Women,Children and Community: Exploring definitions and expectations. Femmes et Enfants dans la Communaute´: A la recherche de de´finitions et d'aspirations Mujeres,Niños y Comunidad: Explorando definiciones y expectativas

Set within the context of current developments in educare for young children in the UK, the paper points to the importance of effectively monitoring such initiatives. However, it cautions that this should use collaborative methods and evaluations should relate fully to the aims of the provision, including those of the 'clients'. A case study of a needs analysis carried out in a childcare centre established as a cooperative venture by a womens group in Ireland is described. It demonstrates how 'professional' criteria, if applied too rigidly, can not only subvert the initial purposes of the development but also produce divisions within a group whose cohesiveness of purpose was previously the source of their strength. Situé dans le contexte des changements en cours pour l'éducation et la garde des jeunes enfants au Royaume Uni, cet article met en lumière l'importance de contrôler les initiatives de manière efficace. Cependant, on attire l'attention sur le fait que cela devrait se faire en travaillant en collaboration et que les évaluations devraient se rapporter directement aux objectifs du projet en prenant également en compte les 'clients'. On présente une étude de cas sur l'analyse des besoins, effectuée dans une crêche mise en place en Irlande par un groupe de femmes sous forme de coopérative. On démontre comment les critères 'professionnels', s'ils sont pris trop à la lettre, peuvent non seulement ébranler les objectifs initiaux du projet, mais aussi provoquer des divisions dans un groupe où la cohésion était au départ le point fort. Dentro del contexto de los últimos avances en educación y cuidado para niños en Gran Bretaña, esta ponencia señala la importancia de que haya un eficaz seguimiento de tales iniciativas. Sin embargo, se advierte que este control debe realizarse empleando métodos colaborativos y que las evaluaciones deberían relacionarse con los objetivos que se habían previsto, incluyendo los de los 'clientes'. Se describe un estudio de un análisis de necesidades llevado a cabo en un centro dedicado al cuidado de niños que fue creado por un grupo de mujeres en Irlanda como una empresa cooperativa. Se demuestra cómo, si se aplica con demasiada rigidez un criterio 'profesional', se pueden subvertir no sólo los propósitos iniciales del proyecto, sino también crear divisiones dentro de un grupo cuya fuerza y unidad se basaban inicialmente en compartir unos objetivos comunes.     

Teacher Development and Change in South Africa: A critique of the appropriateness of transfer of northern/western practice

This paper discusses the differential distribution of opportunities for professional development of science teachers in post-apartheid South Africa. It is argued that northern/western ideas about teacher change and development are poorly suited to modelling practices and challenges for those who were historically disadvantaged. The environment in which teachers work-physical, social and political-act to select a more limited repertoire of behaviour than those providing in-service might imagine. The paper proposes that evolutionary ideas on teacher change and development offer a more effective model of the constraints under which teachers work. These ideas have general application to educational systems in sub-Saharan Africa. The implications for policy are a need to research current practices more thoroughly and to facilitate change through modest steps.     

Encouraging the Beginning of Equitable Science Teaching Practice: Collaboration is the Key

Journal of Science Teacher Education -     

Evidence for the secondary structure of lithium fluoride by atomic diffraction

When atom waves were reflected from a cleaved [100] surface of a LiF crystal, diffuse secondary spectra appeared which were well-defined in direction but were otherwise unresolved. This is regarded as evidence for a secondary structure on the surface of the crystal the directions of which are those of the cleavage planes. This secondary structure may have the period given by the theory of Zwicky but if so it must be slightly irregular either as regards this period or as regards the reflecting power of the intervening surfaces.The writer wishes to acknowledge the assistance of Mr. M. A. Roesch in making the experiments.     

Towards a Cultural Understanding of the Disability and Deaf Experience: Implications of a Content Analysis of Introductory Special and Multicultural Education Textbooks

This paper summarizes and discussing the findings of two content analyses of introductory textbooks to special education and multicultural education conducted to determine the extent to which disability and Deaf culture are represented and discussed. Findings of both studies indicated minimal discussion of Disability and Deaf culture, a heavy reliance on perspectives of persons who are not disabled or Deaf about the Disability and Deaf experience, and inaccurate representations and information about Disability and Deaf culture. This paper is a follow-up discussion of the implications of the findings of these studies. A rationale and recommendations for supporting a cultural understanding of the Disability and Deaf experience are presented. In addition, recommendations are suggested for engaging disabled and deaf persons about their shared and collective experience and for promoting cultural competence and proficiency with respect to the Disability and Deaf experience.     

Managing arterial health in adults with metabolic diseases: Is high-intensity interval exercise the answer? Response to the commentary by Lopes et al.

Dear editor, We thank Lopes et al.1 for their interest in our study and for writing an insightful commentary based on our findings, which were recently publishe...