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Fatma S Qasem Ahlam A Mustafa Nafeesa A Kazem Nasra M Shah 《Child abuse & neglect》1998,22(12):1189-1202
Objective: The major aim was to describe parental attitudes to physical punishments and examine their sociodemographic correlates. A related aim was to assess the association of parents’ own experience of physical punishment with attitudes to punishment of children.Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted during the second week of December, 1996 in five general clinics covering the major administrative areas of Kuwait: 337 Kuwaiti mothers and fathers with at least one living child were contacted; 95% were successfully interviewed using a structured questionnaire.Results: Eighty-six percent of parents agreed with physical punishment as a means of child disciplining. Agreement with punishment was higher in case of serious misbehaviors such as stealing (63%), sniffing glue and using drugs (77%). Multiple regression results showed that parent’s lower level of education and Bedouin ethnicity were positively associated with agreement on physical punishment. Larger percentages of parents who had experienced physical punishments themselves agreed with such punishment to discipline their children, but this was not statistically significant.Conclusions: In recent years education has become widespread for both sexes. An inverse association between educational level and agreement on physical beating suggest that attitudes to this form of child disciplining are changing. Those with a Bedouin ethnic background still adhere more strictly to the traditional forms of child disciplining including physical beating. There is a need for conducting research on the possible negative psychosocial impacts of physical punishment in view of findings from other countries. 相似文献
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Fatma Yaman 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2018,16(3):421-442
This study investigates the effect of the science writing heuristic (SWH) approach on the quality of prospective science teachers’ (PSTs) argumentative writing and their understanding of the components of argumentation in the SWH approach and their own learning. Ten SWH approach activities were implemented during the semester. The study was carried out with 31 PSTs. A case study design was used. Data included the SWH approach’s grading rubric and semistructured interviews. While the ANOVA and Bonferroni tests were used to analyze the SWH approach’s grading rubric, content analysis was used to analyze the semistructured interviews conducted with 12 PSTs. The ANOVA results showed a statistical difference among the writing performance of the PSTs (F = 14.493, p < 0.01). The findings gathered from the interviews revealed that the quality of the argumentative writing and research skills of the PSTs increased over time. The PSTs made explicit associations among their beginning questions, data and observations, and claims and evidence, and they made distinctions between their data, observations, and evidence. Multiple representations played an important role in providing evidence to support claims. Moreover, the process of negotiation helped PSTs learn more effectively, and they believed that the argument-based inquiry lab was beneficial to their learning and their future vocational careers as teachers. 相似文献
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İkbal Tuba Şahin-Sak Ramazan Sak Fatma Tezel-Şahin 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2018,38(1):35-52
This survey-based quantitative study investigates 310 Turkish preschool teachers’ views about classroom management, using the following six models of disciplinary strategy: behavioral change theory, Dreikurs’ social discipline model, Canter’s assertive discipline model, the Glasser model of discipline, Kounin’s model, and Gordon’s teacher effectiveness training (TET) model. Data were collected through a demographic information form and the Discipline Strategies Questionnaire. The results showed that the participant teachers usually agreed with items that reflected a child-centered approach to classroom management. Also, the respondents’ views of Dreikurs’ social discipline model and Gordon’s TET model differed according to their gender. The teachers’ views related to behavioral change theory and Gordon’s TET also varied markedly, depending on the ages of the children they taught. 相似文献
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Zehra Ozturk Caitlin McMunn Dooley Meghan Welch 《Journal of Research on Technology in Education》2018,50(2):149-163
The purpose of this study was to investigate how elementary teachers with little knowledge of computer science (CS) and project-based learning (PBL) experienced integrating CS through PBL as a part of a standards-based elementary curriculum in Grades 3–5. The researchers used qualitative constant comparison methods on field notes and reflections to describe the teachers' participation in professional development to create CS-infused projects to be implemented with their students. Categories that emerged included standards integration, student autonomy, and challenges of infrastructure and time. The data are from the first 6 months of a 3-year, National Science Foundation-funded project. (Keywords: computer science, project-based learning, integration, elementary curriculum) 相似文献
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Ceramic samples made with a mixture of 70% ball clay and 30% quartz sand were moulded and then fired at 900 °C in an electric kiln. Samples were then treated with different products and analyses and tests were performed to evaluate the physical changes induced by the application of these products and their effects on the quality of the ceramics. A petrographic study indicated that the ceramics were composed of quartz, small amounts of mullite and sanidine and traces of hematite. Mineral clays (i.e. kaolinite) disappeared during firing. Two consolidating products (Paraloid B72 and Tegovakon V) and one water repellent (Silo 111) were applied to samples by capillarity, and physical changes (colour, water flow, porosity and pore size distribution) were measured. Finally, we carried out salt crystallization tests in order to determine which product improved the quality of the ceramics. Treated samples registered a decrease in porosity and a general increase in pore size. The application of Silo 111 drastically reduced water absorption by immersion and by capillarity. This product was also responsible for a decrease in pore interconnection. Samples treated with Tegovakon V performed better in terms of their overall hydric behaviour. Silo 111 was the only product that did not modify the colour of samples when compared with untreated ones, and after accelerated aging tests, samples treated with this product hindered the absorption of saline solution into ceramic pores and prevented their decay. Paraloid B72 did not improve any of the properties of the ceramics. 相似文献
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Azza M. Mohamed Mohga S. Abdalla Maha Z. Rizk El-Sayed M. E. Mahdy Abdel-Razik H. Farrag Fatma S. El-Sharabasy Hanan F. Aly Mohamed R. Mohamed 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2014,29(4):418-429
Anabasis articulata (Forssk) Moq. (Chenopodiaceae) is an herb, grows in Egypt, and used in folk medicine to treat diabetes, fever, and kidney infections. The protective and therapeutic effects of the ethanol extract of A. articulata aerial parts were evaluated against dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced liver fibrosis, compared with the standard drug, silymarin. Hepatic hydroxyproline content, serum transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), interleukin 10 (IL-10) and fructosamine were measured as liver fibrosis markers. Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione content (GSH) were measured as oxidant/antioxidant markers. Parallel histopathological investigations were also performed. Protective and therapeutic administration of A. articulata (100 mg/kg daily for 4 weeks), markedly prevented DMN-induced loss in body and liver weights. The extract significantly inhibited the elevation of hepatic hydroxyproline, NO and MDA (P < 0.05), as well as serum fructosamine, and TGF-β1 (P < 0.05) induced by DMN while it restored IL-10 to normal level in both protective and therapeutic groups. Furthermore, A. articulata prevented the depletion in CAT, GR, and GSH levels (P ≤ 0.05). In addition, oral administration of A. articulata extract and silymarin to both protective and therapeutic groups reduced the increase in liver function enzyme activities; alanine and aspartate amintransferases, gamma-glutamyl transferase in addition to alkaline phosphatase, and caused significant increase in serum albumin concentration as compared to DMN group. These data corresponded closely with those obtained for the drug silymarin. Histopathological studies confirmed the biochemical data and revealed remarkable improvement in liver architecture. Thus, it could be concluded that, A. articulata extract exhibited in vivo hepatoprotective and therapeutic effects against DMN-induced liver injury and may act as a useful agent in controlling the progression of hepatic fibrosis through reduction of oxidative stress and improving liver function. 相似文献
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Fatma Emel Kocak Ozben Ozden Isiklar Havva Kocak Ayfer Meral 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2015,25(1):57-63