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151.
152.
The response of heel-toe runners to changes in cushioning of the impact interface was investigated. Ground reaction force
and sagittal plane kinematic data were collected for six heel-toe runners performing barefoot running trials on a conventional
asphalt surface and an asphalt surface with additional cushioning. Statistical analysis indicated that similar peak impact
force values were maintained when running on the two surfaces (p < 0.1). When running on the less cushioned surface, significant reductions were detected in ankle dorsi-flexion angle immediately
prior to ground impact and peak ankle plantar-flexion velocity immediately following impact (p > 0.1). In addition, individual subjects demonstrated reductions in heel velocity and increases in knee flexion immediately
prior to ground contact. The observed reduction in ankle dorsiflexion at impact, resulting in a flatter foot at ground contact,
supports previous suggestions that this is a strategy to reduce local plantar pressure loads. The additional use of adjustments
in heel velocity and initial knee flexion highlights the ability of some subjects to adopt compensatory measures to reduce
peak impact loading. However, some subjects appear unable to make these adjustments, resulting in higher impact loading on
the less cushioned surface for these subjects. This study provides experimental evidence to support the theoretical potential
of heel impact velocity and initial knee flexion to influence impact loading in running. 相似文献
153.
Language in Science Education as a Gatekeeper to Learning,Teaching, and Professional Development 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Felicia M. Moore 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2007,18(2):319-343
In this study, I used a feminist poststructural perspective to explain how language is a gatekeeper in learning science, in
achieving professional honors in teaching science, and in teaching science to English language learners. The various uses
of language revealed interesting dynamics related to the culture of power of language and the culture of power of science
along race–ethnicity, gender, and class dimensions for teachers. Teachers did not necessarily see language as having distinct
purposes and uses. This further maintained the gatekeeping nature of language and discourse in science education. I discuss
implications for looking at language in science education for teacher professional development and student learning.
相似文献
Felicia M. MooreEmail: |
154.
Justine Allen John Taylor Paul Dimeo Sarah Dixon Leigh Robinson 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(9):899-906
Understanding athletes’ attitudes to doping continues to be of interest for its potential to contribute to an international anti-doping system. However, little is known about the relationship between elite athletes’ attitudes to drug use and potential explanatory factors, including achievement goals and the motivational climate. In addition, despite specific World Anti-Doping Agency Code relating to team sport athletes, little is known about whether sport type (team or individual) is a risk or protective factor in relation to doping. Elite athletes from Scotland (N = 177) completed a survey examining attitudes to performance-enhancing drug (PED) use, achievement goal orientations and perceived motivational climate. Athletes were generally against doping for performance enhancement. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that task and ego goals and mastery motivational climate were predictors of attitudes to PED use (F (4, 171) = 15.81, P < .01). Compared with individual athletes, team athletes were significantly lower in attitude to PED use and ego orientation scores and significantly higher in perceptions of a mastery motivational climate (Wilks’ lambda = .76, F = 10.89 (5, 170), P < .01). The study provides insight into how individual and situational factors may act as protective and risk factors in doping in sport. 相似文献
155.
Roselyn M. Dixon Catherine A. Reddacliff 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2001,48(2):193-206
This paper reports the results of a qualitative research study of vocationally competent young adults with mild intellectual disabilities. The purpose of the study was to examine the contributions which families made to the success of these young adults in competitive employment. The participants were clients of a competitive employment and training program who were purposively sampled using the criterion of having maintained competitive employment for 6 months and ranged in age from 19 to 30 years. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with the participants and some of their family members. Content analysis was used to generate categories and themes. The significant finding was how families contribute to the individuals' efforts to maintain competitive employment. Analysis of the themes indicated that certain family characteristics led to more successful employment outcomes. These characteristics were moral support, practical assistance, role models of appropriate work ethic, protection from difficulties and exploitation, and family cohesion. An interesting finding was that the families responded to these young people as if they were in an earlier developmental stage except in the area of employment. Implications for families and vocational education practitioners are suggested. 相似文献
156.
157.
Jing Zhao L. Quentin Dixon Blanca Quiroz Si Chen 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2017,45(1):27-34
In this study, we investigated the concurrent and longitudinal relationships between vocabulary and word reading across Spanish and English. One hundred and seventeen 4- to 5-year-old Spanish–English bilingual children attending Head Start programs in the United States were tested for their Spanish and English word reading twice, 5 months apart. We also tested the children’s Spanish and English vocabulary and phonological awareness at Time 1. We used multiple regression models to examine the predictive value of vocabulary to word reading cross-linguistically and longitudinally. Results showed that within (Spanish or English) language and concurrent predictions were stronger than cross-language and longitudinal predictions; however, Spanish vocabulary was a significant and unique predictor of English word reading longitudinally. Spanish phonological awareness also played an important role in the relationship between vocabulary and word reading. Our results suggest that helping Spanish-speaking children build their Spanish vocabulary can also improve their English word reading ability. 相似文献
158.
The effect of exposure to incorrectly and correctly spelled words on subsequent spelling performance was examined as a function of spelling proficiency and of time lapse between exposure and test. Spelling accuracy was found to be respectively depressed and enhanced by such exposure, relative to performance on unexposed control words. The effect was persistent and pervasive, obtaining at both immediate and one-week delayed testing and in both good and poor spellers. The findings indicate that fresh orthographic information exerts an influence on pre-existing abstract orthographic representations, rather than establishing new episodic traces, and that this process takes place implicitly. 相似文献
159.
Andrea L. Dixon Catherine Tucker Mary Ann Clark 《Counselor Education & Supervision》2010,50(2):103-115
Social justice in the education of all K‐12 students begins with school counselors; preparing school counselors as advocates and leaders who can implement these principles in U.S. schools begins with counselor educators. Suggestions for intentional preparation of school counselors to be social justice advocates in schools by integrating the principles of the National Center for Transforming School Counseling with the American School Counselor Association National Model for School Counseling Programs (2005) and the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs 2009 Standards are described. Ideas for educating school counselors as effective advocates in the context of specific training experiences throughout counselor training programs are provided. 相似文献
160.