Social Perceptions of Students with Learning Disabilities Who Differ in Social Status

As a group, students with learning disabilities (LD) have social difficulties. One possible explanation for these difficulties is the unique way they process social information. Although students with LD may differ from their nondisabled peers in their social cognition, investigators have suggested the presence of subgroups within the population of students with LD who may differ in their social competence and, thereby, shed light on the source of the difficulties. The present exploratory study examined how two subgroups of students with LD in inclusive settings, students with high and low social status, perceive social situations. Using a sociometric technique, three students with LD receiving high social‐status ratings and three students with LD receiving low social‐status ratings were identified. A qualitative approach was used to gather and evaluate data from the participants and their teachers. Results suggested differences between the two subgroups in their (1) sensitivity to cues in the environment, (2) interpretation of social situations in relation to their own experiences, and (3) levels of self‐control. Implications of these findings for practice and future research are discussed.     

Adapting Adaptive Testing: Using the MicroCAT Testing System in a Local School District

What is the rationale for adapting an existing testing system instead of developing your own? What are the limitations of MicroCAT? What has to be modified in order to meet local needs and to realize the potential of adaptive testing in the context of an existing testing system?     

浅谈如何上好艺术体操选修课

对普通高校艺术体操选修课教学从形体姿态的培养、教学成套动作的编排,音乐的选择及口令、手势的运用等,进行了分析探讨.     

中国藤球运动的发展

2004年，中国藤球协会在北京召开了由京、津、冀三地教练委员会、裁判委员会主要领导参加的全国藤球发展研讨会，会议提出将藤球竞赛全面推向市场的目标。2005年，中国藤球协会进行了竞赛改革的尝试，与江西体育局竞赛管理中心合作，将全国藤球锦标赛放在中、小城市进行。高水平赛事激发了运动员的积极性和观众的热情，提高了比赛的观赏性和竞争性。同年，全国青少年藤球锦标赛在天津建工学校举行，参赛队伍达到了前所未有的41支（男、女队），比赛的7天将校园变成了藤球天地，极大地推动了我国藤球运动的普及和发展。 十一五期间，将是我国藤球事业加速发展，深化改革，承前启后，继往开来的重要发展时期。我们必须以亚运会为中心，以抓训练、提高、培养后备力量，加强梯队建设为基础，大胆进行体制改革和机制转换，使各项工作逐步纳入法制化、系统化、规范化、科学化轨道，做到有章可循．有法可依，力争早日实现藤球的突破。[编者按]     

Measuring Search Engine Quality

The effectiveness of twenty public search engines is evaluated using TREC-inspired methods and a set of 54 queries taken from real Web search logs. The World Wide Web is taken as the test collection and a combination of crawler and text retrieval system is evaluated. The engines are compared on a range of measures derivable from binary relevance judgments of the first seven live results returned. Statistical testing reveals a significant difference between engines and high intercorrelations between measures. Surprisingly, given the dynamic nature of the Web and the time elapsed, there is also a high correlation between results of this study and a previous study by Gordon and Pathak. For nearly all engines, there is a gradual decline in precision at increasing cutoff after some initial fluctuation. Performance of the engines as a group is found to be inferior to the group of participants in the TREC-8 Large Web task, although the best engines approach the median of those systems. Shortcomings of current Web search evaluation methodology are identified and recommendations are made for future improvements. In particular, the present study and its predecessors deal with queries which are assumed to derive from a need to find a selection of documents relevant to a topic. By contrast, real Web search reflects a range of other information need types which require different judging and different measures.