对大学生情绪稳定性和性格倾向与体育课考试成绩关系的研究

从提高教学质量出发,旨在为教师正确指导学生如何调控体育考试的心理状态,正常发挥应有的水平,以及探讨在教学和考试测验中,师生双边关系的最佳结合点,以利于教学质量的提高。作者以593名大学生作为研究对象,分期分批,进行了为期近7年的教学实践和考试实验研究。研究结果表明：情绪稳定性对个体的运动技能及考试成绩的影响关系密切;性格倾向不影响个体的运动能力,但考试成绩表现为性格外向型的平均成绩优于性格内向型的平均成绩,并与运动项目关系密切;教师在考试时,使用不同的考试指导语,创设不同的考试情景氛围,在一定程度上影响着学生的应试情绪及运动技能的发挥。     

TEACHERS’ ATTITUDES TO RELIGIOUS EDUCATION

This is a short historical review showing how researchers in the early part of this century attempted to define and measure artistic ability and establish a relationship between such ability and general intelligence. The definition of artistic ability was a recurring difficulty which has not, indeed, been satisfactorily settled yet, although the inadequacy of some of the criteria put forward earlier in the century can now be clearly seen. Such criteria were often wholly convergent, requiring pupils to conform to pre‐established notions of ‘correctness’ which now seem inappropriate to the subject.     

Counselling patients with infertility problems

The present biomedical model of health care fails to consider the psychosocial aspects of problems of health and illness. Nevertheless, guidance and support through appropriate treatment remains a necessity, especially for patients with chronic and complex diseases. Moreover, information about the disease and its treatment is important with regard to a successful outcome. Health care providers should also pay attention to the psychosocial impact of the disease on the patient, on his or her family and on the wider social context. Counselling infertility patients adds a new dimension to this process: new reproductive technologies offer infertile patients the possibility of setting up a family, but at the cost of turning the parenting wish into a very stressful event. Fertility problems and the fertility treatment itself tend to place a lot of stress on the emotional and sexual relationship of the infertile couple. Although infertile patients focus on such treatments as providing a means to become parents, they should also be able to cope with possible failure. On the other hand, if the treatment succeeds patients should not only be guided through the treatment but also informed about possible psychological and social consequences that might affect them as future parents, their parent-child relationship and the family dynamics. If it is considered that this kind of treatment involves a new life, one might expect psychological counselling to be an essential part of it.