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411.
Two studies are reported in which coaches of Dutch top level athletes ranked 10 general factors recognized as predictors of athletic performance. In the first study, the coaching staff of the national teams in judo, speed skating, swimming, and table tennis were involved (n=50), and in the second coaches in field hockey, golf, and track and field (n=65); in track and field, two types of athlete were assessed: the “explosive” and the “endurance” types. Agreement among coaches within a sport appears to vary from rather high to quite low, indicating that they do not always rank the various factors in an identical way. In spite of these imperfect interjudge reliabilities, most of the groups of coaches made very similar group rankings, in which three factors were generally considered to be of primary importance: physical fitness, mental fitness and natural endowment These findings are discussed in the context of the emphasis which is often given to the effects of the immediate environment in the development of talented individuals. 相似文献
412.
There are still 10 English local educational authorities (LEAs) that are wholly selective and a further 10 with some grammar and secondary modern schools. This article examines the academic performance of pupils in secondary modern schools and the funding of these schools using national data sets matching pupils' performance at Key Stage 2 and General Certificate of Education (GCSE) as well as data on funding from Section 52 statements. Students in secondary modern schools gained one less grade on average than equivalent students in comprehensive schools while grammar school pupils obtained five grades more. After taking account of the cost factors and grant entitlements that influence funding per pupil, secondary modern schools in the years 2000/01–2002/03 were funded around £80 less per pupil while grammar school pupils received over £100 more per pupil compared to comprehensive schools. Secondary modern schools were more likely to be in financial deficit than comprehensive and particularly grammar schools. Thus, students are academically disadvantaged by attending secondary modern schools, which in most selective LEAs do not receive sufficient additional funding to offset the depressing effects on attainment of the increased social segregation arising from a selective system. 相似文献
413.
414.
Marie-Germaine Pêcheux François Findji Josette Ruel 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1992,7(3):209-218
Infants’ abilities to focus attention on objects and mothers’ behaviors mobilizing the attention of their child were studied in a sample of 30 dyads, at 5 and 8 months of age. It was hypothesized that at the younger age infants need their mothers’ scaffolding to explore their environment, and that the frequency of mothers’ encouragements at that age is related with their attentional capacities at 8 months; at this later age, mother’s and infant’s behaviors should no more be correlated. Data concerning both the total frequency of the target behaviors and the length of individual occurrences strongly confirm the hypotheses. They imply that in the mother attention getting should be distinguished from attention holding, and are discussed in terms of educational consequences. 相似文献
415.
François Louis 《Prospects》1997,27(2):285-296
Conclusion It may be pointed out in conclusion that the two connotations of the word ‘network’— the fact of working together coupled
with that of the new information and communication media—finally come together and situate the French education system in
a real context of change, for both connotations are obviously complementary.
Communication, co-operative work, the pooling of resources and skills, with a view to improving the quality and effectiveness
of education and promoting equality of opportunity through access to knowledge, are central to these various projects. Thanks
to the greater flexibility made possible by these tools, a new public—those who are isolated or those who find it impossible
to move—are and will be taken into account. The purpose of these projects is to increase the performance of the education
system and adapt it to the social and economic realities of the community. This shows how important it is to facilitate their
implementation, in association with all partners concerned.
Original language: French
Fran?ois Louis (France) University degrees in public law and labour law and a graduate of the French école nationale d'administration (ENA) (1979).
Since 1989, he has been head of the Planning and Resources Management Unit of the French Direction des lycées et collèges,
after having held the post of Secretary-General of educational administration for the Paris region. In 1994, he published
a book entitledDécentralisation et autonomie des établissements [Decentralization and school autonomy], as well as a report published by OECD in 1995 entitledL'enseignement secondaire en France, la mutation des dix dernières années [Secondary education in France, a decade of change]. 相似文献
416.
