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Until recent years, occupational retirement was perceived primarily as a male life transition process. Women now comprise a major population experiencing active, long‐term involvement in occupational roles and facing significant concerns in their transition from work to retirement. This article provides an examination of the current status of research regarding women and retirement and discusses multiple issues that surround the aging woman and her relationship to the retirement process. Key orientations are discussed in relation to conceptualizing and shaping future preretirement educational programming alternatives. 相似文献
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Robert W. Wood 《The Educational forum》2013,77(3):411-412
HIGHER EDUCATION: Power and Conflict in the University—Research in the Sociology of Complex Organizations by J. Victor Baldridge. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1971. 238 pp. $7.95. Affirmation and Dissent: Columbia's Response to the Crisis of World War I by William Summerscales. New York: Teachers College Press, 1970. 159 PP. $7.25. Die Hochschulreform in den USA und Ihre Bedeutung Für Die BRD [Reform in American Higher Education and its Meaning for the German Federal RepubliC] by Er-win Helms. Hannover: Hermann Schroedel Verlag, 1971. 236 pp. 25 DM. From Riot to Reason by Eldon L. Johnson. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1971. 127 pp. $4.50. The Now Generation by Austin L. Porterfield. Fort Worth: Texas Christian University Press, 1971. 152 pp. $4.00. Breaking the Access Barriers: A Profile of the Two-Year Colleges by Leland L. Medsker and Dale Tillery. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1971. 183 pp. $5.95. HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION: Being and Education: An Essay in Existential Phenomenology by Donald Vandenberg. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1971. 228 pp. $7.95, $3.95 paper. Freedom and Control in Education and Society by Frank L. Field. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1970. 196 PP. Guide to the Works of John Dewey edited by Jo Ann Boydston. Carbondale and Edwardsville, III.: Southern Illinois University Press, 1970. 396 pp. $15.00. Philosophy of Education from the Standpoint of the Transaction Theory by John P. Wynne. Farmville, Va.: Longwood College Foundation Publishers, 1971. 390 pp. $6.00, $4.00 paper. Ludvig Holberg's Memoirs: An Eighteenth Century Danish Contribution to International Understanding, edited by Stewart E. Fraser. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1970. Volume I, text, 2S9 pp. Volume II, 30″ × 24″ portfolio of 33 historical engravings. 120 guilders ($36.50). PSYCHOLOGY AND COUNSELING: Introduction to Educational Psychology: An Operant Conditioning Approach by Carl E. Pitts. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1971. 242 PP. $5.95. Statistical Reasoning In Psychology and Education by Edward W. Minium. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1970. 465 pp. $9.95. Developmental Counseling and Therapy by Bill L. Kell and Josephine Morse Burow. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1970. 268 pp. $6.95. SOCIAL AND FOUNDATIONAL STUDIES: Clarifying Public Controversy: An Approach to Teaching Social Studies by Fred M. Newmann and Donald W. Oliver. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1970. xi + 356 pp. $6.95. Social Foundations of Education: Environmental Influences In Teaching and Learning, 2d Ed., by Cole S. Brembeck. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1971. 661 pp. $10.95. Foundations of Vocational Education by Rupert N. Evans. Colombus, Ohio: Charles E. Merrill Publishing Co., 1971. 292 PP. 88.95. TEACHING AND LEARNING: Child Learning, Intelligence, and Personality: Principles of a Behavioral Interaction Approach by Arthur W. Staats. New York: Harper and Row, Publishers, 1971. 358 pp. $8.95. Nobody Can Teach Anyone Anything by W. R. Wees. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday &; Co., Inc., 1971. 199 PP. $5.95. Rhetoric by Albert E. DiPippo. Beverly Hills, Cal. Glencoe Press, 1971. 323 pp. $4.50. The Timely and The Timeless: The Interrelationships of Science, Education, and Society by Bentley Glass. New York: Basic Books, Inc., 1970. 99 PP. $4.99. Among young adults of all races, the number holding college degrees has increased from 6 to 16 percent since 1940, and the proportion with high school diplomas is up from 38 to 75 percent. With college enrolment now at 7.4 million, nearly two-thirds of the students have fathers with no formal education beyond high school.—The Education Digest (April, 1971). 相似文献
576.
R. Wood 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2013,55(2):114-125
School climate, defined here as the type of mobility system reflected in the school's selection procedures, was shown to interact with ethnic group membership and locus of control (after SES factors were controlled) in affecting student achievement in Israeli schools. Although achievement tended to be highest for all in a competitive and non‐selective environment, the achievement of the socially higher status group was found to be more sensitive to changes in the school atmosphere than that of the lower status group. Students revealing a strong internal locus of control appeared to be less affected by changes in the environment than others. 相似文献
577.
Aurélio Faria Ronaldo Gabriel João Abrantes Paola Wood Helena Moreira 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(14):1559-1567
Abstract We investigated the mechanical properties of the triceps surae between professional, junior, and non-football players. Fifty-nine men participated in this study. The mechanical properties of the right legs’ triceps surae were measured in vivo using a free oscillation technique; no significant differences existed between the groups. The mean results for musculo-articular stiffness, damping coefficient, and damping ratio were as follows: professional football players (21523 N· m?1, 330.8 N · s · m?1, and 0.201); junior football players (21063 N · m?1, 274.4 N · s · m?1, and 0.173); and non-players (19457 N · m?1, 281.5 N · s · m?1, and 0.184). When analysed according to position, the results were as follows: defender (21447 N · m?1, 308.6 N · s · m?1, and 0.189); midfielder (20762 N · m?1, 250.7 N · s · m?1, and 0.157); winger (21322 N · m?1, 335.1 N · s · m?1, and 0.212); forward (22085 N · m?1, 416.2 N · s · m?1, and 0.254); and non-players (19457 N · m?1, 281.5 N · s · m?1, and 0.184). Thus, football training, football games, and the position played had no effect on triceps surae mechanical properties. These results may be attributed to opposing adaptations between different types of training that are usually implemented in football. Alternatively, the minimum strain amplitude and/or frequency threshold of the triceps surae required to trigger adaptations of mechanical properties might not be achieved by football players with football training and matches. 相似文献
578.
Sharon A. Mathes Shirley J. Wood Charlene E. Christensen James E. Christensen 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):422-428
The impact on women athletes of receiving or not receiving scholarships was investigated in this study. The subjects were 61 women participating in 10 intercollegiate sports. Attitudes were assessed by administering a questionnaire prior to, and after, scholarships had been awarded. The questionnaire items were grouped into three subsets which reflected different attitudes about the “impact” of awarding athletic scholarships. A 4 × 2 × 2 repeated measures design was used to test for significant statistical interaction between the three independent variables: (a) wanting a scholarship, (b) receiving a scholarship, and (c) reacting to the awarding of scholarships. 相似文献
579.
We tested the hypothesis that quiet eye, the final fixation before the initiation of a movement in aiming tasks, is used to scale the movement's parameters. Two groups of 12 participants (N = 24) threw darts to targets in the horizontal and vertical axes under conditions of higher (random) or lower (blocked) target variability. Supporting our predictions, random practice and target changes in the vertical axis led to longer quiet eye duration than did blocked practice and target changes in the horizontal axis. Our data suggest that quiet eye is not simply a mediating factor in accuracy, but is responsive to the task's programming demands, being influenced by the necessity to reparameterize the movement from one trial to the next. 相似文献
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