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961.
Elizabeth M. Planalp Han Du Julie M. Braungart-Rieker 《Structural equation modeling》2017,24(1):129-147
Although methodology articles have increasingly emphasized the need to analyze data from two members of a dyad simultaneously, the most popular method in substantive applications is to examine dyad members separately. This might be due to the underappreciation of the extra information simultaneous modeling strategies can provide. Therefore, the goal of this study was to compare multiple growth curve modeling approaches for longitudinal dyadic data (LDD) in both structural equation modeling and multilevel modeling frameworks. Models separately assessing change over time for distinguishable dyad members are compared to simultaneous models fitted to LDD from both dyad members. Furthermore, we compared the simultaneous default versus dependent approaches (whether dyad pairs’ Level 1 [or unique] residuals are allowed to covary and differ in variance). Results indicated that estimates of variance and covariance components led to conflicting results. We recommend the simultaneous dependent approach for inferring differences in change over time within a dyad. 相似文献
962.
This study, based on the theoretical model of Teacher Self-Efficacy proposed by Denham and Michael (1981), explored the effects
of prior training, previous teaching experience, and certain demographic variables on the teaching self-efficacy of graduate
teaching assistants. An adapted version of the Self-Efficacy Toward Teaching Inventory (Tollerud, 1990) was administered to
a sample of graduate teaching assistants. Graduate teaching assistants with prior training endorsed a significantly higher
level of self-efficacy than those with no training. Correlational analyses demonstrated significant positive relationships
between prior training and previous teaching experience with level of self-efficacy. Multiple regression analysis indicated
that previous teaching experience explained a significant amount of variance in self-efficacy. Results are discussed in light
of the current training and utilization of graduate teaching assistants, and suggestions for future research are offered.
is with the College of Education 相似文献
963.
Elizabeth Graue 《Early education and development》2006,17(1):43-56
Although readiness is often posed as the answer in early childhood education, there is typically confusion about exactly what question this complex term responds to. In this article, I explore common uses of the term readiness, examine their theoretical and empirical problems, and suggest a more synthetic conception that merges attention to the child, the school, and the community. I argue that readiness is an ethical responsibility we have to children that encompasses coordinated systems of early care and education and receptive schools that are developmental, inclusive, and accountable to all. 相似文献
964.
Johnson DJ Jaeger E Randolph SM Cauce AM Ward J;National Institute of Child Health Human Development Early Child Care Research Network 《Child development》2003,74(5):1227-1244
Evidence is presented of the different cultural and ecological contexts affecting early child care for families of color. It is argued that improvements on previous research require a fundamental shift in how race, ethnicity, and culture as psychological variables are examined. Furthermore, to avoid the pitfalls and failures of previous research, new research must incorporate expanded models of child care and development in childhood. The integrative model of development for children of color proposed by Garcia Coll et al. (1996) is presented as a basis for developing more specific ecological models relevant to addressing child care issues in ethnic minority families. Finally, priority areas for future research are recommended to stimulate and enable child care researchers to adopt a more inclusive view of child care and its effects. 相似文献
965.
Following the Swann Report of 1985 and its recommendation of ‘Education for All’, the need for multicultural education in all areas was generally recognized. School‐based attempts to respond have been little researched, as has minority ethnic pupil development from the pupil's point of view. Eighteen months’ ethnographic work in six main primary schools revealed a number of predominant themes, including that reported here of ‘integration and disintegration’. Their nature, the implications for pupil learning, and the conditions attending them are explored in relation to adapting to school in the early years; transfer between schools at ages seven and nine; relationships among pupils; and pupils’ experience of the curriculum. Integration and disintegration were found to be associated with certain factors at general societal and governmental, community, institutional and individual levels. Integrational features appear to promote pupil learning and development, disintegrational to obstruct and disrupt. The analysis appears to support, amongst other things, democratic, participatory procedures in schools and collaborative learning in its widest sense involving teachers, pupils and parents. 相似文献
966.
Elizabeth A.C. Rushton Michael J. Reiss 《International Journal of Science Education》2019,41(11):1541-1561
We explore the professional identities of UK-based secondary science teachers who actively participated in science research for at least six months. The study uses thematic analysis to analyse semi-structured interviews with 17 participants across England and Scotland, from a variety of educational/socio-economic contexts. We found that through participation in research projects, teachers develop a multi-faceted sense of professional identity that includes the roles of teacher, scientist/researcher, mentor and coach. Teachers who are research-active develop complex professional networks that have a positive impact upon their sense of professional worth and self-belief. Through participation in research, teachers identified as both science teachers and scientists and this has been encapsulated in this research as a transition in professional identity to ‘teacher scientist’. The key enabling factor in identification as a ‘teacher scientist’ is a teacher’s positive interaction with scientists/researchers. Teachers are motivated to participate in research projects in response to the enthusiasm of their students and a desire for students to contribute to research that could provide solutions to real-world challenges. This understanding of the capacity of science teachers to become ‘teacher scientists’, and recognising teachers' altruistic motivations, could contribute to teacher retention and recruitment strategies that are less focused on financial incentives. 相似文献
967.
