Reliability and validity of the Zebris FDM-THQ instrumented treadmill during running trials

Little is known about the reliability, validity and smallest detectable differences of selected kinetic and temporal variables recorded by the Zebris FDM-THQ instrumented treadmill especially during running. Twenty male participants (age = 31.9 years (±5.6), height = 1.81 m (±0.08), mass = 80.2 kg (±9.5), body mass index = 24.53 kg/m² (±2.53)) walked (5 km/h) and ran (10 and 15 km/h) on an instrumented treadmill, wearing running shoes fitted with Pedar-X insoles. A test-double retest protocol was conducted over two consecutive days. Maximal vertical force (F_max), contact time (CT) and flight time (FT) data from 10 consecutive steps were collected. Within- and between-day reliability, smallest detectable differences (SDD) and validity (95% limits of agreement (LOA)) were calculated. ICC values for the Zebris for Fmax were acceptable (ICC ≥ 0.7) while CT and FT reliability indices were predominantly good (ICC ≥ 0.8) to excellent (ICC ≥ 0.9). The Zebris significantly underestimated Fmax when compared with the Pedar-X. The 95% LOA increased with speed. SDD ranged between 96 N and 169 N for Fmax, 0.017s and 0.055s for CT and 0.021s and 0.026s for FT. In conclusion, Zebris reliability was acceptable to excellent for the variables examined, but inferior in comparison with Pedar-X. With increased running speeds, a bias effect (underestimation) existed for the Zebris compared with Pedar-X.     

远古骨器之"绞蚀痕"研究说略--谨以此文怀念苏赫先生

远古时期的先民制作的骨器,因为遗存在土壤中数千年,骨骼成分中的钙、磷等矿物质和以胶原蛋白为主的有机质,在水、土壤、细菌等物质侵蚀过程中,必然使在其埋葬点上生长的植物的根系被其丰富的营养所吸引——将其包裹并吸吮其营养,使某些植物根系在生长过程中附在骨器上而出现“绞蚀痕”。又由于埋葬点的地况、深度不同等诸多不同情况,造成了有的骨器上满布此痕,有的骨器上踪影皆无的现象。“绞蚀痕”形成原因的研究发现,不但对研究鉴定“红山文化”等远古骨器的真伪起到决定性的作用,同时也对研究远古时期的气候、植被等自然环境有着巨大的辅助帮助。     

The relationship between bowling action classification and three-dimensional lower trunk motion in fast bowlers in cricket

Lower back injuries, specifically lumbar stress fractures, account for the most lost playing time in professional cricket. The aims of this study were to quantify the proportion of lower trunk motion used during the delivery stride of fast bowling and to examine the relationship between the current fast bowling action classification system and potentially injurious kinematics of the lower trunk. Three-dimensional kinematic data were collected from 50 male professional fast bowlers during a standing active range of motion trial and three fast bowling trials. A high percentage of the fast bowlers used a mixed bowling action attributable to having shoulder counter-rotation greater than 30 degrees. The greatest proportion of lower trunk extension (26%), contralateral side-flexion (129%), and ipsilateral rotation (79%) was used during the front foot contact phase of the fast bowling delivery stride. There was no significant difference in the proportions of available lower trunk extension, contralateral side-flexion, and ipsilateral rotation range of motion used during fast bowling by mixed and non-mixed action bowlers. Motion of the lower trunk, particularly side-flexion, during front foot contact, in addition to variables previously known to be related to back injury (e.g. shoulder counter-rotation), should be examined in future cross-sectional and prospective studies examining the fast bowling action and low back injury.     

信用制度建设与体育产业发展的关系探究

本文从信用制度入手,探讨了现阶段我国体育产业发展与信用体系之间的关系,结果表明：体育产业的运行和发展必须以信用为基础,信用记录对体育产业的发展也具有重要的作用。建议：构建信用制度来约束体育市场行为,以法律制度保障体育市场的发展。     

“三四律”

在一个稳定的竞争性市场中,有影响力的竞争者数量绝不会超过三个.其中,最大竞争者的市场份额又不会超过最小者的四倍.     

用紫外可见分光光度法测定共轭亚油酸的含量

采用UV9100型紫外可见分光光度计,测定了共轭亚油酸、共轭亚油酸甲酯、共轭亚油酸三甘酯在不同浓度时在 200～ 300nm的吸光度,绘制出样品在不同浓度时的吸光度曲线,找出适宜的浓度范围;用MicrocalSoftwareOriginVersion 4.0做回归分析,由线性回归给出样品浓度和吸光度的线性关系;利用PEAutosystemXL TurboMass测得样品中共轭亚油酸乙酯的准确浓度,结合回归系数给出了测定样品中共轭亚油酸含量的经验公式.     

新疆少数民族大学生思想政治教育应注重人文关怀与心理疏导

本文以新疆少数民族大学生及其思想政治教育工作的特点为切入点,提出加强新疆少数民族大学生思想政治教育中人文关怀与心理疏导的必要性,力图通过对新疆少数民族大学生思想政治教育中人文关怀与心理疏导的有效途径进行探索性研究。     

不同社会文化情境下小学生自我认知结构的特点研究

文章研究在不同的社会文化发展情境下,自我认知结构在青少年前期（小学）阶段的特点.研究对象需要完成一份带有独立型或互倚型自我建构启动的“二十句陈述测验”（TST）的自我描述.研究结果表明：在不同社会文化情境维度上,个人自我所占比例均高于关系和集体自我,维吾尔文化情境的学生关系自我高于集体自我,汉文化情境的学生集体自我高于关系自我;两类社会文化情境下的维吾尔族小学生在部分自我评价维度上有差异;关系自我维度上家庭、同伴和老师之间的关系自我有差异;集体自我内容的几个维度上有差异.     

素质教育与高校学生思想政治工作创新

本文认为,江泽民同志《庆祝中国共产党成立80周年大会上的讲话》从恢弘的历史跨度中,在伟大的历史背景下,提出了党和人民对当代青年和大学生寄予的殷切期望,昭示了当代大学生的崇高使命与光荣任务,指明了当代大学生成长成才的目标和方向。同时也为广大青年学生在改革开放和现代化建设的广阔舞台上,充分发挥自己的聪明才智,展现自己的人生价值,努力创造无悔于时代和人民的业绩,提供了广阔的自由空间,创造了无比优越的社会条件。文章进一步指出,高等学校肩负着培养和造就新一代社会主义事业的建设者和接班人的光荣使命。为了贯彻落实江总书记“七·一”讲话精神,认真实践“三个代表”重要思想,必须进一步加强和改进高校学生思想政治工作。要勇于创新,与时俱进,适应新形势,高标准,严要求,努力使高校学生思想政治工作的内容、形式、目的、方法全方位的有所发展有所创造,全面提升。     

把你的公司嫁出去

我曾经先后创建过两家公司,分别叫做Medical Optics和Chiron Vision。从此以后我成为一名职业的风险投资人,专门帮助企业进行新的投资和创业。我的经验使我坚信一个常理:生女终有嫁女时。当你开始倾注心血创业的时候就应该想好自己的退路。