全文获取类型
收费全文 | 779篇 |
免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
教育 | 614篇 |
科学研究 | 43篇 |
各国文化 | 17篇 |
体育 | 19篇 |
信息传播 | 89篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 6篇 |
2021年 | 9篇 |
2020年 | 16篇 |
2019年 | 21篇 |
2018年 | 11篇 |
2017年 | 24篇 |
2016年 | 23篇 |
2015年 | 13篇 |
2014年 | 15篇 |
2013年 | 164篇 |
2012年 | 23篇 |
2011年 | 15篇 |
2010年 | 26篇 |
2009年 | 21篇 |
2008年 | 22篇 |
2007年 | 17篇 |
2006年 | 10篇 |
2005年 | 15篇 |
2004年 | 15篇 |
2003年 | 10篇 |
2002年 | 11篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 11篇 |
1998年 | 9篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 10篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 11篇 |
1982年 | 11篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 17篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 11篇 |
1975年 | 11篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1970年 | 4篇 |
1968年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有782条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Rats lived continuously in an operant chamber in which they were able to press a bar to obtain food on a chained FR50:CRF schedule that allowed them control of both the size and frequency of individual meals. Independent groups of animals were scheduled to receive 12, 24, 48, or 96 electric shocks per day, which were given randomly in time and independent of the subjects’ behavior. Rats could avoid shock by remaining in a safe area of the chamber, but they were always at risk while barpressing. The introduction of shock resulted in a number of changes in feeding patterns. In rats exposed to a possible 12 shocks/day, meal size increased whereas meal frequency changed very little. At 24 shocks/day, meal frequency decreased whereas meal size increased such that net intake remained stable relative to a preshock baseline period. As shock density was increased to 48 or 96 shocks/day, total intake was suppressed. At 96 shocks/day, both meal frequency and meal size decreased dramatically. Shock-related changes were also observed in rates of operant responding and in the amount of time the animals engaged in feeding-related behavior. All of the animals were able to achieve a greater than 50% reduction in the total number of shocks received relative to equivalent random samples of their position in the apparatus taken during baseline. These results support the position that the nature of defensive changes in feeding behavior that are seen when an aversive stimulus is introduced: into a simulated foraging situation varies as a function of risk. 相似文献
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
Salden Ron J.C.M. Paas Fred Broers Nick J. van Merriënboer Jeroen J.G. 《Instructional Science》2004,32(1-2):153-172
The differential effects of four task selectionmethods on training efficiency and transfer incomputer-based training for Air Traffic Controlwere investigated. A non-dynamic condition, inwhich the learning tasks were presented to theparticipants in a fixed, predeterminedsequence, was compared to three dynamicconditions, in which learning tasks wereselected on the basis of performance, mentaleffort, and a combination of both (i.e., mentalefficiency). Using the 3-factor mentalefficiency formula of Tuovinen and Paas (2004, this issue), the hypothesis that dynamic taskselection leads to more efficient training thannon-dynamic task selection was confirmed.However, the hypothesis that dynamic taskselection based on mental efficiency leads tomore efficient training than dynamic taskselection based on performance or mental effortalone was not supported. The results arediscussed in light of the theoretical frameworkand suggestions are given for futureresearch. 相似文献
87.
Kim A. H. Cordewener Fred Hasselman Ludo Verhoeven Anna M. T. Bosman 《Journal of Experimental Education》2018,86(2):135-153
This study examined the role of instruction for spelling performance and spelling consciousness in the Dutch language. Spelling consciousness is the ability to reflect on one's spelling and correct errors. A sample of 115 third-grade spellers was assigned to a strategy-instruction, strategic-monitoring, self-monitoring, or control condition representing different types of metacognitive aspects. The results showed that students in all three training conditions made more progress in both spelling performance and spelling consciousness than students in the control condition. With respect to spelling consciousness, only students in the strategy-instruction condition made significant improvement between pretest and posttest. Students made more progress in spelling performance on regular words than on loan words. Students in all four conditions became more accurate at assessing which words they could spell correctly. Students in the control condition more frequently overestimated their spelling ability. 相似文献
88.
Fred Willie Zametkin LaPolla Nicole Contaxis Alisa Surkis 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2021,109(3):490
Background:Over four years of hosting library data workshops, we conducted post-workshop evaluation of attendees'' satisfaction with the workshops but not longer-term follow-up. To best allocate library resources and most effectively serve the needs of our users, we sought to determine whether our data workshops were impactful and useful to our community. This paper describes a pilot project to evaluate the impact of data workshops at our academic health sciences library.Case Presentation:We surveyed individuals who signed up for data workshops between 2016 and 2019. Surveys included open-ended and multiple-choice questions, with the goal of having participants describe their motivations for taking the workshop(s) and how they ultimately used what they learned. An analysis of responses using the Applied Thematic Analysis model indicated that the workshops had an impact on the respondents, although the strength of our conclusions is limited by a relatively low response rate.Conclusions:Survey results indicated that our workshops impacted how researchers at our medical center collect and analyze data, supporting the conclusion that we should concentrate our educational efforts on providing skills-based workshops. The low response rate and time-consuming nature of the analysis point toward several improvements for future evaluation efforts, including better tracking of workshop attendees, a shorter survey with fewer open-ended questions, and survey implementation within one year of the workshop date. 相似文献
89.
We analyzed how two basic electromagnetism textooks approach the concept of electric field. We limited our study to the reasons given in these textbooks for the introduction of the field representation and to how accurate, coherent, and complete these reasons are. Because many times historical reasons are intertwined with textbooks' explanations of physical phenomena, we used the historical evolution of the field representation to guide our analysis. The analysis shows that one textbook mixes up the historical and pedagogical reasons for the introduction of the concept of field. The other one presents a sketch that might lead students to understand the field and the action-at-a-distance views as supplementing each other. 相似文献
90.
Fred J. Hanna 《Counselor Education & Supervision》2012,51(3):222-234
The proposed freedom paradigm is briefly reviewed as an overarching framework that may provide a structure for integrating the counseling profession and counseling theories. Freedom is defined and discussed in terms of four modalities: freedom from, freedom to, freedom with, and freedom for. This is followed by a response to comments on Hanna's (2011) article and addresses such topics as the nature of practice, the value of techniques, hypnotherapy, and the applicability of the paradigm for mental health professionals in general. A further clarification of counseling toward object orientation and internal control is also included. 相似文献