OBJECTIVE: In a previous study, we found that new mothers could and would express concerns about their parenting, including concerns about maltreatment and poor care. In this study, we examine the utility of early maternal concerns for predicting parenting stress in the first year. Parenting stress is important because it has been shown to be related to maltreatment and poor parent-child relationships. METHOD: A sample of 246 mothers were interviewed shortly after delivery in a publicly funded hospital about their parenting concerns, and 93% were reinterviewed in their homes about their parenting when the infants were 6 to 12 months old. Standardized measures with demonstrated psychometric properties were employed, including a measure of parenting stress due to the demands of the parenting role, characteristics of the child that make him or her difficult to care for, and stress due to difficult interactions. RESULTS: Multiple regression results indicate that both mothers concerns at delivery and sociodemographic variables are significant predictors of all three types of parenting stress in infancy. Maternal concerns were more powerful than sociodemographics in predicting stress related to the demands of parenting, while sociodemographics were more powerful for the prediction of stress related to difficult child characteristics and difficult mother-infant interaction. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that knowledge of new mothers' parenting concerns might be useful for predicting parenting problems, as well as for engaging mothers' in and enhancing the effectiveness of parenting services. 相似文献
968.
ABSTRACTThe Thesis by Publication (TBP) is an approach to doctoral education that offers the advantage of achievement of a doctoral degree while at the same time facilitating development of transferable knowledge and skills necessary to enter and sustain a career in contemporary academia. There is a need to build deeper understanding of the demands of the TBP, and the characteristics of those who select it over the more common traditional approach to enable universities to provide doctoral education programmes and policies that are responsive to doctoral students’ needs. Such knowledge can also facilitate timely completion, and improve understanding of the extent of TBP candidates’ contribution to institutions’ research outputs. This study draws on survey data from 246 doctoral graduates from universities in Australia, where the TBP is comparatively new but increasing in popularity. The article identifies the characteristics of candidates who complete a TBP in Australia, before exploring the typical scope of time commitment, through making visible their length of candidature. Finally, volume, type, authorship and publication status of research outputs are detailed, enabling prospective candidates and their supporting institutions to gauge the possible scope of time commitment and research outputs to inform support services and policies, and to guide supervisory and student choices between traditional and TBP models. 相似文献
969.
Diane Gillespie Nives Dolšak Bruce Kochis Ron Krabill Kari Lerum Anne Peterson Elizabeth Thomas 《Innovative Higher Education》2005,30(3):149-162
This article describes and assesses “Research Circles” as a mechanism for enhancing faculty collegiality and research. Recently
established on our campus, these circles, composed of three to four faculty members, have had a particularly powerful effect
on the new faculty members' adjustment to their tenure track positions, especially since they entered a context that might
otherwise have been challenging: a new interdisciplinary upper-division campus with high expectations for teaching excellence.
Based on the end-of-year evaluations, journals, and focus groups, the co-authors described themes that emerged from their
participation in these circles. Circle participation not only facilitated faculty writing throughout their first year, but
it also fostered the development of an interdisciplinary community which nurtured creativity and risk taking in writing.
All authors are currently teaching in Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences (IAS) at The University of Washington, Bothell (UWB).
Except for Diane Gillespie, Professor and Associate Director of IAS, all other authors are Assistant Professors in IAS. Diane
Gillespie received her Ph.D. in cultural and psychological studies in education from The University of Nebraska, Lincoln.
Her interests include critical pedagogy, narrative psychology, and cultural diversity. Nives Dolšak received a joint Ph.D.
in public policy and political science from Indiana University. Her interests include public policy, environmental policy,
and international relations. Bruce Kochis, received his Ph.D. in Slavic languages & literatures at the University of Michigan.
He focuses on global human rights policy, discourse analysis, and political theory. Ron Krabill received his Ph.D. in sociology
and historical studies from New School for Social Research. His interests include comparative media, politics and social movements
with a special emphasis on South Africa, as well as the study of peace, conflict, social justice, and human rights. Kari Lerum
received her Ph.D. in sociology from The University of Washington. Her interests include culture, organizations, sexuality,
qualitative methods, and visual studies. Anne Peterson received her Ph.D. from Washington University. Her interests include
urban politics and policy and the distribution of natural resources at the local level. Elizabeth Thomas received her Ph.D.
in psychology from The University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign. Her interests include community-based resources for adolescent
development, cultural psychology, and the social context of learning. 相似文献
970.
Elizabeth J. Whitt 《About Campus》1996,1(4):31-32
In 1995 a team of student affairs practitioners and faculty got together under the auspices of NASPA to explore the connection between student learning and student affairs practice. The propositions discussed here are an important result of their work. 相似文献