Jean-Marc Bernard Alain Patrick Nkengne Nkengne Fran?ois Robert 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2007,68(1):555-575
SCHOOL CURRICULA REFORMS IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN AFRICA: MYTH VS. REALITY - This paper proposes a critical analysis of the introduction
and implementation of new school curricula in Africa based on the example of the skills based approach (SBA). In many countries,
the SBA has been chosen as the most appropriate and relevant method to change their school curriculum and improve education
quality. We analyse the implementation of those new curricula based on the SBA in primary schools in Mauritania. The results
show that the main problems affecting pupils’ achievement lie rather in the effective implementation of curricula in the classrooms
than in their contents. Additional analyses show that this result is confirmed in other African countries. As a background
analysis, we present the origins of SBA, define its purposes and assess its limits from a pedagogical point of view. The weaknesses
of this approach in taking into account the needs and the realities of African educational systems are stressed. These various
elements lead to the conclusion that if curriculum reforms are often necessary in African countries, this can not be a cure
for education quality issues. 相似文献
417.
Rose M. Marra Fran Arbaugh John Lannin Sandra Abell Mark Ehlert Rena Smith Dominike Merle-Johnson Meredith Park Rogers 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2011,9(4):793-816
Given the large investment in teacher professional development (PD), further understanding of the factors that impact PD success
is needed. In a previous study, the authors established a framework for categorizing PD projects using the notion of orientations.
A PD orientation is comprised of project characteristics that drive the PD design and implementation for that project. In
this study, we applied this orientation framework to 14 science and mathematics PD projects and examined the relationship
between projects of differing orientations and PD outcomes (e.g. perceived improvement in teaching practices). The results
provide support for the value of the framework and demonstrate that PD projects with different orientations exhibit differing
participant outcomes. This study also provides evidence of the value of this research framework for understanding how PD implementation
characteristics are related to PD outcomes, as well as points to the value of a “balanced” orientation where both content
and pedagogy are addressed in equal parts. 相似文献
418.
Annette?SherryEmail author R.?W.?Burniske Candido?Manuel?Varela?de?Fretas José Diaz de Rabago?S.?J. Abbas?Johari Clarence?Chu Fran?ois?Marchessou 《TechTrends》2003,47(6):19-25
Conclusion Although many questions remain unanswered, these early translations of the AECT Code of Ethics will be available at the AECT
Web site to ensure that access to the principles is offered in languages other than English. As they become available, more
translations will be added to the English, Farsi, French, Mandarin Chinese, Portuguese, and Spanish versions. The translations
will be saved as PDF files to retain the unique characters of each language.
Additional translators with expertise in both educational technology and the targeted languages will be identified. Exploration
of ways to encourage debate regarding the viability of the translations within diverse cultures continues. The ultimate hope
is that collaboration among members of the professional ethics committee of AECT, the translators, and interested educators
will result in the development of a Code of Ethics that “speaks” across cultures and establishes a meaningful guide to professional
conduct around the world.
Authors’ Note: This article expands on earlier work published in the (2002) Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association
for Educational Communications and Technology, edited by M, Simonson. 相似文献
419.
Research in Higher Education - Discussions about social justice imply discussions about higher education. After all, a whole set of literature has illustrated how ethnic minority students face all... 相似文献
420.
Mônica Macedo-Rouet Ladislao Salmerón Christine Ros Ana Pérez Marc Stadtler Jean-François Rouet 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2020,43(1):101-138
ABSTRACTThis study investigates the relationship between teenagers’ use of social networking sites (SNS) and their sourcing abilities. Sourcing is defined as students’ ability (1) to discriminate reliable and unreliable links based on source characteristics, (2) to value source criteria as means to select information resources and (3) to select reliable texts based on source characteristics. One hundred and forty-six students (M age = 14.7 years old) completed three sourcing tasks, a questionnaire on SNS use, as well as language and memory skills tests. We found that SNS frequency of use negatively predicted both participants’ ability to select the most reliable source among two conflicting sources on the same topic and their ability to cite source features when justifying their choice. SNS frequency of use was unrelated to students’ assessment of source criteria, but vocabulary level was positively related to performance in this task. We discuss various explanations for the observed relationship between teenagers’ SNS communication and their critical appraisal of information sources, and we propose avenues for instructional interventions aimed at fostering information skills. 相似文献