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941.
Janice A. Meliska Charles J. Meliska Kermit T. Hoyenga Katherine B. Hoyenga Eric F. Ward 《Learning & behavior》1975,3(2):135-139
Forty-eight maleBetta splendens were assigned to three groups of 16 (eight pairs) each. In two of the groups, pairs of fish were first allowed to fight until a dominance-subordinance relationship was established. Then each subject was tested on measures of time spent in approach and threat display toward either (1) its own pair member, with which it was experienced and familiar (Group EF), or toward (2) another combat-experienced fish, with which it was unfamiliar (Group EU). A third group of inexperienced and unfamiliar individuals (Group IU) were first exposed to their own mirror images and then tested for approach and threat-display duration. Pairs of these fish were then allowed to fight until dominance was determined. The three major findings were: (a) Dominant subjects approached and displayed significantly more than subordinates in all three groups; (2) Dominant subjects of Group IU did not differ significantly from dominants in the other two groups with respect to time spent in approach and display; and (3) Fish exposed to mirrors prior to combat required significantly fewer sessions to establish dominance than fish not receiving mirror exposure. Results suggest that dominant fish can be distinguished on the basis of their approach tendency and threat-display scores prior to actual physical combat. An habituation model of dominance determination was proposed. 相似文献
942.
943.
Eric Jabal Dominique Rivière 《Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education》2007,28(2):197-217
This article uses a fictionalized scenario to examine how three students at an “ordinary” suburban high school in Canada negotiate the context-specific conditions, discourses, and practices that make schools important sites of identity formation. It argues that drawing from Foucault's ideas on the “subjection” of individuals, as well as from the field of performance studies, provides a fresh perspective to redress the potential mismatches between official multicultural education discourses and the lived schooling realities of students. In the process, it demonstrates how subjection and adolescent performativity can be useful analytics through which to understand student identities and/in schooling. The article concludes with some implications for shifts in policy, pedagogy, and practice to help schools engage with student diversity. 相似文献
944.
Eric E. Goff Kelly Lynn Mulvey Matthew J. Irvin Adam Hartstone-Rose 《Research in Science & Technological Education》2020,38(3):272-288
ABSTRACT
Background
Recent reports have noted a need for increasing both the recruitment and retention of young people into the STEM disciplines. While many studies have reported on the benefits of classroom reform in formal education environments, less is known about the role of informal education programs in young people’s academic aspirations, interest and competence in science and math domains. 相似文献945.
Data from a nationally representative sample of 13,470 children aged 4-11 years were used to study contextual influences on children's mental health and school performance, the moderating effects of family immigrant status and underlying family processes that might explain these relationships. Despite greater socioeconomic disadvantage, children living in recent immigrant families had lower levels of emotional-behavioral problems and higher levels of school performance. Living in a neighborhood characterized with higher concentration of immigrants was associated with lower levels of emotional-behavioral problems among children living in immigrant families; the reverse was true for children living in nonimmigrant families. These differences are partially explained by family process variables. The implications of these findings for future research and policy are discussed. 相似文献
946.
While Where the Wild Things Are may be Maurice Sendak’s most popular book, In the Night Kitchen is arguably the greater work. Though his journey in Wild Things shares many of the elements of Mickey’s adventure in Night Kitchen—swinging between the protagonist’s initiatory verbal assertions and silent, completely pictorial spreads that indicate his
eventual dominance over his environment—Max’s story is ultimately only a narrative of the self. Where the Wild Things Are is a beautiful exploration of how Max (the maximum boy) is able to use an imaginative journey to create an individual personality that fills the world around him. But Mickey
must confront something more than merely a projection of his own desires. Mickey, unlike Max, is diminutive in his fantasy
world, and his adventure is a true dream shaped willy-nilly by his lived experience, not a daydream tailored to defend the
ego. The story told as Mickey learns to navigate the Night Kitchen is essentially a social narrative—more realistic, more
challenging, and with greater overall dividends than Max’s adventure. We can see this in the ways In the Night Kitchen combines four sorts of ingredients—Sendak’s own life, the psychology of dreaming, popular culture, and the immigrant experience—into
a subtle, captivating tale of the self and society.
