体力活动与癌症生存研究的10大问题

摘要：今天的美国有1 400万的癌症存活者,其中的很多存活者中都接受了多种治疗,包括手术、放疗、化疗、靶向治疗等。这些治疗能够延长生存时间,但同时也会带来很多急慢性的副作用,危害健康,影响生活质量。体力活动（PA）与癌症生存这一领域发展迅速,主要研究PA对癌症患者的影响。基于该领域的研究进展,提出了以下10大研究问题：1）PA能够降低癌症复发风险、和/或提高存活吗？2）PA能够影响癌症治疗决策、完成率、和/或患者对治疗的反应吗？3）癌症存活者的最佳运动处方是什么？4）静坐少动行为对癌症存活者有何影响？5）癌症存活者最有效的体力活动干预方案是什么？6）哪些癌症会影响病人对PA的反应？7）癌症存活者进行体力活动时需要注意的安全问题有哪些？8）哪些具体的癌症症状可以由PA解决？9）对于癌症晚期患者,体力活动还有何作用？10）如何将体力活动研究结果转化到临床和社区肿瘤实践中来？上述问题的回答至关重要,这不仅关系到体力活动和癌症存活这一研究领域的发展,更重要的是,能够为每年数百万新诊断为癌症的病人、正在接受癌症治疗的病人、治疗结束处于恢复中的病人或是那些正在与晚期癌症抗争的病人带来福音。     

迷上练习场

在许多职业赛事上,你不用破费很多就可以大有所获。乔·狄克逊的下巴紧紧贴在球场的钢丝网上,场内的罗杰·费德勒现在离她只有不到5码远。这位她最喜爱的网球选手,在她的注视下练习完上旋发球后,接着开始练习正手抽击。这是一记典型的费德勒式正拍,球"嗖"地飞出,刚刚过网,狠狠地砸在了边线上。狄克逊情不自禁地吹了个口哨,费德勒轻     

巴黎风情画——Blizzard WWI 2008赛场日记

很荣幸参加2008 Blizzard Enter- tainment Worldwide Invitational,作为WE魔兽世界竞技场战队的成员。第一次参加《魔兽世界:燃烧的远征》(World of WarCraft:The Burning Crusade)的竞技场大赛,虽然最后没能取得理想的成绩,但从魔兽世界目前极少的线下赛来看,WWI确实是一次难得的锻炼机会,这次失败也促使我更加努力的练习,对胜利的渴望,遗憾绝对不会留到下次!     

分析VS山寨DotA 6．57C火爆的原因

Data我已经近一年没有怎么碰过了,不是说我不喜欢DatA,我确信我一直都在深深的喜欢。但是自从两年前我把自己的爱好转变成了职业（一直做编辑嘛）,玩DatA的时候却一直提不起来兴趣。也难怪,天天看DatA相关的东西,想不审美疲劳都难,再也回不到当初把DatA当爱好的年代了。最近才感觉稍微好了一点,每天下班回家路人娱乐逐渐恢复水平。     

浅谈初级DotA CW阵容与节奏的掌握

DotA游戏基本可以分为以下几个层次：单机AI、路人战、IH、CW比赛。当你厌倦了每天在路人房里孤军备战,而有时队友又让你无奈。或许会找到一个小团体进行IH、内战、开黑,而开黑时往往双方实力悬殊,不能良好地发挥个人实力,基本会养成一些路人战的坏习惯。这时找一个大的平台,进行CW吧!这更正式、更有竞技性,双方都有很强实力的比赛是非常精彩的。其中在IH以后就要考虑阵容问题了,而高等CW还要考虑相互克制关系,团战破解对方优势的打法,这里主要谈一下目前较热的初级CW的一些细节。     

《电子竞技》专访：走近波兰战神NEO

今天《电子竞技》特约记者N.n为大家带来一个neo的独家采访。采访的过程其实是一波三折的,早在一个月前我们打算为这位憨态可掬的战神小朋友（呃,憨态可掬,原谅我用了这个词,暂时没有想到别的形容他可爱的词）做一个特别专访。     

The influence of self-determination in physical education on leisure-time physical activity behavior

Using a multitheory approach, this study was designed to investigate the influence of urban adolescents' perceived autonomy and competence in physical education on their physical activity intentions and behaviors during leisure time. A transcontextual model was hypothesized and tested. Urban adolescents (N=653, ages 11-15 years) completed questionnaires assessing relevant psychological constructs and moderate to vigorous physical activity and then had their cardiorespiratory fitness assessed with the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER) test. Based on our structural equation modeling analyses and fit indexes, the transcontextual model adequately fit the data. We concluded that the two theoretical frameworks--SDT and theory of planned behavior--can be integrated to provide an enhanced understanding of the influence of physical education on leisure-time physical activity. The results revealed that perceived autonomy and competence in physical education are interrelated and function as a whole for enhancing leisure-time physically active intentions and behavior.     

Coaches' encouragement of athletes' imagery use

To investigate whether coaches encourage their athletes to use imagery, two studies were undertaken. In the first, 317 athletes completed the Coaches' Encouragement of Athletes' Imagery Use Questionnaire. In the second, 215 coaches completed a slightly modified version of this questionnaire. It was found that coaches and athletes generally agreed on the relative frequency with which coaches encourage athletes to use imagery across the 4 Ws (i.e., where, when, why, and what). Coaches promoted imagery use more in conjunction with competition than training and injury rehabilitation, and higher-level coaches encouraged imagery use far more than their recreational counterparts. In addition, the level of athlete being coached had a major impact on how much or little coaches encouraged their athletes to use imagery. Coaches encouraged higher level athletes (i.e., international, national, varsity) to use imagery more than club and recreational athletes.     

The influence of game location and outcome on behaviour and mood states among professional rugby league players

In this study, we examined the relationship between home and away matches on mood. In addition, the relationships between game location, game outcome, behavioural factors, and mood were investigated among 12 professional English rugby league players competing in the Super League. Participants completed daily diaries for 27 days. The diary consisted of six analogue scales measuring mood (relaxed-tense, energetic-weary, depressed-elated, tired-alert, anxious-calm, cheerful-miserable) as well as behavioural factors and self-rated performance. There were no significant differences in self-reported mood states leading up to home or away matches except for players feeling more tired when playing away. Significant relationships between mood and behaviours (e.g. sleep and eating) and subjective performance were observed. The outcome of the match was found to influence mood, with a defeat resulting in decreased mood. Our results show that game location did not influence mood and therefore does not provide an explanation for the home advantage.     

Relational efficacy beliefs in athlete dyads: an investigation using actor-partner interdependence models

The first purpose of this study was to examine the interrelationships among three forms of relational efficacy within performing dyads, namely, self-efficacy, other-efficacy, and relation-inferred self-efficacy. The second objective was to examine the relationships between these efficacy beliefs and athletes' perceptions of their commitment to and satisfaction with their current partnership. Participants were 120 junior tennis players (age, M = 14.30 years, SD = 1.21) performing within 60 intact pairs (i.e., doubles). Results revealed that self-efficacy and other-efficacy were predictive of athlete commitment and satisfaction, respectively. In addition, by utilizing actor-partner interdependence models, partner as well as actor effects were evident. The findings illustrate that relational efficacy beliefs may not only have implications for the individual holding such beliefs, but also for his or her relational partner. Implications for the future study of efficacy beliefs within dyadic contexts are discussed.