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31.
N. Ananth Ganesh B. Balaji D. M. Vasudevan MD FRC Vivian D’Souza Ashalatha V. Rao Dinesh Nambiar 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1998,13(2):126-128
In a pilot study with five oral cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) three were given Granulocyte Macrophage Colony
Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) as a protective agent to reduce the mucosal inflammation during radiotherapy. The myeloperoxidase
(MPO) enzyme activity in WBC was quantitated. The three patients showed a significant increase in the MPO activity when compared
with two untreated controls indicating the efficacy of GM-CSF as a protective agent. It is suggested that further detailed
studies with larger number of patients would be useful. 相似文献
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Loel Kim Amanda J. Young Robert A. Neimeyer PhD Justin N. Baker MD Raymond C. Barfield 《Technical Communication Quarterly》2013,22(3):335-357
Viewing “informing” as a process to protect patients and support autonomy, we undertook a user-centered design process to develop online support for informed consent in pediatric Phase I research trials. Challenges included (a) delivering accurate information to people unfamiliar with medical terminology; (b) delivering this information humanely under time constraints and heightened emotions; (c) allowing users control over the information, while ensuring availability of legally required information. We addressed these challenges through analyses of audience, task, and information design. 相似文献
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M. Verwijnen MD Tj. Imbos MA H. Snellen MD B. Stalenhoef MD M. Pollemans MD S.v. Luyk MD 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》1982,7(3):225-244
The extensive scheme for both formative and summative assessment of medical students established at a new new medical school is described and discussed. The establishment of multi‐disciplinary project groups and the involvement of educationalists and psychometricians are unique features of the project. The wide range of testing procedures, including self‐assessment units, indicate the complexity of an evaluation program which attempts to cover ALL the competency domains relevant to medicine. The revelation of the incongruence of the program with the educational philosophy of the school shows the necessity for involvement of “consumers” in such programs. 相似文献
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This paper describes the concerns of the authors rearading the use of standardized achievement scores to measure the quality of practice-oriented school improvement activities in school districts. The authors organize their comments into four issues which are related to current educational practice. While the paper focuses on warnings against the misuse of measurement processes, the authors agree with the call for accountability in the education of students. At a time when educators are under pressure to show results, particularly in urban settings, the authors recommend caution in relying exclusively on quantitative measures in judging the complex process of school improvement. 相似文献
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Monique L’Hoir PhD Susanne Tetteroo BSc Magda Boere-Boonekamp MD PhD Elly Kloeze MSc Ingrid Bakker PhD Francisca Galindo Garre PhD Prof. Dr. Roland Naul 《Sportwissenschaft》2013,43(2):116-123
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the possible relationship between (un)healthy behaviour and (over)weight and physical condition in families with young children (4–7 years), in a village (30,000 inhabitants) in the eastern part of the Netherlands, close to Germany. It is one of two pilot studies as a precursor of a cross-border project including six Dutch and six German villages, to counteract physical inactivity and possible future metabolic problems. In total, 459 children of five elementary schools and their parents were included. Parents were requested to fill in a questionnaire on the nutritional, physical, sedentary, and sleeping behaviour of their child. Relevant background characteristics were obtained and lifestyle classifications were made. At school, the children's height and weight (body mass index (BMI)) were measured, as well as their physical condition (two tests) and basic motor abilities (four physical exercise tests). The relationship between the standardized BMI z-scores and physical condition test scores, and nutritional, physical, sedentary and sleeping habits was analysed using independent sample t-test, bivariate correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Latent class analysis was used to identify clusters of people based on their nutritional, physical and sleep habits. Of the parents, 376 (82?%) were willing to fill out the questionnaire. High birth weight and a high BMI of the mother and/or father correlated with a higher BMI of the child (ρ?=?0.28, p?<?0.001; ρ?=?0.13, p?=?0.016; and ρ?=?0.23, p?<?0.001, respectively). Daily playing outside, eating small cookies (compared with large cookies) and no sleeping problems (no waking up during the night) were related to low BMI levels (no overweight) [ρ?=???0.14, p?=?0.005; ρ?=???0.12, p?=?.020; t(364)?=?1.81, p?=?0.072 (trend), respectively]. Daily playing outside (frequency and duration) and being a member of a sports club were related to positive scores on the physical condition tests [ρ?=?0.20, p?<?0.001; t(365)?=???2.99, p?=?0.003, respectively]. High levels of television (TV) watching and general sleeping problems were related to a less optimal physical condition [ρ?=???0.09, p?=?0.076 (trend); and ρ?=???0.10, p?=?0.059 (trend), respectively]. A latent class analysis revealed three clusters: 46?% of the sample belonged to the ‘healthy group’ concerning nutrition, sedentary lifestyle and TV/personal computer (PC) use; 17?% to the ‘less healthy’ group and 37?% to a group with nutrition and physical activity habits close to the healthy group, but with low conditional probabilities for the sleeping items. Conducting a pilot study before the start of a binational intervention study gives a blueprint for the final questionnaire, and clues for tailored interventions in the schools, as proposed in the approach of ‘Gesunde Kinder in gesunden Kommunen’ (GKGK). The results of a latent class analysis underscore that interventions should exist of a multi-component strategy, focusing on promoting physical activity, healthy nutrition habits and appropriate sleep. 相似文献