Computers in Third World schools: the example of China

The introduction to this article discusses a dilemma facing many Third World countries: should they place computers in their schools and, if so, for what purposes? The author outlines four common rationales—the Social, Vocational, Pedagogical and Catalytic—and refers to two less common ones—the Information Technology Industry and Cost-effectiveness Rationales. The main text describes policy in China at national level, and analyses policy and practice in Beijing City and Zhejiang Province. The paper is based on an international co-operative study of computers in African, Asian and Arabic- speaking schools, funded by the Harold Macmillan Trust.     

对高校健美操教学动作编排和音乐选用技巧的研究

运用文献资料法、实践法等方法,对高校健美操教学动作编排和音乐选用进行了初步研究,认为健美操编排设计要有整体性和创新性;动作的选择应充分考虑健美操的自身特点,在编排中要合理运用具有健美操特点的对称组合动作;编排设计应有外型姿态美,要能充分体现出项目的特色和个性特征.健美操动作的主要部分选用快节奏的音乐更容易提高练习者的兴趣和更易于引起观众的共鸣.在开始部分或结束部分选用较慢节奏的音乐能够更充分的表现出快节奏音乐的速度和力度;选用单纯的音乐比带有外文歌曲的音乐可能产生的效果更好.     

谷氨酰胺对大强度训练后免疫功能恢复的研究

目的:探讨谷氨酰胺对大强度训练后免疫功能的影响。方法:18名运动员随机分成2组,进行3周大强度训练,训练期间分别补充谷氨酰胺(0.3g/kg wt/d)和安慰剂。采集运动员训练周期开始前1天及最后1天次晨的血液,分别测定血浆谷氨酰胺(Gln)、T淋巴细胞亚群。结果:大强度训练会导致血浆谷氨酰胺水平显著下降(P<0.05),CD4+/CD8+比值降低(P<0.05)。补充谷氨酰胺能维持运动后血浆谷氨酰胺水平和减少大负荷训练对机体免疫平衡的影响。     

常压模拟高住低练对大鼠红细胞形态学特征的影响

本研究探讨了常压模拟高住(海拔3000m)低练对大鼠红细胞形态学特征的影响。结果表明:低住安静组大鼠MCH低于其他三组大鼠,具有显著性差异(P<0.05);低住安静组平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)和常压高住安静组没有明显的差别,但低住低练组的MCHC明显地高于常压高住低练组,具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:常压模拟高住低练时,红细胞血红蛋白合成减少,应加强营养物质铁、维生素B12、叶酸的补充。     

Legal Defensibility of Standards: Issues and Policy Perspectives

What legal issues may arise in setting content or performance standards? What precedents are relevant? What practices are defensible?     

A nation at risk: The economic consequences of neglecting career development

Conclusion Computer-based career systems should be the focal point of popular, and effective career development initiatives which are of tremendous benefit to individuals. Such initiatives also have the potential to significantly reduce public expenditures and enhance the nation's competitive position internationally. The key lies in helping people understand that we can no longer afford to neglect the career development needs of Americans.I am most grateful for this opportunity to share my thoughts with you. I encourage you to promote the use of computer-based career systems by defining their benefits in economic terms. However, be sure you can prove your system does more than simply entertain its users, or leave them with extensive computer printouts.Phillip S. Jarvis is Manager, Careerware Research and Product Design, STM Systems Corp., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada and the author of CHOICES. This is the text of a paper presented to the Annual Conference of the Association of Computer-Based Systems for Career Information ((ACSCI) in St. Louis, Missouri on December 2, 1988.