Trajectories of Adjustment in a Brazilian Sample of Street-Involved Youth

Trajectories of adjustment were examined in a sample of street-involved youth across a 1-year period. Participants (N = 113; M_age = 14.18 years; 80.5% male, 91% non-White) were recruited in three Brazilian cities. Interviews conducted at three time points included six measures of physical and psychological adjustment. Unconditional growth models revealed linear declines over time (i.e., improved adjustment) on three indicators: health symptoms, sexual risk behaviors, and negative affect. There were no linear changes in drug use, positive affect, or life satisfaction. Conditional growth models revealed few significant effects for age or gender, but ratings of stressful life events moderated longitudinal changes in health symptoms, drug use, and negative affect. Implications for practice, policy, and theory are discussed.     

Related Multiscreening as a Strategy to Retain Audiences and Increase Persuasion During a Commercial Break

The aim of the study was to deepen our understanding of how related multiscreening affects audience memory and persuasion. A survey was administered after a live television show. The results showed that the higher the perceived relatedness of the multi-screen activity, the more persuasive the message. This effect was mediated by subsequent attention to television content, program involvement, and attention to the commercial break. The model was replicated for three different multiscreen activities: social media use, chatting, and information search. Furthermore, it was found that related multiscreening increased the likelihood of respondents staying tuned to the television after the show.     

How Much Time Do You Spend Online? Understanding and Improving the Accuracy of Self-Reported Measures of Internet Use

Given the importance of survey measures of online media use for communication research, it is crucial to assess and improve their quality, in particular because the increasingly fragmented and ubiquitous usage of internet complicates the accuracy of self-reported measures. This study contributes to the discussion regarding the accuracy of self-reported internet use by presenting relevant factors potentially affecting biases of self-reports and testing survey design strategies to improve accuracy. Combining automatic tracking data and survey data from the same participants (N = 690) confirmed low levels of accuracy and tendencies of over-reporting. The analysis revealed biases due to a range of factors associated with the intensity of (actual) internet usage, propensity to multitask, day of reference, and the usage of mobile devices. An anchoring technique could not be proved to reduce inaccuracies of reporting behavior. Several recommendations for research practice follow from these findings.     

The Use of Different Translation Devices to Analyze Knowledge-Building in a University Chemistry Classroom

Research in Science Education - This research draws on Legitimation Code Theory (LCT) to understand the epistemic dimension of the higher education classroom discourse of a professor who is well...     

A Remote Sensing Class Exercise to Study the Effects of El Niño in South America

Satellite remote sensing techniques can be used for conducting environmental change detection studies following a natural disaster. Modern computer technology and free access to global satellite imagery allows educators to introduce undergraduate students to the fields of remote sensing and encourage their scientific participation through a research assignment that also serves as an educational exercise. The undergraduate physical science laboratory manuals used in higher education that contain printed remote sensing material often fail to effectively achieve these goals. This class exercise utilizes digital satellite imagery for studying the floods that resulted in the Paraná River region in South America during El Niño 1997–98. In addition, it examines vegetation cover and spectral profiles from the study area in order to further understand and assess the changes that were caused by this recurrent climatic anomaly.     

Some recent Unesco publications

Notes and Reviews

Some recent Unesco publications     

Teaching strategies to create visual representations of key ideas in content area text materials: A longterm intervention inserted in school curriculum

This paper describes a long-term research in which middle-grade school children were taught how to represent visually text key ideas through idea-mapping techniques. It consists of three studies, one for each year of our research. Children were at sixth grade when the instruction began, and they were at eighth grade when it finished. Another group of children from a different public school served as control group. Instruction was very close to the real school conditions: instructors were ordinary teachers, instruction was inserted in the content area curriculum, and ordinary textbooks were regularly employed, though combined with specially elaborated materials. Results were positive in the case of the first and third year, depending on instructional conditions. Positive effects were found on recall, comprehension and learning, but they were different in the three studies. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

La educación de los sentidos en la Argentina de Perón. El caso de la revista Noticioso y la cinematografía escolar

RESUMEN

En la Argentina de mediados del siglo XX comenzó con un fuerte sesgo estatal a pensarse en la cinematografía escolar como un eficaz método pedagógico de difusión de un pretendido ideario simultáneamente emancipador y propagandístico. Del mismo modo que otros gobiernos de diversas filiaciones ideológicas, la presidencia de Juan Domingo Perón estuvo signadas por una política de la imagen que se enfocó en educar los sentidos de las futuras generaciones de argentinos. En este caso se muestra una política en particular, como lo fue la revista Noticioso entre 1952 y 1955, cuyo análisis refleja el exponencial crecimiento del rol estatal, hasta ocupar un lugar central no sólo en la reproducción de cine educativo, sino también de la filmación, distribución y proyección de los celuloides. En síntesis, con la creación en 1948 del Departamento de Radioenseñanza y Cinematografía Escolar como organismo específicamente dedicado a la enseñanza audiovisual, y especialmente con la publicación de Noticioso, puede verse un síntoma de las políticas gubernamentales que el peronismo forjó para la formación de nuevos ciudadanos, en el marco de la pretendida Nueva Argentina.