浅谈北方三少民族传统生态观

本文基于人类学视角,运用民族学的理论知识,主要从三少民族的自然崇拜、禁忌、习惯、民间文学着手论述其传统的生态观,并简要分析传统文化在保护生态环境方面的客观作用。对三少民族而言,生态保护是民族传统文化的重要元素,其传统文化体现了三少数民族生存方式中的生态智慧,体现了尊重和保护环境的朴素生态观。     

What Do Educational Mismatches Tell Us About Skill Mismatches? A Cross‐country Analysis

The relationship between higher education and employment is commonly interpreted in terms of the extent to which the higher education sector is providing graduates with the knowledge and skills to match employment needs. It is assumed that a mismatch between working in a job and level or field of education limits the use of skills, with adverse effects on both productivity and earnings. This article examines this assumption on the basis of five countries from the European graduate survey (CHEERS data). Although the analysis shows that educational and skill mismatches are indeed related, mismatches by no means imply mismatches between available and required knowledge and skills. The results indicate that traditional approaches of mismatches have to be adapted to more flexible forms of relationships between higher education and work.     

达斡尔族传统民间故事中的原始宗教因素

本文基于文学视角,运用民族学的理论知识,主要从自然崇拜、神灵崇拜、灵魂崇拜、萨满崇拜这4个方面着手分析研究,探讨这斡尔族原始宗教思想对达斡尔族民间故事的影响。可以说在达斡尔族的许多传统民间故事中都体现出其原始宗教的色彩,达斡尔族原始宗教对当时的达斡尔族民间故事产生了深远影响。此论题的研究,对于我们进一步认识、研究达斡尔族民间文学有积极意义,并能为此研究提供一个新的研究视角。     

COMPROMISE MODELS FOR ESTABLISHING EXAMINATION STANDARDS

Cutoff scores based on absolute standards can be unacceptable in terms of the number of failures they produce. Cutoff scores based on relative standards, that is, cutoff scores set to achieve a fixed percentage of failures, can be unacceptable because an acceptable performance level for passed examinees cannot be guaranteed. In some situations one can improve upon an absolute standard using a compromise model, which draws on the information in the observed score distribution for a test to adjust the standard. Three compromise models are described and compared in this article.     

“双一流”建设背景下大学跨学科组织的学科网络结构研究

基于耗散结构理论对跨学科组织形成的原因进行分析,将学科间的知识流动作为学科间的联结方式,根据结构洞理论提出三种跨学科组织学科网络结构模式：辐射模式、汇聚模式、“沙龙”模式。通过对跨学科组织的学科基础和组织目标两个方面的分析,认为三种模式的形成是高校以优势学科为基础,根据内外部需求和学科特点构建的结果。在比较国内外大学跨学科组织构建情况的基础上,提出我国高校跨学科组织应当厚植学科基础、明确战略目标、创新组织模式。