华北移民后裔异姓同宗现象探微

一中华民族的姓,不仅是一种记录族群血缘关系的见证,也是后人寻觅同姓支脉繁衍、迁徙,探求家世渊源脉络的基本线索。但是,在中华民族姓氏的嬗变中,异姓同宗现象却相当普遍。而明初以降华北移民后裔中的异姓同宗现象,则与史不同。据1993年版河南《内黄县志·氏族》调查,内黄一县之内,异姓同宗现象竟达七宗之多,其中明初移民分姓宗数与避难移民分姓宗数相等。虽然对那些因担心政治迫害而分姓的动因,无须多言,然而,对明初政府行为下的华北移民分姓的动机,无论从移民政策,还是社会学等方面,都有深入考察的必要。历经元末明初浩劫后的华北,社会经…     

New measures for new roles: defining and measuring the current practices of health sciences librarians

The roles of academic health sciences librarians are continually evolving as librarians initiate new programs and services in response to developments in computer technology and user demands. However, statistics currently collected by libraries do not accurately reflect or measure these new roles. It is essential for librarians to document, measure, and evaluate these new activities to continue to meet the needs of users and to ensure the viability of their professional role. To determine what new measures should be compiled, the authors examined current statistics, user demands, professional literature, and current activities of librarians as reported in abstracts of poster sessions at Medical Library Association annual meetings. Three new categories of services to be measured are proposed. The first, consultation, groups activities such as quality filtering and individual point-of-need instruction. The second, outreach, includes activities such as working as liaisons, participating in grand rounds or morning report, and providing continuing education. The third area, Web authoring, encompasses activities such as designing Web pages, creating online tutorials, and developing new products. Adding these three measures to those already being collected will provide a more accurate and complete depiction of the services offered by academic health sciences librarians.     

An intrapreneurial approach to integrating information production services into an academic medical center library

The many challenges faced by health sciences libraries of all types and sizes often require innovative solutions. When an innovative solution involves calculated risk taking, the approach is called intrapreneurial. At the University of Miami School of Medicine, an intrapreneurial approach solved the fiscal problems of the biomedical communications unit. The Louis Calder Memorial Library inherited these problems when the Department of the Library and Biomedical Communications was created in the early 1980s. In this paper, two intrapreneurial programs are described, and the benefit and suitability of this management style to information services are demonstrated.     

临床经验性论文的优化对策

比较全面地探讨医学期刊编辑对临床经验性论文的优化对策，包括消除消极的思维定势，提高编辑的知识“势能”，打好编辑的临床功底，增强编辑的选题组稿意识，编出期刊栏目的特色和转变偏颇的办刊观念等优化措施。这在实践意义上有助于医学编辑提高对临床经验性论文的认识，并采取有效措施提高论文和期刊质量，同时进一步丰富了科技写作、科技编辑方法论和编辑学研究的内容。     

电教队伍建设刍议

电化教育是一门新兴的边缘学科,是由教育学、物理学、电子学、心理学等相互渗透逐步形成和发展起来的。电化教学是把现代化的电子科学技术、光学技术等运用于教学,使教学手段逐渐