秀足球运动员比赛跑动能力研究

为了比较全面地掌握中国男子优秀足球运动员比赛跑动能力的状况,使用SIMI°Scout技战术分析系统对2004-2008年来中国国家队、国奥队运动员参加一系列比赛中的跑动能力进行定量测量.根据测量结果,从比赛跑动能力总体状况、系列比赛跑动的纵向比较、中国队与比赛对手跑动距离分析、中国运动员不同位置跑动能力比较分析、不同位置运动员跑动距离等5个方面进行了分析与讨论.     

湖北省高校大学生武术比赛现状的调查与分析

文章在借鉴有关武术竞赛、高校武术运动研究的基础上,运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法、逻辑分析法等研究方法对湖北省高校武术比赛的现状进行了调查统计,通过湖北省高校武术比赛的现状对存在的问题进行分析,提出了相应的对策,以促进湖北省高校武术事业的发展,从而为武术运动在湖北省高校的可持续发展提供一些可行的、可操作的参考。     

中国职业足球，橘耶？枳耶？

现代体育是社会生活中一种制度化的文化存在,它整体的文化制度深刻地影响其内部各局部相应各项制度的安排,构成了后者的"生态"环境,从而左右后者的生存和发展.该文以文化三层次结构理论定义其中占丰流地位的体育价值评价标准、基本体制架构和基本运行机制等三项基本制度,以中、西职业足球为例,讨论了这三项基本制度在不同利益主体博弈条件下的具体安排和后果.     

Optimized versus corrected peak power during friction-braked cycle ergometry in males and females

The aim of this study was to compare optimization and correction procedures for the determination of peak power output during friction-loaded cycle ergometry. Ten male and 10 female sports students each performed five 10-s sprints from a stationary start on a Monark 864 basket-loaded ergometer. Resistive loads of 5.0, 6.5, 8.0, 9.5, and 11.0% body weight were administered in a counterbalanced order, with a recovery period of 10 min between sprints. Peak power was greater and occurred earlier, with less work having been done before the attainment of peak power, when the data were corrected to account for the inertial and frictional characteristics of the ergometer. Corrected peak power was independent of resistive load (P > 0.05), whereas uncorrected peak power varied as a quadratic function of load (P < 0.001). For males and females, optimized peak power (971 +/- 122 and 668 +/- 37 W) was lower (P < 0.01) than either the highest (1074 +/- 111 and 754 +/- 56 W respectively) or the mean (1007 +/- 125 and 701 +/- 45 W respectively) of the five values for corrected peak power. Optimized and mean corrected peak power were highly correlated both in males (r = 0.97, P < 0.001) and females (r = 0.96, P < 0.001). The difference between optimized and mean corrected peak power was 37 +/- 30 W in males and 33 +/- 14 W in females, of which approximately 15 W was due to the correction for frictional losses. We conclude that corrected peak power is independent of resistive load in males and females.     

Relationship between maximal oxygen uptake and oxygen uptake attained during treadmill middle-distance running

Traditionally, it has been assumed that during middle-distance running oxygen uptake (VO2) reaches its maximal value (VO2max) providing the event is of a sufficient duration; however, this assumption is largely based on observations in individuals with a relatively low VO2max. The aim of this study was to determine whether VO2max is related to the VO2 attained (i.e. VO2peak) during middle-distance running on a treadmill. Fifteen well-trained male runners (age 23.3 +/- 3.8 years, height 1.80 +/- 0.10 m, body mass 76.9 +/- 10.6 kg) volunteered to participate in the study. The participants undertook two 800-m trials to examine the reproducibility of the VO2 response. These two trials, together with a progressive test to determine VO2max, were completed in a randomized order. Oxygen uptake was determined throughout each test using 15-s Douglas bag collections. Following the application of a 30-s rolling average, the highest VO2 during the progressive test (i.e. VO2max) was compared with the highest VO2 during the 800-m trials (i.e. VO2peak) to examine the relationship between VO2max and the VO2 attained in the 800-m trials. For the 15 runners, VO2max was 58.9 +/- 7.1 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1). Two groups were formed using a median split based on VO2max. For the high and low VO2max groups, VO2max was 65.7 +/- 3.0 and 52.4 +/- 1.8 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) respectively. The limits of agreement (95%) for test-retest reproducibility for the VO2 attained during the 800-m trials were +/- 3.5 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) for a VO2peak of 50.6 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) (the mean VO2peak for the low VO2max group) and +/- 2.3 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) for a VO2peak of 59.0 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) (the mean VO2peak for the high VO2max group), with a bias in VO2peak between the 800-m runs (i.e. the mean difference) of 1.2 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1). The VO2peak for the 800-m runs was 54.8 +/- 4.9 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) for all 15 runners. For the high and low VO2max groups, VO2peak was 59.0 +/- 3.3 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) (i.e. 90% VO2max) and 50.6 +/- 2.0 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) (i.e. 97% VO2max) respectively. The negative relationship (-0.77) between VO2max and % VO2max attained for all 15 runners was significant (P = 0.001). These results demonstrate that (i) reproducibility is good and (ii) that VO2max is related to the %VO2max achieved, with participants with a higher VO2max achieving a lower %VO2max in an 800-m trial on a treadmill.     

走自己的路:新中国新闻教育改革的"先声"——1956年的复旦大学新闻系

本文具体勾画并分析1956年复旦大学新闻系的教育改革举措,从而表明,这些举措有着其内在的逻辑一致性,即为了探索如何构建适应新中国新闻教育的模式和路径.就探索本身看,显然是因应当时整个中国情势,但就其改革举措本身,明显带有复旦的特色,与当时担任系主任的王中有着极大的关系.复旦新闻系1956年的改革,既是中国新闻教育的一个历史缩影,同时也为中国新闻教育后续的改革,提供了经验和基础.     

夏季奥运会比赛主场优势的量化研究

运用文献资料调研、数学和逻辑推理等方法,对举办过奥运会的国家在比赛中取得的成绩进行量化研究,结果显示东道国获奖牌数是它们到客场比赛获奖牌数均值的3.6倍,是它们在奥运会举办年上届和下届奥运会比赛中获奖牌数均值的1.85倍;东道国的金牌率比它们到客场参加奥运会比赛的金牌率多28.1%,且最近几届奥运会东道国金牌的平均增长率是289.36%.这说明,在夏季奥运会的比赛中,主场存在着巨大的优势.     

试探中国武侠电影与文化传播

本研究采用文献资料法和逻辑分析方法,阐述了环境、武、侠义是武侠电影中最具有观赏价值的亮点。环境和侠互相映照融为一体,与主题的基调一致营造着悠远的意境,传达出"天人合一"的美学精神。"武"以博大精深的中国武术文化为源泉,在银幕上展现着独特的中国功夫场景,在神韵上是飘逸的东方意境之美。"侠义"精神是武侠电影的内在灵魂,是中国人所独有的传统美德。