Measuring Search Engine Quality

The effectiveness of twenty public search engines is evaluated using TREC-inspired methods and a set of 54 queries taken from real Web search logs. The World Wide Web is taken as the test collection and a combination of crawler and text retrieval system is evaluated. The engines are compared on a range of measures derivable from binary relevance judgments of the first seven live results returned. Statistical testing reveals a significant difference between engines and high intercorrelations between measures. Surprisingly, given the dynamic nature of the Web and the time elapsed, there is also a high correlation between results of this study and a previous study by Gordon and Pathak. For nearly all engines, there is a gradual decline in precision at increasing cutoff after some initial fluctuation. Performance of the engines as a group is found to be inferior to the group of participants in the TREC-8 Large Web task, although the best engines approach the median of those systems. Shortcomings of current Web search evaluation methodology are identified and recommendations are made for future improvements. In particular, the present study and its predecessors deal with queries which are assumed to derive from a need to find a selection of documents relevant to a topic. By contrast, real Web search reflects a range of other information need types which require different judging and different measures.     

Medical history for tomorrow—preserving the record of today

This paper addresses the need to recognize the importance, and the challenges, of preserving the hugely expanding record of medicine today for historians of the future. We are faced not only with an increase in traditional publishing formats, but also with the rapid growth in electronic communications. Two celebrated medical cases, one from the late seventeenth century and one from the late twentieth, are used to illustrate the differences and the difficulties. The need for active and effective professional collaboration is stressed; libraries should work together to address these issues.     

促进高校体育教师科学研究水平的方法与措施

高校体育教师的生命力来自于体育科学研究。高校体育教师必须与体育科学研究紧密的联系在一起。高校体育科学研究就是以高校体育教育现象和体育教育问题为对象,运用科学研究的原则和方法,探寻体育教学规律及有体育教育途径和方法的科学实践活动.努力提高高校体育教师的体育科学研究水平,有利于提高高校体育教师的整体素质,有利于教育科研的发展,提高教育质量。     

中小学体育教学的创新与新课程的实施

从教学观念、教学内容、教学方法、教学组织、对学生的评价、教学设施的创建几个方面，提出了中小学体育教学中贯彻和落实新课程指导思想的途径，旨在为中小学体育教师能够尽快地理解新课程，推动学校体育的发展提供参考。     

对中国武术散打与美国拳击对抗的研究

通过对1998年和1999年两次中国武术散打与美国拳击对抗赛双方比赛结果和我国散打运动员的技术运用统计，分析和探讨中国武术散打如何在今后走向世界的过程中继续保持与发扬自己的优势。     

篮球专修课适应素质教育发展的对策

从素质教育的要求出发，对高师、体育院校篮球专修课教学的现状进行了分析，提出了篮球专修课必须改变以竞技体育为指导思想、以技术教学为中心的模式，向以适应素质教育的教学指导思想转变，改革教学方式和方法、拓宽知识面，重视学生创造性、自学性能力的培养，加强师资队伍建设，健全评价体系的一系列观点和思考。     

湖南省推广普及定向运动的可行性分析

定向运动作为新兴体育运动项目越来越受到人们的关注，尤其是近两年来，教育主管部门加大了对定向运动的推广普及力度。探讨了定向运动在湖南省学校体育和社会体育中推广和普及的可行性。通过广大定向人的努力，定向运动将在湖南省得到蓬勃的发展。