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Amrita Chaudhary Pradeep Kumar Vandana Rai 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2021,36(3):257
Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) enzyme catalyzes the metabolism of dopamine and other catechols in the brain. Several articles investigated catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism as risk factor for alcohol dependence (AD) but the results were inconclusive. The aim of present meta-analysis was to evaluate the association of Val158Met (COMT) polymorphism with AD. Authors performed keyword search of the 4 electronic databases—Pubmed, Google Scholar, Springer Link and Science Direct databases up to December 31, 2019. Total eighteen studies that investigated the association of Val158Met polymorphism with AD were retrieved. The pooled results from the meta-analysis (2278 AD cases and 3717 healthy controls) did not show association with AD using all 5 genetic models (allele contrast model: OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.90–1.14, p = 0.03; homozygote model: OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.81–1.38, p = 0.69; dominant model: OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.85–1.14, p = 0.87; co-dominant model: OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.86–1.11, p = 0.71; recessive model: OR = 1.05;95% CI = 0.85–1.29, p = 0.61). Results of subgroup analysis showed that Val158Met is not risk for AD in Asian and Caucasian population. In conclusion, COMT Val158Met is not a risk factor for alcohol dependence. 相似文献
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Ranjani H. Selvadurai 《The Urban Review》1991,23(4):271-285
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the adequacy of selected academic and personal services to international students at New York City Technical College of the City University of New York. A population (137) of international students enrolled for one semester was surveyed via a self-developed questionnaire. Analysis of data was by mean weighted scores, chi squares at .05 level of significance, and percentage variances. The findings indicated that academic needs of international students were not satisfied even to minimum levels, and two areas of personal needs attained minimum satisfactory levels. Significant difference in opinions of respondents pertaining to satisfying academic needs was seen between or among the groups in the variables gender, national origin, and native language. In satisfying personal needs significant difference in opinions of respondents was seen among the groups in the variables proficiency in reading in English, proficiency in speaking in English, and proficiency in reading and speaking in one's native language. 相似文献
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Human cadaveric tissue is the fundamental substrate for basic anatomic and surgical skills training. A qualitative assessment of the use of human cadavers preserved by Thiel's method for a British Association of Urological Surgeons-approved, advanced laparoscopic renal resection skills training course is described in the present study. Four trainees and four experienced laparoscopic surgeons participated in the course. All participants completed a five-point Likert scale satisfaction questionnaire after their training sessions. The quality of cadaveric tissue and the training session were assessed with particular emphasis placed on the ease of patient positioning, the ease of trocar placement, the preservation of tissue planes, the ease of renal pedicle dissection, and the quality of tissue preservation. All of the participants highly rated the quality of the cadaveric tissue embalmed by Thiel's method (mean scores for quality on the five-point Likert scale were 4.5 and 4.3 by the trainees and experienced laparoscopic surgeons, respectively). All of the steps of laparoscopic renal resection were rated 4.0 or more on the Likert scale by both trainees and faculty members. The initial response rates for using a human cadaver embalmed by Thiel's method as a training tool for laparoscopic nephrectomy showed encouraging results. The performance of a laparoscopic nephrectomy on a human cadaver embalmed by Thiel's method bears close resemblance to real laparoscopic nephrectomy procedures, and thus demonstrates added advantages to the previously reported models. 相似文献
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Writing plays a central role in social work practice and in the qualifying programmes studied by student social workers. The research on which this paper is based explores the value of writing undertaken in higher education to writing for professional practice in social work. Drawing on data sources from a ‘text oriented ethnography’, this paper explores the reflections of five recently qualified social workers making the transition from academic to professional practice. The significance of this study is heightened as social work practice and education are undergoing significant review at the time of writing. This review has identified the role of writing as important in both academic and practice domains. The paper suggests that there is currently no clear progressive link between academic writing in social work and the writing in practice required of graduate social workers. This paper offers some reflections on the implicit and explicit value of writing in an academic context to writing in professional practice. 相似文献
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Tarla Rai Peterson M. Nils Peterson Markus J. Peterson Stacey A. Allison David Gore 《传播与批判/文化研究》2013,10(2):116-140
Two community-based conservation processes in the United States provide comparative case studies to examine how social capital relates to democracy. Following a summary of social capital research, we describe the cases: one designed to preserve an endangered species and the other to restore water quality. We discuss how social capital dampened democratic practice in one case, while invigorating it in the other. We conclude that, by relying indiscriminately on social capital in the absence of complementary state structures, conservationists risk losing the very nature they seek to defend, and all citizens risk losing the energy and space essential to democracy. 相似文献
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Santosh Kumar Singh Prashant Kumar Rai Shikha Mehta Rakesh Kumar Singh Geeta Watal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(4):410-413
The aim of the study was to ascertain the role of ethanolic extract of Cynodon dactylon against hepatic complications in streptozotocin
(STZ) induced type 2 diabetic models. Effect of the pre identified most effective dose of 500 mg/kg body weight was studied
on hepatic injury caused by chemically induced diabetes by 55 mg/kg body weight i.p. injection of STZ in male Wistar rats.
The dose of 500mg/kg body weight given once daily for 14 days reduced the levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase,
serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine and urine sugar significantly (P<0.05) with increase
in total protein, haemoglobin and body weight was increased. High LD50 validates its high margin of safety. 相似文献
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Dolly Jaiswal Prashant Kumar Rai Geeta Watal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(1):88-93
The present study defines the systematic evaluation and the role of minerals in glycemic potential of aqueous extract of Withania
coagulans fruits in order to develop an effective and safe alternative treatment for diabetes mellitus. Laser Induced Breakdown
Spectroscopy was used for glycemic element detection. The study is based on the results of lowering in blood glucose levels
of normal, sub, mild and severely diabetic rats assessed during fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance test and post prandial
glucose studies. The dose of 1000mg/ kg was identified as the most effective dose, which reduces the Fasting Blood Glucose
level maximum by 33.2% at 4h in normal rats during fasting blood glucose studies. Glucose tolerance test studies of normal,
sub and mild diabetic rats showed the maximum reduction of 15.7, 28.9 and 37.8% at 3h respectively. Long-term study in case
of severely diabetic rats showed reduction of 52.9 and 54.1% in Fasting Blood Glucose and Post Prandial Glucose levels respectively
after 30 days of treatment. The present study, besides confirming hypoglycemic and antidiabetic activities of aqueous extract
of W. coagulans, helps in identifying the role of trace minerals like Mg & Ca responsible for antidiabetic potential of this
potent indigenous shrub. 相似文献
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Dolly Jaiswal Prashant Kumar Rai Amit Kumar Geeta Watal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(2):167-170
The present study deals with the evaluation of glycemic profile of aqueous extract of Cajanus cajan leaves in streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats. Single oral administration of graded doses of aqueous extract of Cajanus
cajan leaves showed significant increment of 14.3 % in fasting blood glucose levels of normal rats. The sub diabetic and mild diabetic
models have also shown hyperglycemic effect from the same variable doses of the extract. The dose of 1000 mg/kg showed the
maximum rise of 17.1, 71.2 and 50.7 % in Blood glucose levels of normal, sub and mild diabetic rats respectively during glucose
tolerance test. The study of leaves was taken into consideration on the basis of earlier reported hypoglycemic activity of
Cajanus cajan seeds. However the results observed were found just opposite and therefore it may be useful in controlling hypoglycemia,
occasionally caused due to excess of insulin and other hypoglycemic drugs. 相似文献
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