University and Social Involvement at the Neighborhood Level: Implications for Social Work Education

The article describes and evaluates an innovative experiment in education and training of social workers at an academic learning center, which was established by the Hebrew University's School of Social Work and Social Welfare in a neighborhood of Jerusalem. The project focused on strengthening the link between theory, research, and practice. Participants were exposed to advanced theories and macropractice seminars, and gained practical experience as well as tools and technologies for coping with the social problems faced by Jerusalem neighborhoods. In that process, they became aware of the difficulties involved in initiating programs and in establishing coalitions with neighborhood institutions, residents, and other constituencies. The article deals with the achievements of the learning center, as well as with the difficulties and dilemmas encountered in the effort to sustain collaboration between the university and the community. In addition, issues related to supervision of students specializing in community work and practice, and implications for social work education are presented and discussed.     

Kindergarten students’ and parents’ perceptions of science classroom environments: Achievement and attitudes

This study, involving the modification, validation and use of a learning environment questionnaire for both kindergarten students and their parents, is significant because prior learning environment research has normally involved neither parents nor such young students. A questionnaire, which was based on the What Is Happening In this Class? and assessed actual and preferred teacher support, involvement, cooperation and equity, exhibited sound factorial validity, internal consistency reliability and the ability to differentiate between classrooms. Parents perceived a more favourable actual classroom environment than students, but students preferred a more favourable environment than parents. Associations were found between kindergarten students’ achievement and attitudes and the nature of the learning environment.     

Serial position effects in social transmission of food preference: Retention/demonstration intervals

The effects of retention and demonstration intervals on serial position were evaluated in two experiments with Long-Evans rats. A list of 3 demonstrators that had eaten one of three flavored foods was presented to naive observers. In Experiment 1, there were four groups, three groups with a retention interval compared with one group with a zero retention interval or no retention interval. In Experiment 2, the demonstration interval was reduced. Intervals of 15, 5, 2, and 1 min were used. In Experiment 1, primacy decreased gradually in the four groups as the retention interval was increased in duration. In Experiment 2, primacy also decreased gradually, and recency occurred with the 1-min demonstrator interval. The increase in the duration of the retention interval reduced primacy. The reduction in the duration of the demonstration interval decreased primacy and produced recency.     

Cambios evolutivos en el patrón de lateralización en dos grupos de inmigrantes

Resumen

Se han estudiado los cambios evolutivos de la participación hemisférica cerebral en 80 estudiantes de instituto germanosuecos y en 28 adultos polaco-suecos que llegaron como refugiados políticos desde Polonia a Succia. Mediante un estudio transversal tomando como principal variable independiente la duración de la estancia en Suecia, se encontró que la competencia en la segunda lengua (sueco) variaba desde cero hasta un nivel similar al de los nativos. Se tomaron varias medidas lingüísticas en los dos idiomas como el nivel de palabras mediante pruebas taquistoscópicas y el nivel de palabras y frases con escucha dicótica. Los resultados de las diversas modalidades mostraron la menor participación del hemisferio izquierdo a mayor nivel de bilingüismo. El cambio gradual hacia el hemisferio derecho ocurrió tanto en los bilingües tempranos como en los tardíos, y en la L1 y la L2 en idiomas similares. En idiomas diferentes se obtuvo un efecto significativo marginal sólo para la L2. Se discuten los resultados en función de las hipótesis actuales sobre la lateralización y se ofrecen datos en contra de la hipótesis de los estadios.     

有形技术支持的学习新进展

通过分析目前有形技术使用中活动形式与呈现形式的性能，作者尝试对有形技术提供的交互性能进行概述。同时作者也对不断发展的心理学领域与教育领域中的一些相关研究进行综述，从而为有形技术支持的学习之研究汲取理论基础。在此基础上，作者提供了有形技术教育应用的一些案例。最后，对这些研究对未来研究、应用与实践的启示进行了简要论述。