生活方式干预对心血管疾病危险因素的影响——美国HELPS项目成果

摘要：心血管疾病（CVD）一直是全世界最主要的死因。由于CVD等慢性疾病对健康的威胁越来越大,有必要开展生活方式干预项目以控制这些疾病的危险因素。本研究的目的是评估美国的重要慢病干预项目—HELPS治疗型生活方式改变（TLC）项目对减少CVD危险因素和其他慢性疾病的有效性。方法：140位大学教职工参加为期12周的HELPS TLC项目,干预前后用配对t检验对其体重、BMI、腰围（WC）、6分钟步行距离（6MWD）、空腹血脂和血糖进行测定和比较。结果：干预后6MWD显著增加,总胆固醇（TC）和WC显著下降。对“高危”参与者进一步分析显示：BMI（-1.5±0.5,-3.9%）、TC（- 22.8±4.0,-9.0%）、LDL（- 14.1±4.9,9.3%）和血糖（-6.9±2.2,-6.1%）均显著下降;男性腰围（-4.5±0.8,-10%）显著减小,女性未见显著改变（-1.5±0.5,-4.0%）。此外,体重的变化与TC（r=0.43）、LDL（r=0.35）和血糖（r=0.44）的变化均显著相关。结论：参加12周的生活方式干预项目可以使CVD危险因素减少,特别是在CVD“高危”个体中。HELPS TLC项目的远期效果还待进一步深入研究。     

Peking University Launches a New Five-Year Project for the Development of Kunqu Opera

China＇s Kunqu Opera was included in the UNESCO List of Masterpieces of Oral and Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2001. As a traditional form of Chinese theatre, Kunqu Opera has not been widely known by overseas audiences. When European opera is presented worldwide and attracting numerous audiences, Chinese Kunqu Opera, enjoying equal artistic value, should also access Jbreign audiences.     

内蒙古佛塔探寻

<正>我国是一个民族众多、历史悠久的文明古国。各民族在长期与自然界和社会环境相适应的斗争中,创造了各自灿烂的物质文化和精神文化。在考古发掘中出土的大量文物以及地面上残留的各类遗迹,都是这些文化的最好见证。     

我国优秀女子双打比赛前三拍技术特征分析——以2021年十四运会女双决赛为例

羽毛球前三拍技术决定着双打比赛的走向,影响运动员在比赛伊始的主被动关系,本研究对我国优秀羽毛球女子双打运动员在中华人民共和国第十四届运动会(以下简称十四运会)女双决赛中前三拍技术应用进行分析。对陈清晨、贾一凡(以下简称凡晨组合)、杜玥、李茵晖(以下简称李杜组合)在十四运会女双决赛中的比赛录像进行观察统计,以比赛中发球的落点、得失分;接发球的落点、技术应用次数以及得失分;第三拍回球落点、技术运用及得失分情况进行统计分析,以期为基层梯队中女子双打、男子双打乃至混合双打的训练提供参考依据。结果发现:我国优秀女双运动员发球落点集中在1区和5区,发球技术较稳定;接发球运用最多的技术为推球和扑球;第三拍技术在两对运动员之间存在差异,且均有失分情况出现。     

Towards new learning environments—Collective civic actions as learning interventions in post-Communist Belgrade

This article focuses on the social dimension of well-being, based on a critical analysis of the way it is conceptualised in late capitalism: As the dimensions of individual state of mind and body, something that evolves in the individual realm, stressing personal responsibility and achievement of well-being as a solitary act. Then, the contemporary conceptualisation and approaches to policy making for well-being are compared with the policy of adult and youth education and learning. The perspective of a strong individual orientation, detachment from the social, community and collective aspects and efforts seem to be a common denominator. Agency is considered not only as a possibility for individuals to create and change the environment, but also as a process of active co-construction of social reality. This includes (re)connection with a community, very often through new ways of community learning, civic actions and civic activities. An analysis of how these perspectives converge in civic interventions in urban areas of Belgrade places togetherness at the core of the broader approach to well-being and learning. This article presents several examples of civic activities in urban spaces whose learning character is interpreted within the concept of public pedagogy. The examples presented prevail in the post-Communist countries because public spaces as zones of civic interventions can oppose the controlling authority and through the fight for human and civil rights represent the bottom line of togetherness and collective agency. Learning through collective civic actions thus provides new ways of understanding well-being.     

The Ultimate Beneficiaries of Continuing Professional Development Programs: Middle School Students’ Nature of Science Views

The effective continuing professional development (CPD) programs primarily aim to have an impact on teachers’ knowledge bases, beliefs, and views and their classroom practices, which rationally lead most of the researchers to investigate those changes on teachers primarily. Although neglected, the interrelationship between CPD programs and students is considered complex, and CPDs ultimately aim to have an impact on students’ views, too. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to survey the changes of middle school students’ views of the nature of science (NOS) by providing a large-scale CPD to their teachers and, in other words, identify the impact of CPD on ultimate beneficiaries, namely students. In this study, 10 science teachers’ data and, in the first phase, 481 and, in the second phase, 422 students’ data and the changes in their NOS views were analyzed. Results showed that the students’ and teachers’ NOS views changed positively. For the impact of teachers on the students’ views, the teachers’ prior NOS knowledge, years of experience, and the number of implemented activities were found to be the influential factors for the transmission of NOS views.

     

河南省散打裁判队伍的现状分析及发展对策

文章运用文献资料法、访谈法、问卷调查法、数理统计法,对河南省武术运动管理中心注册的一级以上的散打裁判员的基本现状进行了调查研究,旨在促进河南省散打裁判员的队伍建设,规范裁判员的管理工作,为河南省散打项目的发展提供参考。     

古代铜镜文明

2007年10月中旬,全国第七届民间收藏文化高层论坛在湖北荆州市召开,主旨为铜镜文化,有多位铜镜研究专家与会。会议就铜镜的内涵、源流、纹饰及其制作工艺等作了全方位、多角度的探讨,提出了很多有益的见解。本期我们选发杜迺松、孙克让、董亚巍、王棣四位先生的文章,希望能对铜镜收藏者有所裨益。     

Skeleton Changes Induced by Horse Riding on Medieval Skeletal Remains from Croatia

Skeletal remains of 35 individuals from the Croatian excavation site Kamen Most – Kaldrma from the fourteenth to fifteenth centuries were analyzed anthropologically. Due to specific skeletal characteristics, eight of them were analyzed in great detail in this study. The results of additional analysis indicated that all bone elements, except pelves, of all eight persons belonged to males. All pelvic girdle have characteristics of female sex and pronounced muscle attachments that are both indicative of horse riding. All eight persons had at least two of six changes on femora indicative of horse riding. Vertebrae of seven persons (one person did not have preserved vertebrae) have Schmorl's nodes. Signs of advanced osteoarthritis were found on all joints in all eight persons. All of them also have visible signs of periostitis especially on lower extremities. Pathological signs of trauma were found in five persons. Two of them had skull fractures and the rest had fractures of extremities which are also characteristic for horse riders. The average age of all eight persons was above 45 years at death. DNA analysis confirmed male sex for seven individuals. The results were additionally confirmed by later archeological findings of tombstones with illustrations of horse riders.     

大型体育赛事新建场馆赛后利用问题研究

举办大型体育赛事,往往要新建一定数量的体育场馆,很多城市在比赛结束后,这些场馆就被闲置甚至废弃,新建场馆的赛后利用问题一直是困扰主办城市的一个问题,运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、实地调查法等研究方法,分析了新建场馆赛后利用率低的原因,同时借鉴一些成功的经验,提出了一些提高新建场馆赛后利用率的对策与方法。