相似文献
Eric S. RabkinEmail: |
947.
Eric L. Tribunella 《Children‘s Literature in Education》2007,38(2):87-101
The Outsiders if often credited with marking the emergence of YA literature. It was written by a teenager and was intended to represent
honestly the difficult lives of other young adults. Despite the novel’s audience and purpose and its potentially provocative
acknowledgment of the problems of social class, The Outsiders was readily institutionalized as part of school reading lists and educational curricula throughout the United States. Its
institutionalization can be accounted for in part by the way it offers a palliative to the problems it depicts. The protagonist,
Ponyboy, represents the novel itself as an intervention into those problems, but it works to reaffirm a notion of rugged individualism
and a faith in American education. Such lessons ultimately disarm the novel’s class critique and render it safe for educational
institutions.
相似文献
Eric L. TribunellaEmail: |
948.
Eric Ketelaar 《Archival Science》2007,7(4):343-357
Around 1800 the “paradigm of patrimony” recognized archives as cultural and national patrimony. That paradigm was, however,
not a new revolutionary invention. It had been fostered by a “patrimony consciousness” which had developed in the seventeenth
and eighteenth centuries. The value of archives as a patrimony to future generations was acknowledged first in the private
sphere by families and then by cities—communities of memory becoming communities of archives.
Eric Ketelaar is Professor of Archivistics in the Department of Mediastudies of the Faculty of Humanities of the University of Amsterdam. He is Honorary Professor at Monash University, Melbourne (Faculty of Information Technology). He engages with the social history of archives by researching the history of recordkeeping and the use of records and archives, resulting in articles on thirteenth century Dordrecht, sixteenth century Leiden, the eighteenth century Court of Holland, Dutch public administration 1795–1950, and record creation in the context of systematic management in Dutch enterprise, 1870–1940. He is particularly interested in the relationship between recordkeeping and organizational, professional, and national cultures, past and present. This led him further to study the role of records and archives in times of oppression, war, liberation, and reconciliation. 相似文献
Eric KetelaarEmail: |
Eric Ketelaar is Professor of Archivistics in the Department of Mediastudies of the Faculty of Humanities of the University of Amsterdam. He is Honorary Professor at Monash University, Melbourne (Faculty of Information Technology). He engages with the social history of archives by researching the history of recordkeeping and the use of records and archives, resulting in articles on thirteenth century Dordrecht, sixteenth century Leiden, the eighteenth century Court of Holland, Dutch public administration 1795–1950, and record creation in the context of systematic management in Dutch enterprise, 1870–1940. He is particularly interested in the relationship between recordkeeping and organizational, professional, and national cultures, past and present. This led him further to study the role of records and archives in times of oppression, war, liberation, and reconciliation. 相似文献
949.
Eric von Hippel 《Research Policy》1976,5(3):212-239
A sample of one hundred and eleven scientific instrument innovations was studied to determine the roles of instrument users and instrument manufacturers in the innovation processes which culminated in the successful commercialization of those instruments. Our key finding was that approximately 80% of the innovations judged by users to offer them a significant increment in functional utility were in fact invented, prototyped and first field-tested by users of the instrument rather than by an instrument manufacturer. The role of the first commercial manufacturer of the innovative instrument in all such cases was restricted, we found, to the performance of product engineering work on the user prototype (work which improved the prototype's reliability, ‘manufacturability’, and convenience of operation, while leaving its principles of operation intact) and to the manufacture and sale of the resulting innovative product. Thus, this research provides the interesting picture of an industry widely regarded as innovative in which the firms comprising the industry are not in themselves necessarily innovative, but rather — in 80% of the innovations sampled — only provide the product engineering and manufacturing function for innovative instrument users.We term the innovation pattern observed in scientific instruments a ‘user dominated’ one and suggest that such a pattern may play a major role in numerous industries. 相似文献
950.