血容量对运动训练及高原应激的调节适应

采用文献法，综述了血容量在运动训练及高原应激过程中的变化规律和对有氧能力的影响，希望能为在运用红细胞计数，血红蛋白浓度和红细胞压积等常规指标评价运动员身体机能状态和指导训练时，提供更科学全面的分析线索。     

The reliability of distance run tests for children in grades K-4.

The purpose of this study was to determine test-retest reliability for the 1-mile, 3/4-mile, and 1/2-mile distance run/alk tests for children in Grades K-4. Fifty-one intact physical education classes were randomly assigned to one of the three distance run conditions. A total of 1,229 (621 boys, 608 girls) completed the test-retests in the fall (October), with 1,050 of these students (543 boys, 507 girls) repeating the tests in the spring (May). Results indicated that the 1-mile run/walk distance, as recommended for young children in most national test batteries, has acceptable intraclass reliability (.83 less than R less than .90) for both boys and girls in Grades 3 and 4, has minimal (fall) to acceptable (spring) reliability for Grade 2 students (.70 less than R less than .83), but is not reliable for children in Grades K and 1 (.34 less than R less than .56). The 1/2 mile was the only distance meeting minimal reliability standards for boys and girls in Grades K and 1 (.73 less than R less than .82). Results also indicated that reliability estimates remained fairly stable across gender and age groups from the fall to spring testing periods, with the exception of the noticeably improved values for Grade 2 students on the 1-mile run/walk test. Criterion-referenced reliability (P, percent agreement) was also estimated relative to Physical Best and Fitnessgram run/walk standards. Reliability coefficients for all age group standards were acceptable to high (.70 less than P less than .95), except for Fitnessgram standards for 5-year-old girls on the 1-mile test for both fall and spring and for 6-year-old boys and girls on the 1-mile test administered in the spring.     

我国优秀击剑运动员运动损伤的特点及预防原则

为了探索我国击剑运动员损伤的发病规律,在第十一届亚运会中国击剑队集训期间,笔者采用病史询问和详细的局部检查,调查了中国击剑集训队和部分省市击剑队193名队员的运动损伤情况,结果显示:带伤者172人,占89.12％,共289例次,涉及到38种损伤,其中慢性损伤占90％以上,训练年限越长,损伤的发生率越高,发病部位集中于持剑手侧的膝关节伸膝装置(25％)持剑手侧肩部(9.7％),腰部肌(13％)和踝关节(9.3％)等。从剑种上看,花剑选手以持剑手侧膝关节髌腱腱病和髌尖末端病、持剑手侧腕关节软组织劳损多见,而重佩剑队员则以持剑手肩关节软组织损伤多见。损伤的基本原因与击剑专项技术的特殊要求有密切关系,其次与忽视准备活动和放松练习等有关,由此,提出了以加强肌肉力量训练,认真做好准备活动并重点结合运动前的防护准备,加强医务监督的预防原则。     

1994～2002年我国软式排球科研状况分析

运用文献资料、数理统计、逻辑分析等方法,对1994～2002年间34种国内公开期刊上发表的软式排球论文进行分析发现,科研数量逐年增加;研究领域不断扩大;研究方法不断增多;研究内容主要涉及教学与训练、宣传推广、规则、技、战术等方面;健身娱乐方面的文章研究较少,对技、战术的研究深度不够,论文时滞周期太长,研究成果应用性不强等等.     

期刊编辑工作与情报学理论

论述传播学与情报学研究互为基础、相互融合的内在联系，以及情报学理论对期刊编辑工作的指导作用，认为情报学是提高期刊编辑工作水平的理论基础。以文稿学术水平的查新、期刊质量信息的收集、论文关键词的标引和分类号的确定这4项工作为例进一步论证了这一观点。     

多媒体教学异常现象原因及解决办法

多媒体教学如火如荼,计算机以及投影机进入教室,成为许多学校教育信息化的新亮点,然而要使多媒体教学健康发展,利用“计算机 投影机”的组合取得理想的教学效果,除了要有正确的理论指导和高质量的课件支持外,还必须解决好许多技术问题,尤其对多媒体教学中出现的故障及不正常现象要能迅速正确有效地加以排除和解决,尽可能使投影媒体处于     

许渊冲的小说翻译

作为一名翻译家，许渊冲先生的成就是多方面的。翻译理论方面的建树之外，许渊冲先生以诗词英译而闻名遐迩、驰誉中外；同时，他的小说汉泽也颇具特色，并形成自己的鲜明风格。本文对许氏翻译理论与小说翻译之间的关系做一探讨，并通过对《红与黑》法语原著、一种英泽、四种汉泽的抽样比较研究，来窥视许氏译文之个性与风格。