Public relations: The process of communication between a higher education institution and its environment: The case of the Wroclław university of economics

This article presents the practical application of the public relations process through an analysis of its consecutive phases with reference to the Wrocl?aw University of Economics, Poland. The author examines the four phases of the process (research, action, communication, and evalu ation), concentrating on the first phase, situation analysis. The diagnostic phase is based on research that was carried out among students of the university that gave rise to a sample consisting of 1,123 respondents to a questionnaire. The main aim of the research was to identify the opinions and attitudes of students in regard to their university, their evaluation of the way it functions, and their perceptions of its image.     

印尼“先达国语”词汇语法特点概说

在印尼苏北省第二大城市先达,通行着一种类似西南官话的语言变体,当地华人称之为“先达国语”。本文简要介绍“先达国语”的产生和发展情况,在此基础上,对主要的语言变异特点——词汇和语法方面的典型特征进行分析和讨论,以期揭示在复杂的海外语言环境下先达国语的特色。     

Before,During, and After Examination: Development of Prospective Preschool Teachers’ Mathematics-Related Enjoyment and Self-Efficacy

This article examines the stability of Norwegian prospective preschool teachers’ enjoyment of mathematics and their mathematics-related self-efficacy before, during, and after a teacher-education examination. In addition, the stability of the two constructs across countries was examined through a comparison with Germany. The data revealed partial stability (technically speaking, metric invariance) of enjoyment but not of self-efficacy. Self-efficacy increased significantly before and after the examination without decreasing enjoyment, which may be a result of increased learning time. Prior mathematical knowledge predicted the level and development of enjoyment and self-efficacy in both countries. Many Norwegian students reported low mathematics-related enjoyment and self-efficacy, including negative developments. It may be important to provide positive experiences of mathematical activities during preschool teacher education.     

The Changing Face of Teaching in England and Portugal: A study of work experiences of secondary school teachers

This paper reports research into the perceived effects of educational reform among secondary school teachers in England and Wales and Portugal. While the two countries have different education histories, as in most countries across the world teachers' lives and work are being affected by increased centralised interventions in the name of raising standards of achievement. In the case of England, interventions since the late 1980s have touched every facet of school government, curriculum and assessment, whereas in Portugal, this process did not begin until the late 1990s. The paper focuses upon teachers' experiences in these two communities, which are in different transition phases. By doing so it is possible, even within the different cultures, to identify common problems experienced by teachers within the reforms and their management which challenge existing identities, values and commitments and which are creating new forms of compliant professionalism.     

The development of the nature of science view scale (NOSvs) at university level

Background: Determining individuals’ views of the nature of science is quite important for researchers since it is both a component of scientific literacy and a fundamental aim of science education.

Purpose: This study aims to develop a NOSvs for assessing prospective teachers’ views of the nature of science and to analyse their psychometric properties.

Sample: A total of 565 prospective teachers participated in the study.

Design and methods: The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) Index and Bartlett’s Sphericity Test were used in this study. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to determine the construct validity of the scale. Cronbach’s Alpha (α) coefficient was calculated for the reliability of the study.

Results: It was consequently found that the KMO was larger than .50. That Bartlett’s Sphericity Test was also statistically significant. The items with item-total correlations smaller than .30 were removed from the scale. Cronbach’s α values calculated for each sub-scale were above .70. In consequence of the first CFA performed, fit indices were found to be below the expected level. For this reason, three more items with the least item-total correlations were removed from the scale. Following the CFA, the final form of the scale included 36 items and five sub-scales.     

Asian Perspectives on European Higher Education

Asia and Europe have long influenced each other by means of international trade, technology transfer, and foreign policy. Today, Asian countries are searching for more competitive answers in an increasingly competitive world. Educational mobility among countries, especially between Asia and Europe, is the key to unlocking the answer. To achieve the desired educational mobility requires bilingualism (English as the common medium for learning and instruction) and quality education with internationally recognized diplomas and degrees in higher education. A future Asian/European Credit Transfer System is imminent and possible with the implementation of ERASMUS ECTS (European Credit Transfer System) and UCTS (UMAP Credit Transfer System) frameworks. The path to success hinges on the application of knowledge management and risk management to this international challenge for improved educational management. By this means, the prospects for greater understanding and greater economic potential and prosperity can be achieved for both Asian and European nations.     

基于STM32的远程升级系统的设计

本文介绍了一种基于STM32芯片的远程升级系统的设计方案。简述了从数据下载线、客户端、服务器到数据库MYSQL设计的全部过程,并提供了客户端、服务器的通信细节分析,提供了升级操作的可靠性和便利性。